局部进展期乳腺癌新辅助化疗后保乳治疗的疗效观察

目的:探讨局部进展期乳腺癌新辅助化疗后保乳治疗的可行性及疗效.方法:对2006年2月-2009年3月62例Ⅱ,Ⅲ期乳腺癌患者给予CET方案化疗4～6周期后评估符合保乳条件行保乳治疗.分析新辅助化疗有效率及保乳术后的局部复发率、远处转移率、术后乳房美容效果等.结果:新辅助化疗有效率88.7％.符合保乳条件50例(80.6％,50/62).实际48例保乳成功.经40～81个月随访,同侧乳房复发率4.16％,远处转移率8.33％,乳房外形满意率87.5％.结论:局部进展期乳腺癌新辅助化疗后保乳治疗是可行的,严格把握适应证及精确的术前评估是成功的关键.     

86例早期乳腺癌的保乳手术疗效评价

目的：探讨早期乳腺癌保乳手术治疗的适应证及方法。方法：回顾性分析86例Ⅰ、Ⅱa期乳腺癌实施保乳手术及综合治疗的资料。结果：保乳术后病侧乳房外形均较好，两侧乳房基本对称，术后5年复发率为5．2％，5年生存率为96．5％。结论：早期乳腺癌的保乳手术治疗安全、疗效确切，但必须正确掌握手术指征及合理的切除范围，同时要保证术后的综合治疗及严格的随访制度。     

乳腺癌保乳手术治疗148例分析

目的研究乳腺癌保乳治疗方法的选择,探讨保乳手术适应证及疗效. 方法回顾分析1996年1月～2003年10月我院接受保乳治疗的148例乳腺癌临床资料.0期5例,Ⅰ期85例,Ⅱ期55例,Ⅲ期3例.手术方式为象限切除或肿块局部广泛切除联合腋窝淋巴结清扫.术后常规行辅助放疗、化疗和内分泌治疗. 结果手术标本石蜡病理检查各切缘均无癌浸润.经过54个月中位随访期(范围2～84个月),局部复发率为2.7%(4/148),其中乳腺3例,腋窝1例;远处转移率3.4%(5/148),手术至远处转移间期6～43个月,转移部位分别为肺、肝、脑膜和骨,其中3例死亡.对保乳综合治疗结束后满1年的108例患者进行乳房外形的评估,优32.4%(35/108),良49.1%(53/108),差18.5%(20/108). 结论对早期乳腺癌及部分经新辅助化疗降期后的局部进展期乳腺癌进行保乳手术治疗效果满意.规范化的切除和术后放疗、全身综合治疗是保乳治疗成功的关键.保乳手术后大部分患者乳房外形良好.     

中央区乳腺癌切除乳头乳晕复合体的保乳治疗及中长期随访

目的 探讨中央区乳腺癌切除乳头乳晕复合体的保乳治疗的临床疗效.方法 2002年10月-2012年10月,对43例Ⅰ-Ⅱ期原发性中央区乳腺癌,行癌灶局部扩大切除并腋窝淋巴结清扫的保乳手术,同时切除乳头乳晕复合体.术后常规全乳放射治疗,并根据具体病理及免疫组织化学分析结果,接受化学治疗、内分泌治疗及靶向治疗.结果术后随访7-96个月（中位数38个月）,均无局部复发和远处转移,患侧乳房外形总体优良率86.0%（37/43）（优23例,良14例）.结论 在严格掌握手术指征的前提下,对Ⅰ-Ⅱ期原发性中央区乳腺癌实施切除乳头乳晕复合体的保乳治疗,近期疗效满意,远期效果有待长期随访观察.     

早期乳腺癌保留乳房手术68例疗效分析

目的探讨早期乳腺癌保留乳房手术的临床效果。方法回顾性分析汕头市中心医院肿瘤外科2000年6月至2008年6月共628例0～Ⅱ期乳腺癌手术患者的临床病理资料和随访结果。其中保乳手术68例,全乳切除术560例。中位随访时间65个月。结果保乳手术患者占同期乳腺癌手术患者的5．7％（68／1198）,占0～Ⅱ期乳腺癌手术患者的10．8％（68／628）。保乳组5年无复发生存率97．1％。有2例出现局部复发,年龄分别为30岁和34岁,分别发生于术后44个月和49个月。保乳组与全乳切除组的5年生存率分别为100％和95．2％（P=0．210）。结论早期乳腺癌保乳手术临床效果良好;由于局部复发率较高,35岁以下乳腺癌选择保乳手术应谨慎。     

