基质金属蛋白酶9及TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白在骨关节炎中的表达

目的 TGF-β1对骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)关节软骨起保护作用,探讨OA中基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP-9)、TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达的相关性,为临床治疗OA寻找有效的干预靶点提供理论依据。方法取自愿捐赠的关节软骨及滑膜标本,其中OA患者60例(实验组),外伤截肢、交叉韧带断裂、盘状软骨损伤与半月板损伤患者20例(正常对照组)。行HE染色观察关节软骨与滑膜的病理组织学改变,免疫组织化学染色观测MMP-9及TGF-β1蛋白表达,原位杂交技术检测MMP-9及TGF-β1 mRNA表达;并进行相关性分析。结果 HE染色显示实验组关节软骨细胞固缩、坏死、排列紊乱,细胞外基质断裂,关节滑膜细胞肥大增生、淋巴细胞和单核细胞浸润,多数小血管增生;正常对照组软骨细胞排列整齐、基质染色均匀,滑膜组织无慢性炎症表现、无明显增生。两组均可见MMP-9、TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白阳性表达,阳性细胞包括软骨细胞、滑膜衬里层细胞及滑膜下层的血管内皮细胞、成纤维细胞、炎性浸润细胞等。实验组MMP-9及TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达均高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。实验组MMP-9 mRNA与蛋白表达成正相关(r=0.924,P=0.000),TGF-β1 mRNA及蛋白表达亦成正相关(r=0.941,P=0.000);实验组MMP-9及TGF-β1蛋白表达成负相关(r=—0.762,P=0.000),MMP-9 mRNA及TGF-β1 mRNA表达成负相关(r=?0.681,P=0.000)。结论 OA中TGF-β1的高表达下调了关节软骨与滑膜中MMP-9的表达,对OA关节软骨起保护作用,从而延缓OA进展。     

基质金属蛋白酶9及TGF-β_1 mRNA和蛋白在骨关节炎中的表达

目的 TGF-β1对骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)关节软骨起保护作用,探讨OA中基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP-9)、TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达的相关性,为临床治疗OA寻找有效的干预靶点提供理论依据。方法取自愿捐赠的关节软骨及滑膜标本,其中OA患者60例(实验组),外伤截肢、交叉韧带断裂、盘状软骨损伤与半月板损伤患者20例(正常对照组)。行HE染色观察关节软骨与滑膜的病理组织学改变,免疫组织化学染色观测MMP-9及TGF-β1蛋白表达,原位杂交技术检测MMP-9及TGF-β1 mRNA表达;并进行相关性分析。结果 HE染色显示实验组关节软骨细胞固缩、坏死、排列紊乱,细胞外基质断裂,关节滑膜细胞肥大增生、淋巴细胞和单核细胞浸润,多数小血管增生;正常对照组软骨细胞排列整齐、基质染色均匀,滑膜组织无慢性炎症表现、无明显增生。两组均可见MMP-9、TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白阳性表达,阳性细胞包括软骨细胞、滑膜衬里层细胞及滑膜下层的血管内皮细胞、成纤维细胞、炎性浸润细胞等。实验组MMP-9及TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达均高于正常对照组(P<0....     

大鼠肝卵圆细胞的电镜观察及SDF-1/CXCR4轴作用研究

目的 本研究通过应用AMD3100封闭卵圆细胞表面CXCR4受体,从而起到抑制趋化因子SDF-1的生物活性,观察大鼠肝卵圆细胞的生长及SDF-1,CXCR4 mRNA表达情况,探讨SDF-1/CXCR4轴在肝卵圆细胞激活、增殖、分化中所起的作用.方法 建立卵圆细胞增殖模型,分为四组,分别为:2-AAF/PH组,AMD3100/PH组,2-AAF/AMD3100/PH组,PH组,重(150±20)g的Wistar大鼠予2-AAF灌喂,联合2/3肝切除,制作卵圆细胞模型,并通过尾静脉注射AMD3100阻断SDF-1的生物学作用,分别在术后的第3、5、7、10、14、21天6个时间点各处死6只大鼠,取肝脏标本行CXCR4和SDF-1 RT-PCR,检测卵圆细胞CXCR4及SDF-1 mRNA的表达情况,并取第10天肝脏透射电镜检查,观察卵圆细胞的超微结构.结果 给予AMD3100抑制SDF-1作用后,肝脏卵圆细胞数量减少,细胞膜受体CXCR4表达下调,同时SDF-1表达也呈下调趋势.结论 抑制SDF-1活性可以在一定程度上减少卵圆细胞的增殖,SDF-1可以通过自分泌或旁分泌途径激活并促进肝卵圆细胞增殖.     

