早期乳腺癌保乳手术探讨

目的 探讨早期乳腺癌保乳手术加放疗治疗效果.方法 分析近6年76例保乳术后加放疗的乳腺癌病人临床资料.结果 76例患者3,5年生存率分别为96.05%,94.8%;3,5年局部复发率分别为5.3%,6.6%;术后3,5年乳房保留率分别为96.05%,93.3%;仅1例胸壁复发,无死亡病例.该复发病例25岁,未婚,保乳愿望强烈,复发后再次行乳房切除及化疗,现健在.术后形体美容效果满意度80.5%.结论 早期乳腺癌采用保乳手术及放射治疗可取得满意结果,规范化的切除和术后放疗、全身综合治疗是保乳治疗成功的关键.     

早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗临床疗效观察

目的:探讨早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的临床治疗效果和对乳房美容效果的影响.方法:回顾分析32例早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料,所有病例均经病理证实,择期在全身麻醉下行保乳手术,术后辅助放疗、化疗及内分泌治疗,评价手术疗效及美容效果.结果:32例保乳术患者均成功进行了手术,术后预后良好,随访5年,无一例死亡,无一例局部复发或出现远处转移,保乳手术后患者美容效果满意率为86.57%.结论:早期乳腺癌患者行保乳综合治疗,临床效果确切可靠,并取得满意的美容效果.     

保留乳房的乳腺癌改良根治术治疗早期乳腺癌的临床观察

目的探讨保留乳房的乳腺癌根治术治疗早期乳腺癌的疗效。方法对22例早期乳腺癌患者行保乳手术治疗，术后并行辅助放疗、化疗等综合治疗。结果全组随访6～48个月，无局部复发和远处转移，3年生存率100％（17／17）。结论对早期乳腺癌行保乳手术疗效满意，严格掌握手术指征，规范的切除和术后放疗、化疗等综合治疗是保乳手术治疗成功的关键。     

保乳手术加综合治疗治疗乳腺癌的临床研究

目的　探讨保乳手术加综合治疗乳腺癌的手术适应证、治疗方法和疗效。方法　对 46例I～IIb 期乳腺癌施行保乳手术加术后放疗、化疗及内分泌治疗等综合治疗 (保乳组 ) ;并与同期施行改良根治术加综合治疗的 5 0例I～IIb 期乳腺癌 (对照组 )进行对比。两组患者术后均随访 0 .5～ 14年 ,平均 4年。结果　保乳组 46例双侧乳房乳头基本对称、外形丰满 ,外观优良。保乳组、对照组的平均手术时间分别为 (14 3 .7± 2 1.6)min ,(181.9± 16.0 )min ;术中平均出血量分别为 (2 42± 73 )ml ,(3 76± 5 6)ml ,手术并发症率分别为 15 .2 %,3 4.0 %;保乳组均优于对照组 (均P <0 .0 5 )。保乳组 3 ,5 ,10年期生存率分别是 96.8%,88.9%,85 .7%,总局部复发率是 6.5 %;对照组 3 ,5 ,10年期生存率分别是 97.1%,89.5 %,87.5 %,总局部复发率是 4.0 %。两组生存率和复发率比较差异无显著性(均P >0 .0 5 )。结论　临床早期乳腺癌采用保乳手术加综合治疗可以取得满意的临床疗效 ,可作为早期乳腺癌的首选治疗方法。     

早期乳腺癌保乳手术与改良根治术的临床疗效及生活质量比较

目的:比较保乳手术与改良根治术治疗早期乳腺癌的临床效果及生活质量。方法:回顾性分析2004年4月—2007年4月经保乳手术治疗的95例(保乳组)早期乳腺癌患者临床资料,并与同期行改良根治术95例(改良组)早期乳腺癌患者进行对比。结果:保乳组与改良组的局部复发率、转移率、生存率间无统计学差异(P>0.05);保乳组和改良组乳房外观美学效果"优良"率分别为93.7%和0(P<0.05);保乳组术后5年存活患者生活质量评分亦明显高于改良组(83.66±3.70 vs.73.07±4.85)(P<0.05)。结论:对于早期乳腺癌,保乳手术在获得与改良根治术相同疗效的同时,能明显改善患者术后的生活质量;掌握好保乳手术适应证、规范的手术切除和术后个体化综合治疗是手术成功的关健。     