Ⅰ期乳腺癌保乳手术治疗的探讨

目的探讨保乳手术在I期乳腺癌治疗中的临床应用。方法对116例I期乳腺癌患者实施了保乳手术,术后辅以规范的综合治疗。结果116例患者保乳手术过程顺利,近期乳房外形保持良好。术后随访12～24个月,无局部复发,远处转移和死亡。结论保乳手术治疗Ⅰ期乳腺癌疗效满意,手术前全面细致地检查,有助于手术适应证的准确判定,术前、术后配合规范的综合治疗,是保乳手术疗效的可靠保证。     

早期乳腺癌保乳手术52例分析

目的评估早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的疗效。方法2000年3月～2005年9月，我院对52例Ⅰ期及部分Ⅱ期（肿瘤≤3cm，单发病灶）乳腺癌行局部广泛切除术，全腋窝淋巴结清扫术联合术后放疗，并辅以化疗（CMF或CEF方案）、内分泌治疗（口服三苯氧胺）。结果术后病理提示个切缘无癌细胞浸润。美容效果优良率达86．5％（45／52）。50例随访10～36个月（中位时间16个月），未见局部复发与远处转移。结论选择部分Ⅰ～Ⅱ期乳腺癌病例行保乳手术治疗，乳房外形及临床疗效满意，而且可以提高生活质量。     

Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳手术36例临床分析

目的探讨Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳手术的方法和治疗效果。方法对36例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者实施保乳术,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果术后对全部患者进行1~5 a随访。1例(1.78%)在术后2 a局部复发,接受全乳切除术,存活至今。1例(1.78%)术后3 a死于肺、骨、脑多处转移。34例(94.4%)5 a无病生存,患者对乳房外观满意。结论在严格掌握手术适应证的前提下,对Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者实施保乳手术治疗,既不影响疗效,又可获得理想的美容效果,极大改善了癌患者术后的生命质量。     

部分背阔肌皮瓣或侧胸壁脂肪筋膜皮瓣在外侧象限乳腺癌保乳治疗中的应用

目的总结在外侧象限乳腺癌保乳术后采用部分背阔肌皮瓣或侧胸壁脂肪筋膜皮瓣重建乳房的效果。方法 2012年9月—2016年9月,收治18例外侧象限乳腺癌女性患者。年龄41~65岁,平均46.5岁。浸润性导管癌17例,黏液腺癌1例。均为单发肿物,直径2.5~4.0 cm,距离乳头乳晕3~5 cm。患者乳房体积均为中-小型。保乳术后应用部分背阔肌皮瓣(13例)或侧胸壁脂肪筋膜皮瓣(5例)重建乳房。术后均行放疗。结果术后1例出现部分侧胸壁脂肪筋膜皮瓣坏死合并感染,其余皮瓣均顺利成活。16例切口Ⅰ期愈合,2例出现血清肿,穿刺抽液及加压包扎后Ⅱ期愈合。术后患者均获随访,随访时间6~50个月,平均26.8个月。术后6个月参照Kim等标准评价乳房重建效果,优12例、良4例、一般2例。随访期间未出现局部复发及远处转移。结论外侧象限乳腺癌保乳术后应用侧胸壁手术切口联合部分背阔肌皮瓣或侧胸壁脂肪筋膜皮瓣重建乳房,可以获得满意的美容效果。     

早期乳腺癌保乳治疗32例疗效分析

目的探讨Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的疗效及相关技术,为普及早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2003年2月～2010年12月32例行保乳手术治疗乳腺癌患者的相关资料,对肿瘤采取局部扩大切除并进行腋窝淋巴结清扫,术后辅以放疗、化疗或内分泌治疗。结果所有患者随访12～82个月,无局部复发及远处转移,乳房美容评定标准进行评价,符合优良标准31例（96.9%）,符合差标准1例（3.1%）。结论早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗创伤小、疗效确切、形体改变少、能提高生存质量,值得进一步临床开展及推广。     

局部进展期及较大乳腺癌的保乳治疗

目的探讨局部进展期及较大乳腺癌的保乳问题。方法对33例肿瘤直径4．1cm以上的乳腺癌患者手术前予以蒽环类为主的联合化疗方案化疗,待肿瘤缩小后行保乳手术。结果33例患者中有3l例接受1～8周期的新辅助化疗,平均3．7个周期。化疗有效率100％,其中临床完全缓解19例,临床部分缓解12例,病理学完全缓解9例。33例保乳手术最终切缘阴性率100％,手术中切除标本切缘快速冰冻病理检查1次阴性率75．8％。全部病例随访2～39个月,中位随访27个月,无一例复发。结论对于局部进展期及较大肿瘤乳腺癌,采用以新辅助化疗为主的综合治疗,多数患者可以成功保乳,近期疗效与小肿瘤患者相近。     