转化生长因子-β1对人软骨细胞基质金属蛋白酶-1mRNA及其阻滞剂mRNA表达的影响

目的观察转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)对人透明软骨细胞基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)及其阻滞剂T(IMP-1)mRNA表达的作用及相关意义,更好地理解骨关节炎软骨损伤的相关机制。方法TGF-β1作用于传代培养的人软骨细胞12h,浓度分别为1ng/mL、10ngm/L、100ng/mL;上述不同浓度TGF-β1与白介素-1β(IL-1β)10ng/mL组成联合作用组,继续培养12h。应用逆转录PCRR(TP-CR)方法及实时荧光定量方法(FQP-CR),检测TGF-β1及其与IL-1β联合作用于传代培养的人透明软骨细胞MMP-1、TIMP-1mRNA表达的含量。结果正常对照组透明软骨细胞可见MMP-1、TIMP-1mRNA扩增产物,而实验组TGF-β11ng/mL、10ng/mL、100ngm/L作用于透明软骨细胞12h后,MMP-1mRNA表达逐渐降低,TIMP-1mRNA表达逐渐增高;TGF-β1与IL-1β联合作用后,随着TGF-β1浓度的升高,MMP-1mRNA表达逐渐降低,TIMP-1mRNA表达逐渐增高,各组之间差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。提示TGF-β1与MMP-1、TIMP-1mRNA表达之间存在剂量依赖关系。结论不同浓度TGF-β1按照剂量依赖方式抑制人软骨细胞MMP-1mRNA基因的表达,刺激人软骨细胞TIMP-1mRNA基因表达;TGF-β1具有对抗IL-1β对人软骨细胞MMP-1、TIMP-1mRNA表达的作用,也呈现剂量依赖关系。研究结果对揭示骨关节炎的发病机理,指导其治疗具有积极意义。     

基质细胞源性因子-1α/CXC趋化因子受体-4轴经PI3K/Akt通路对胃癌细胞CD133表达的调控作用

目的 观察胃癌中基质细胞源性因子-1α/CXC趋化因子受体-4(SDF-1α/CXCR4)轴经由PI3K/Akt信号通路对下游分子CD133表达及其活性的影响.方法 免疫细胞化学染色检测胃癌KATO -Ⅲ细胞株中CXCR4、Akt、p-Akt及CD133的表达.分别用SDF-1α、AMD3100及LY294002作用于胃癌KATO -Ⅲ细胞株,半定量酶链聚合反应(PCR)检测CXCR4 mRNA和CD133mRNA的表达变化,蛋白免疫印迹法检测CXCR4、Akt、p-Akt及CD133蛋白的表达变化.结果 免疫细胞化学染色证实KATO -Ⅲ细胞呈CXCR4、Akt、p-Akt及CD133阳性表达.SDF-1α组中,CXCR4蛋白(0.980±0.083)、p-Akt蛋白(0.770±0.071)及CD133蛋白(0.890±0.078)表达与对照组(0.750±0.042、0.680±0.038、0.720±0.034)比较明显增高(P＜0.05).与对照组(0.540±0.036、0.520±0.034)比较,CD133 mRNA(0.890±0.061)表达明显增高(P＜0.05).AMD3100组与对照组(0.750±0.042、0.680±0.038、0.720 ±0.034)比较,CXCR4蛋白(0.430±0.055)、p-Akt蛋白(0.350±0.050)及CD133蛋白(0.110±0.060)表达显著下降(P＜0.05).LY294002组中,p-Akt蛋白(0.100 ±0.033)、CD133蛋白(0.440±0.055)表达与对照组(0.680±0.038、0.720±0.034)比较显著下降(P＜0.05).同时,与对照组(0.540±0.036)比较,CD133mRNA(0.310±0.021)表达差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 刺激或抑制SDF-1α/CXCR4轴可经由PI3K/Akt信号通路上调或下调CD133表达.     