86例早期乳腺癌的保乳手术疗效评价

目的：探讨早期乳腺癌保乳手术治疗的适应证及方法。方法：回顾性分析86例Ⅰ、Ⅱa期乳腺癌实施保乳手术及综合治疗的资料。结果：保乳术后病侧乳房外形均较好，两侧乳房基本对称，术后5年复发率为5．2％，5年生存率为96．5％。结论：早期乳腺癌的保乳手术治疗安全、疗效确切，但必须正确掌握手术指征及合理的切除范围，同时要保证术后的综合治疗及严格的随访制度。     

早期乳腺癌的保乳综合治疗疗效分析

目的　评价早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的疗效。方法　保乳组 92例 ,行保留乳房的肿瘤切除加腋窝淋巴结清扫术 ;对照组 60例 ,行乳癌改良根治术。术后给予放疗、全身化疗和 /或内分泌治疗。结果　平均随访 5 7个月 ,保乳组中无局部复发病例 ,3年生存率为 97.2 % ,5年生存率为 89.3 % ,远隔脏器转移率为 6.5 % ;对照组局部复发 2例 ,3年生存率为 97.5 % ,5年生存率为90 .1% ,远隔脏器转移率为 5 .0 % ,两组各指标对比无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　早期乳腺癌采用保乳综合疗法 ,可以达到与根治术相似的治疗效果 ,可作为首选方法     

早期乳腺癌保乳治疗32例疗效分析

目的探讨Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗的疗效及相关技术,为普及早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2003年2月～2010年12月32例行保乳手术治疗乳腺癌患者的相关资料,对肿瘤采取局部扩大切除并进行腋窝淋巴结清扫,术后辅以放疗、化疗或内分泌治疗。结果所有患者随访12～82个月,无局部复发及远处转移,乳房美容评定标准进行评价,符合优良标准31例（96.9%）,符合差标准1例（3.1%）。结论早期乳腺癌保乳综合治疗创伤小、疗效确切、形体改变少、能提高生存质量,值得进一步临床开展及推广。     

早期乳腺癌保乳手术的疗效分析

目的探讨早期乳腺癌的保乳手术方法和疗效。方法收集济宁医学院附属第一人民医院2000年8月至2006年8月期间进行保乳手术治疗的45例早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料,分析其手术治疗效果。按照Rose标准,对接受保乳手术的患者进行美容效果评价。结果全部保乳患者随访时间为6～48个月,中位随访时间18个月,无一例出现肿瘤复发和转移。术后美容效果：优35例,良8例,尚可2例,差0例,以优、良和尚可作为可接受标准,其可接受度为100%。结论有保乳意愿的早期乳腺癌患者,排除了手术禁忌证,可行保乳手术,结合术后综合治疗,可取得良好的治疗和美容效果。     

重视保乳手术在乳腺癌治疗中的地位

自从1973年Fisher进行NSABP B-06试验研究保乳手术的可行性以来,在西方发达国家以保乳手术替代改良根治术作为早期乳腺癌的标准术式已成为趋势.从20世纪80年代开始,全球关于保乳手术加放疗治疗早期乳腺癌的前瞻性研究都得出了相同的结论,即采用保乳手术加术后放疗等综合治疗早期乳腺癌的长期生存率和局部复发率与根治手术相同,保留乳房美观效果优良率为52%～95%,手术范围的扩大并不能使其生存率得到提高,反而生存质量下降[1].     

保乳手术确定标本边缘的探讨

目的 探讨保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术如何确定标本边缘.方法 选择符合保留乳房标准的乳腺癌111例,实施保乳手术,手术标本边缘按照肿瘤周围1cm正常组织切除.术后根据病理、临床分期制定个体化的综合治疗,定期随访患者局部和全身情况.结果 111例乳腺癌符合保乳手术治疗标准,实施了保乳手术治疗并能接受定期随访,1例出现局部区域复发.结论 按照肿瘤周围1cm正常组织切除,取其左、右、上、下、基底5个面作冰冻切片,证实标本边缘无肿瘤浸润.绝大多数患者可获满意的美容效果,提高了早期乳腺癌患者的生存质量.     