新辅助化疗联合保乳手术在中晚期乳腺癌中临床疗效的分析

目的：探讨新辅助化疗联合保乳手术在中晚期乳腺癌治疗中的临床疗效及应用价值。 方法：回顾性分析2008年2月—2010年2月收治的II~III期乳腺癌97例的临床资料,其中新辅助化疗联合保乳手术41例（保乳组,术前行新辅助化疗）和改良根治术56例（改良根治组,术前未行化疗）,对两组临床疗效进行评估。 结果：保乳组客观缓解率高于改良根治组（73.17% vs. 57.14%,P<0.05）。经23.2个月中位随访,保乳组全部存活,局部复发1例,未发生远处转移;改良根治组局部复发6例,5例发生远处转移,其中3例死亡;保乳组与改良根治组中位无进展生存期分别为32.3个月和22.1个月（P<0.05）。保乳组乳房外形评价82.93%为优;患者美观满意度90.24%为非常满意,7.32%为基本 满意。 结论：保乳术前辅助化疗可明显使中晚期乳腺癌临床分期降低,且术后近期疗效和美观效果均好,这对部分中晚期患者来说具有重要临床价值。     

An Overview of Breast-Conserving Surgery in Breast Cancer Treatment

Abstract: Breast-conserving surgery is the preferred operation for the majority of women with stage I or II breast cancer. It consists of the removal of primary breast cancer with a rim of adjacent normal tissues and the axillary dissection. The goal of breast-conserving surgery is to control the local-regional disease without removing the entire breast and to provide an accurate pathologic staging of the tumor (T) and draining nodes (N). The primary outcomes of breast-conserving surgery in treating women with invasive breast cancer are measured by the survival rate, local disease control and cosmetic results. The consideration of the factors that have major impacts on the outcomes of this form of treatment are discussed. This article provides a framework for considering and performing breast-conserving surgery and for critically evaluating the literature dealing with the various issues involved in the treatment of women with early breast cancer.     

Breast-Conservation Treatment Outcomes: A Community Hospital's Experience

Abstract:  In the United States, the majority of early breast cancer patients choose breast-conserving treatment in the community setting, yet there is a paucity of literature describing outcomes. In this paper, we describe our experience with breast-conserving treatment in a small community hospital. Our hospital tumor registry was used to identify breast cancer cases diagnosed at our hospital between 1997 and 2003. We limited our study to those women with initial attempts at breast-conserving surgery (BCS) who had follow-up oncology treatment at on-campus affiliated oncological services. We looked at factors that influence survival for early stage 0–II disease such as tumor and patient characteristics, completeness of local surgical tumor excision, and adjuvant treatment. We also evaluated the percentage of cases in which the initial BCS did not achieve adequate surgical oncological results and the number and type of subsequent surgeries that were required to achieve this goal. There were 185 cases with a median patient age of 55 and a median follow-up time of 53 months. Most tumors were stage 0–I (68%) or stage II (23%). A single surgery was deemed sufficient to achieve the desired oncological outcome in 54% of cases; the remaining cases (46%) required additional surgeries. A final margin of 5 mm or greater was successfully achieved in 81% of cases. Ninety-two percent of the patients underwent radiotherapy, 65% received hormonal therapy, and 49% underwent chemotherapy. One hundred and sixty one patients had successful breast-conserving surgeries (87%) and 24 patients (13%) ultimately required mastectomy. There were four loco-regional recurrences and 19 deaths during the study period. Our disease-free survival rate for early-stage cancer (stage 0–II) was 91% at 5 years. Our study shows that high-quality patient outcomes for breast-conserving treatment can be achieved in the community setting.     