基质金属蛋白酶家族在骨关节炎软骨组织中表达的研究

[目的]观察骨关节炎关节软骨中MMP-7、MMP-9、MMP-13和TIMP-1的表达,探讨其与软骨退变的关系及可能的作用机制。[方法]选取20例因骨关节炎行关节置换的软骨组织,常规HE染色观察其组织学形态,ABC免疫组化法观察关节软骨MMP-7、MMP-9、MMP-13和TIMP-1的表达,2例因意外受伤截肢患者的正常膝关节软骨标本作为对照。统计采用Mann-Whitney U非参数检验及相关分析。[结果]骨关节炎关节软骨出现裂隙、纤维化,软骨细胞增多、排列紊乱,并出现大量簇聚软骨细胞和肥大软骨细胞。MMP-7和MMP-13在正常软骨全层均呈低表达,但在退变软骨中的表达则明显增多,光密度值行U检验,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01)。在正常与OA软骨的浅层,MMP-9和TIMP-1的表达无显著性差异(P>0.05);但在深层软骨中,OA软骨MMP-9和TIMP-1的表达较正常软骨明显增多,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01)。[结论]MMP-7,13在OA软骨全层表达均多于正常软骨;MMP-9,13仅在OA软骨深层出现过多表达。MMPs与TIMPs的失衡是导致关节软骨发生组织学退变的原因之一。     

CXCR4受体拮抗剂在骨性关节炎软骨退变中的作用

趋化因子SDF-1及其受体CXCR4分别属于CXCR类趋化因子和G蛋白偶联受体超家族,近年来研究表明,SDF-1/CXCR4信号通路与骨性关节炎软骨退变机制密切相关,CXCR4受体拮抗剂能阻止SDF-1与CXCR4结合,进而阻断该信号通路,防止骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)软骨的退变。本文就CXCR4受体拮抗剂防治OA软骨退变的作用研究现状进行综述,为OA的防治找到新的靶向药物。     

SDF-1/CXCR4介导体外冲击波促进大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的黏附、迁移作用

目的探讨体外冲击波(extracorporeal shock wave,ESW)对大鼠骨间充质干细胞(marrow mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)黏附、迁移及成骨分化的影响及SDF-1/CXCR4通路在其中的作用。方法体外试验分四组:空白对照组(Ctrl组)、冲击波组(ESW组)及CXCR4特异性抑制剂AMD3100对照组(AMD组),采用最适宜能力ESW(500脉冲次数、10 kV)处理MSCs,通过黏附率、划痕试验、Transwell试验对比MSCs黏附及迁移能力的差别,通过ELISA检测SDF-1分泌表达及蛋白免疫印迹法检测CXCR4的表达,研究SDF-1/CXCR4通路的作用;体内试验则选取12周龄SD大鼠48只,随机分成Ctrl、ESW及AMD 3组各16只,采用右侧股骨中段骨缺损模型,各组骨缺损处植入载有该组细胞的PLGA支架,AMD组术后接受AMD3100注射(1 mg/kg/day),于术后第4、8周取材,通过HE染色评估骨缺损区域的骨愈合及新生骨形成情况。结果 ESW明显增加了MSCs的SDF-1分泌量及CXCR4受体表达,促进了MSCs的黏附、迁移及骨缺损的愈合,AMD3100可部分抑制ESW此促进作用。结论 ESW可促进MSCs的黏附、迁移能力,并促进骨缺损区域的骨愈合,其分子机制与分泌型蛋白SDF-1及其受体CXCR4的表达相关,此结果为ESW在促进骨愈合治疗中的临床应用提供了理论基础。     