早期乳腺癌保乳手术与改良根治术的对比研究

目的探讨保乳手术与改良根治术对早期乳腺癌的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析86例早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料,比较两组患者术后生存率、复发率、转移率及焦虑和对美容效果的满意度。结果改良根治术和保乳手术后患者的3、5、10年生存率、复发率和转移率差异无统计学意义,而保乳手术组患者术后1年的焦虑情况显著低于改良根治术组,美容效果显著优于改良根治术组。结论保乳手术能够取得与改良根治术相似的治疗效果和远期疗效,且能够满足女性形体美的要求,患者的满意度高,值得临床推广应用。     

Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳手术与改良根治术临床疗效对比研究

目的：探讨保乳手术与改良根治术治疗Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的临床疗效差异。方法：系统回顾2000年1月—2009年1月我院肿瘤外科收治的45例接受保乳手术的乳腺癌患者的临床资料,将其与同时期接受改良根治术的120例乳腺癌患者进行对比,比较2组患者在术后早期并发症、生存率、术后局部复发及远处转移、术后美容效果和生活质量方面的差异。结果：乳腺癌患者术后早期并发症主要为皮下积液、皮瓣坏死和患侧上肢水肿,此方面2组患者差异无统计学意义;术后复发、远处转移率和生存期2组患者的差异亦无统计学意义;而保乳手术术后美容效果和生活质量显著优于改良根治术,二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：保乳手术和改良根治术在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者的术后早期并发症、生存率、术后复发和远处转移方面无明显差异,而在术后美容效果和生活质量方面,保乳手术明显优于改良根治术。保乳手术是Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的最佳手术方式。     

The quality of early-stage breast cancer care

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether recent practice has improved, the authors created detailed, evidence-based guidelines and assessed the quality of early-stage breast cancer care at four hospitals in the metropolitan New York area. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Adjuvant treatments for early-stage breast cancer have been shown to improve health and longevity. However, reports from the 1980s showed marked underuse of these therapies. METHODS: All 723 women with early-stage breast cancer who had a definitive surgical procedure at four participating hospitals in the Mount Sinai-NYU Health System between April 1994 and August 1996 were included. Inpatient and outpatient records were abstracted. RESULTS: Fifty-nine percent of women underwent breast-conserving surgery, of whom 81% received radiation therapy. Hospital-specific radiation therapy rates varied from 69% to 87%. Seventy-eight percent of women with stage 1B or greater cancer received systemic treatment, with hospital-specific rates varying from 71% to 86%. Between 18% and 33% of women who could have benefited from local or systemic adjuvant treatments did not receive them. The risk of not getting a beneficial adjuvant treatment varied more than twofold by the hospital where the breast cancer surgery was performed. CONCLUSIONS: The hospital where breast cancer surgery is performed is associated with the likelihood that women receive effective local and systemic adjuvant treatments. Surgeons and members of hospital quality improvement programs should encourage multidisciplinary approaches to breast cancer care.     

The influence of gender of the surgeon on surgical procedure preference for breast cancer

There are few data in the literature with regard to the influence of surgeon gender and the treatment of breast cancer. In this retrospective review we propose to test the hypothesis that male surgeons are just as likely as female surgeons to provide breast-conservative treatment. From 1990 through 1997 2271 women with breast cancer in Cincinnati, Ohio were operated on by surgeons within the TriHealth Corporation. We compared the performance rate of breast conservation therapy (BCT) with the rate of mastectomy in early-stage breast cancer patients between male and female surgeons. Male surgeons were significantly more likely to provide their patients with breast-conserving treatment than their female colleagues for stages 0 and IIb (P < 0.05). Although male surgeons performed more BCT than female surgeons for stages I and IIa the difference was not statistically significant. For the three stages combined there was a 30 per cent greater chance of a patient receiving breast-conserving treatment if she went to a male surgeon (P < 0.05). We conclude that in our institution male surgeons are no more likely to select mastectomy than their female colleagues and there appears to be an increased use of BCT by male surgeons.     