早期乳腺癌保乳手术疗效分析

目的探讨早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的疗效。方法行保留乳房的肿瘤切除及腋窝淋巴结清扫术52例,术后给予放化疗和内分泌治疗。结果平均随访56个月,无局部复发病例,3年和5年生存率分别为96.2%和92.3%,远隔脏器转移率为3.8%。结论早期乳腺癌采用保乳综合疗法,可以达到与根治术相似的治疗效果,且提高了患者生存质量,可作为首选治疗方法。     

BREAST CONSERVATION: LONG-TERM RESULTS FROM WESTMEAD HOSPITAL

Background : Breast conservation has been shown to be a safe and effective alternative to mastectomy in early-stage breast cancer. The present study reviews the long-term outcome and toxicity after treatment of early breast cancer by conservative surgery and radiation. Methods : Between November 1979 and December 1989, 438 patients with Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) stage I or II breast cancer were treated with conservative surgery and radiation therapy (CS + RT) at Westmead Hospital. Surgery to the breast varied from a local excision to a quadrantectomy, depending on the preference of the referring surgeon. The axilla was surgically dissected in 299 patients (68%). All patients received postoperative breast irradiation. The whole breast was irradiated to 46–54 Gy (median dose, 50 Gy) using 6 Mev photons for 5–6.5 weeks. Boosts were given at the primary tumour site in 336 patients (78%), by electron therapy (88 patients), iridium-192 (247 patients) or photons (one patient). A total of 44 patients (10%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Results : The median follow-up period for surviving patients was 84 months (range: 56–172 months). The 5-year actuarial rate of local recurrence was 6% (312 patients at risk), and the 10-year rate was 10% (52 patients at risk). Very young patients (aged 34 years at diagnosis) had a 5-year actuarial rate of local recurrence of 13% compared to 5% for older patients (P= 0.04). Neither the total dose to the primary site nor the boost technique influenced local recurrence. The 5-year freedom from distant relapse was 83%. The side effects included rib fractures (2%), symptomatic pneumonitis (3%), fatty necrosis or fibrosis requiring surgery (4%), and moderate-severe oedema of the arm (7%). Conclusions : The long-term data show that CS + RT for UICC stage I or II breast cancer results in low rates of local recurrence which are influenced by age at diagnosis, but not by radiation dose or boost technique. These results confirm those of other international series that CS + RT is a safe alternative to mastectomy for most women with operable breast cancer.     

Local Recurrence After Skin-Sparing Mastectomy: Tumor Biology or Surgical Conservatism?

Background:Long-term follow-up of the use of skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) in the treatment of breast cancer is presented to determine the impact of local recurrence (LR) on survival.Methods:A total of 539 patients were treated for 565 cases of breast cancer by SSM and immediate breast reconstruction from January 1, 1989 to December 31, 1998. The American Joint Committee on Cancer pathological staging was stage 0 175 (31%), stage I 135 (23.9%), stage II 173 (30.6%), stage III 54 (9.6%), stage IV 8 (1.4%), and recurrent 20 (3.5%). The mean follow-up was 65.4 months (range, 23.7–86.3 months). Five patients were lost to follow-up.Results:Thirty-one patients developed a LR during the follow-up including five who received adjuvant radiation. The distribution of LR stratified by cancer stage was stage 0 1, stage I 5, stage II 17, stage III 6, and recurrent 2. The overall LR was 5.5%. Twenty-four patients (77.4%) developed a systemic relapse and 7 (22.6%) patients remained free of recurrent disease at a mean follow-up of 78.1 months. The cancer stage of those remaining disease free was stage 0 1 (100%), stage I 4 (80%), and stage II 2 (11.8%).Conclusions:LR of breast cancer after SSM is not always associated with systemic relapse.     

早期乳腺癌的保乳综合治疗疗效分析

目的　评价早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的疗效。方法　保乳组 92例 ,行保留乳房的肿瘤切除加腋窝淋巴结清扫术 ;对照组 60例 ,行乳癌改良根治术。术后给予放疗、全身化疗和 /或内分泌治疗。结果　平均随访 5 7个月 ,保乳组中无局部复发病例 ,3年生存率为 97.2 % ,5年生存率为 89.3 % ,远隔脏器转移率为 6.5 % ;对照组局部复发 2例 ,3年生存率为 97.5 % ,5年生存率为90 .1% ,远隔脏器转移率为 5 .0 % ,两组各指标对比无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　早期乳腺癌采用保乳综合疗法 ,可以达到与根治术相似的治疗效果 ,可作为首选方法     

110例乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的临床观察

目的探讨乳腺癌保乳手术的临床疗效。方法对我院2002年1月-2008年12月收治的110例乳腺癌保乳手术患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果110例患者术后均恢复良好,随访半年～6年,无一例死亡,无一例局部复发,出现肝及肺转移2例,保乳手术后患者美容效果满意率为83．6％。结论掌握乳腺癌患者保乳的手术指征结合术后的综合治疗,可降低乳腺癌保乳术后局部复发,并取得满意的美容效果。