微小RNA-27b-3p与基质金属蛋白酶13在人软骨细胞的对应关系

目的探讨微小RNA-27b-3p(miR-27b-3p)与基质金属蛋白酶-13(MMP-13)在人软骨细胞表达及其靶向对应关系。 方法运用蛋白质印迹法(WB)与实时定量PCR技术(qRT-PCR)明确miR-27b-3p与MMP13在正常和骨关节炎(OA)人软骨细胞的表达。利用不同浓度的白介素(IL)1β干预原代人软骨细胞24 h,或利用不同时间点的IL-1β(10 ng/ml)干预原代人软骨细胞。利用原位杂交、转染及双荧光素酶报告技术确定miR-27b-3p与MMP13的靶向对应关系;结合运用核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路抑制剂评估其作用机制。两组资料比较采用独立样本t检验,多组资料比较采用单因素方差分析,LSD法多重比较检验。 结果WB、qRT-PCR和原位杂交检测结果显示,与正常软骨相比,OA软骨中miR-27b-3p表达降低(t＝5.07,P<0.01),MMP13表达升高(t＝－6.31,P<0.01)。IL-1β干扰后的结果显示miR-27b-3p表达降低(F＝129.54,P<0.05),MMP-13表达升高(F＝394.50,P<0.05)。通过TargetScan数据库和荧光素酶报告基因检测结果分析,野生型-MMP13组荧光素酶活性降低(F＝55.27,P<0.001),突变型-MMP-13荧光素酶活性变化没有统计学意义(P＝0.654)。利用特异性MAPK信号抑制剂和NF-kB抑制剂干预IL-1β诱导软骨细胞模型结果提示,与对照组相比,抑制剂组的MMP13表达水平降低(F＝28.43,P<0.001),miR-27b-3p表达水平增高(F＝35.04,P<0.001)。 结论miR-27b-3p在OA软骨细胞呈现低表达,并负向调控MMP13的表达,其作用机制可能是通过NF-κB和MAPK信号通路,这结果提示这miR-27b-3p可能作为OA诊断与治疗的潜在靶点。     

AMD3100抑制胰腺癌细胞增殖和侵袭的体外实验

目的 探讨CXCR4 特异性受体阻滞剂AMD3100 对胰腺癌细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响及其可能的作用机制.方法 用CCK-8 检测经不同浓度AMD3100 处理后人胰腺癌细胞株SW1990 的增殖.Matrigel 胶铺设的transwell 小室检测经AMD3100 处理后SW1990 的侵袭能力.RT-PCR 法检...     

Synovectomy reduces stromal-cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) which is involved in the destruction of cartilage in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

We have compared the concentrations of stromal-cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-9 and MMP-13 in serum before and after synovectomy or total knee replacement (TKR). We confirmed the presence of SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 in the synovium and articular cartilage by immunohistochemistry. We established chondrocytes by using mutant CXCR4 to block the release of MMPs. The level of SDF-1 was decreased 5.1- and 6.7-fold in the serum of patients with OA and RA respectively, after synovectomy compared with that before surgery. MMP-9 and MMP-13 were decreased in patients with OA and RA after synovectomy. We detected SDF-1 in the synovium and the bone marrow but not in cartilage. CXCR4 was detected in articular cartilage. SDF-1 increased the release of MMP-9 and MMP-13 from chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. The mutant CXCR4 blocked the release of MMP-9 and MMP-13 from chondrocytes by retrovirus vector. Synovectomy is effective in patients with OA or RA because SDF-1, which can regulate the release of MMP-9 and MMP-13 from articular chondrocytes for breakdown of cartilage, is removed by the operation.     