Changing practices in the surgical treatment of breast cancer in Japan: A nationwide survey by the Japanese Breast Cancer Society

A nationwide survey in Japan of the patients with primary breast cancer from 1989 to 1991 revealed marked changes in the surgical treatment of the disease. During this period, there was a significant trend toward fewer instances of radical and extended radical mastectomies, and an increase in modified radical mastectomies and breast-conserving surgery. The percentage of breast-conserving surgery for the early-stage disease increased from 6.8% to 12.7%. Among the types of operations for breast-conserving surgery, quadrantectomy was used for 51.5% of the cases, while either a partial mastectomy or a subcutaneous mastectomy was used for 18.2% and 18.9%, respectively; a lumpectomy was performed in 10.9% of the cases. As for the proportion of patients receiving radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery, 77% of those undergoing lumpectomy received radiation in contrast to only 43% of the patients undergoing quadrantectomy. According to the data from 1991, we also found that breast-conserving surgery was performed more often in larger cities and urban areas in Japan. As a result, we found that substantial changes in the treatment of localized breast cancer had taken place from 1989 to 1991. Regarding the details of breast-conserving surgery, however, some variation still remains in spite of the publication of numerous clinical trials.     

保乳手术与改良根治术对早期乳腺癌患者预后及生活质量的临床观察

目的 比较保乳手术与改良根治术对早期乳腺癌(临床I、Ⅱ期)患者的预后及生活质量的差别.方法 回顾我院诊治的180例早期乳腺癌,分为保乳组与改良组,各90例.2组术后均按适应证进行放疗、化疗及内分泌治疗,观察其预后及生活质量的差别.结果 患者均术后随访5年,2组的无病生存期差异无统计学意义,但保乳组的生活质量(总体健康、生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、活力、社会功能、情感职能及精神健康)明显高于改良组.结论 对早期乳腺癌患者应用保乳手术治疗,效果理想,且能取得良好的美容效果,提高生活质量,临床可积极应用.     

保乳手术治疗高龄乳腺癌患者的临床分析

目的:探讨保乳手术治疗早期高龄乳腺癌患者的临床效果。方法:筛选114例早期高龄(≥60岁)乳腺癌患者,随机分为乳腺癌局部扩大泛切除术组,即保乳手术组(57例)和传统乳腺癌根治术组(57例),分析比较两组的围手术期观察指标和临床疗效。结果:保乳手术围手术期的出血量和总引流量少,引流管拔除时间短,与传统手术组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);保乳手术组美容效果优良率为94.74%,远高于传统手术组(3.51%);保乳手术组与传统手术组在局部复发率、远处转移率和生存率等方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:保乳手术联合术后辅助治疗,对老年乳腺癌患者机体损伤小、恢复快,可满足患者的美学要求,因此,保乳手术联合术后辅助治疗的方案可在早期老年乳腺癌患者中推广。     

Breast-Conservation Treatment Outcomes: A Community Hospital's Experience

Abstract:  In the United States, the majority of early breast cancer patients choose breast-conserving treatment in the community setting, yet there is a paucity of literature describing outcomes. In this paper, we describe our experience with breast-conserving treatment in a small community hospital. Our hospital tumor registry was used to identify breast cancer cases diagnosed at our hospital between 1997 and 2003. We limited our study to those women with initial attempts at breast-conserving surgery (BCS) who had follow-up oncology treatment at on-campus affiliated oncological services. We looked at factors that influence survival for early stage 0–II disease such as tumor and patient characteristics, completeness of local surgical tumor excision, and adjuvant treatment. We also evaluated the percentage of cases in which the initial BCS did not achieve adequate surgical oncological results and the number and type of subsequent surgeries that were required to achieve this goal. There were 185 cases with a median patient age of 55 and a median follow-up time of 53 months. Most tumors were stage 0–I (68%) or stage II (23%). A single surgery was deemed sufficient to achieve the desired oncological outcome in 54% of cases; the remaining cases (46%) required additional surgeries. A final margin of 5 mm or greater was successfully achieved in 81% of cases. Ninety-two percent of the patients underwent radiotherapy, 65% received hormonal therapy, and 49% underwent chemotherapy. One hundred and sixty one patients had successful breast-conserving surgeries (87%) and 24 patients (13%) ultimately required mastectomy. There were four loco-regional recurrences and 19 deaths during the study period. Our disease-free survival rate for early-stage cancer (stage 0–II) was 91% at 5 years. Our study shows that high-quality patient outcomes for breast-conserving treatment can be achieved in the community setting.