SDF-1/CXCR4信号轴调控骨髓间充质干细胞向哮喘小鼠肺组织的迁移

目的：探讨基质细胞衍生因子-1（SDF-1）/CXCR4轴在外源性骨髓间充质干细胞（MSC）向哮喘模型小鼠肺组织迁移的作用.方法：无菌条件下取GFP转基因小鼠骨髓MSC,体外扩增,鉴定.采用Transwell培养系统,观察0、50、100、150和200 ng/ml SDF-1和CXCR4阻断剂AMD3100对MSC体外定向迁移的影响.取60只雌性BALB/c小鼠,随机分为6组（n=10）：PBS非哮喘组、MSC非哮喘组、PBS哮喘组、MSC哮喘组、SDF-1处理哮喘组、AMD3100处理哮喘组.哮喘组采用哮喘致敏液0.2 ml（含100 μg卵白蛋白）致敏,并使用卵白蛋白雾化吸入激发哮喘.非哮喘组在致敏和激发时均予以PBS处理.MSC处理组于哮喘激发前移植外源性MSC.SDF-1处理哮喘组在MSC移植前气管内注入SDF-1,AMD3100处理哮喘组注入AMD3100预先孵育的MSC.PBS哮喘组注射等量的PBS液.采用Westernablot和RT-PCR方法检测肺组织中SDF-1的表达水平,通过荧光显微镜观察表达GFP的外源性MSC在哮喘小鼠肺组织中的分布情况,比较SDF-1和CXCR4阻断剂AMD3100干预对MSC向肺组织迁移的影响.结果：Transwell实验显示MSC的迁移水平与SDF-1（0~150军ng/ml）成浓度依赖性.与正常小鼠比较,哮喘小鼠肺组织SDF-1表达增强.与MSC非哮喘组比较,MSC哮喘组小鼠肺部有更多MSC聚集.在哮喘肺组织中增加外源性SDF-1能够促进MSC向肺组织迁移.通过AMD3100阻断MSC的CXCR4可以明显减少MSC向肺组织的迁移水平.结论：SDF-1/CXCR4轴参与了MSC迁移到哮喘小鼠肺组织的过程.     

基质细胞衍生因子-1及其受体CXCR4对结肠癌肝转移潜能的影响

目的 探讨趋化因子基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)及其受体CXCR4对结肠癌肝转移潜能的影响.方法 采用Western-blot法检测不同结肠癌细胞株中CXCR4蛋白及不同组织中SDF-1蛋白的表达,MTT法检测SDF-1及抗CXCR4单抗对结肠癌细胞HT-29增殖能力的影响,体外趋化实验检测HT-29细胞定向迁移能力的变化.建立裸鼠结肠癌肝转移瘤模型,观察CXCR4特异性拮抗剂AMD3100对裸鼠肝转移率和转移瘤数目的 影响.结果 HT-29细胞表达较高强度的CXCR4蛋白,而肝组织表达高强度的SDF-1蛋白.与对照组相比,SDF-1可以诱导HT-29细胞增殖(0.76±0.11 vs0.38±0.06,P<0.05),抗CXCR4单抗对SDF-1的诱导增殖具有显著的抑制作用(0.42±0.08 vs0.76±0.11,P<0.05);SDF-1可促进HT-29细胞的趋化迁移,抗CXCR4单抗可显著抑制SDF-1诱导下HT-29细胞的迁移能力(104.6±18.3 vs 148.8±26.2,P<0.05).AMD3100治疗组裸鼠结肠癌肝转移率显著低于对照组(40% vs 100%,P<0.05),平均瘤结节数目显著低于对照组(7.8±2.6 vs 22.4±8.6,P<0.05).结论 SDF-1/CXCR4生物轴参与了结肠癌肝转移过程,拮抗CXCR4功能可抑制裸鼠结肠癌肝转移,其机制与抑制CXCR4能够有效阻断结肠癌细胞在SDF-1诱导下的细胞增殖和定向迁移有关.     

CXCR4 antagonist delivery on decellularized skin scaffold facilitates impaired wound healing in diabetic mice by increasing expression of SDF‐1 and enhancing migration of CXCR4‐positive cells

C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an alpha‐chemokine receptor specific for stromal cell‐derived factor 1 (SDF‐1 also called CXCL12). The antagonist of CXCR4 can mobilize CD34+ cells and hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow within several hours, and it has an efficacy on diabetes ulcer through acting on the SDF‐1/CXCR4 axis. In this study, we investigated for the first time whether the antagonist of CXCR4 (Plerixafor/AMD3100) delivered on acellular dermal matrix (ADM) may accelerate diabetes‐impaired wound healing. ADM scaffolds were fabricated from nondiabetic mouse skin through decellularization processing and incorporated with AMD3100 to construct ADM‐AMD3100 scaffold. Full‐thickness cutaneous wound in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic mice were treated with ADM, AMD3100, or ADM‐AMD3100. 21 days after treatment, wound closure in ADM‐AMD3100‐treated mice was more complete than ADM group and AMD3100 group, and it was accompanied by thicker collagen formation. Correspondingly, diabetic mice treated with ADM‐AMD3100 demonstrated prominent neovascularization (higher capillary density and vascular smooth muscle actin), which were accompanied by up‐regulated mRNA levels of SDF‐1 and enhanced migration of CXCR4 in the granulation tissue. Our results demonstrate that ADM scaffold provide perfect niche for loading AMD3100 and ADM‐AMD3100 is a promising method for diabetic wound healing mainly by increasing expression of SDF‐1 and enhancing migration of CXCR4‐positive cells.     

乳腺癌间质成纤维细胞对MDA-MB-231种植肿瘤生长和转移的影响及其机理探讨

目的通过裸鼠接种方式进行体内实验,观察乳腺癌间质成纤维细胞（CAFs）对种植肿瘤生长和转移的影响,并探讨其作用机理。方法选择MDA．MB．231乳腺癌细胞系细胞（简称MDA）、乳腺癌患者的CAFs和癌旁正常乳腺组织的正常成纤维细胞（NFs）,结合不同的试剂,包括生理盐水（NS）、基质细胞衍生因子-1（SDF-1）配体拈抗剂1,4,8,11．四氮杂环十四烷（AMD3100,简称AMD）,组合成以下6种处理：MDA＋NS、NFs＋NS、MDA＋NFs＋NS、MDA＋NFs＋AMD、MDA＋CAFs＋AMD及MDA＋CAFs＋NS。将36只Bal b／c无胸腺裸小鼠按配伍随机方法分成6组,分别接受上述处理。将细胞悬液接种于裸鼠,接种后饲养46d处死,观察种植肿瘤的大小,有无淋巴结、肺及肝脏转移。采用ELISA法检测6组裸鼠的血浆SDF-1浓度,采用real-timePCR法检测6组裸鼠肿瘤组织中的SDF．1mRNA水平,采用Westernblot法检测6组裸鼠肿瘤组织中SDF-1蛋白的表达水平。结果除NFs＋NS组外,其余5组均有种植肿瘤形成。MDA＋CAFs＋NS组裸鼠的种植肿瘤体积[（9．092±2．662）cm3]、血浆SDF．1浓度[（75．25±16．23）ng／L]、肿瘤组织中SDF-1 mRNA（中位数为14．714）及其蛋白（中位数为0．673）的表达水平均最高,与其他5组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．050）。6组裸鼠的肝和肺组织均未见转移灶。但MDA＋CAFs＋NS组有4只、MDA＋NS组有2只裸鼠存在腋窝淋巴结转移,其他组均未发现腋窝淋巴结转移。结论乳腺癌CAFs对乳腺癌的生长起促进作用,且可促进肿瘤淋巴结的转移;其作用可能是通过乳腺癌CAFs分泌SDF-1,与其特定的受体即趋化因子受体4（cxcR4）结合来实现的。     

SDF-1/CXCR4轴在骨髓间充质干细胞移植促进胰岛再生中的作用

目的 观察同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)移植入受体后,基质细胞衍生因子(SDF)-1/CXCR4轴在促进残存胰岛及其周围新生血管增殖中的作用.方法 对大鼠MSCs进行体外培养、鉴定.链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠随机分为A组(MSCs移植组)、B组(MSCs移植+SDF-I/CXCR4轴阻断剂AMD组)和C组(糖尿病对照组),另设D组(正常大鼠对照组).移植MSCs后第30天取出各组大鼠胰腺和血清,胰腺组织采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色和免疫组织化学法观察CD31、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、胰腺干细胞标志物(PDX)-1在胰腺组织的表达水平.血糖仪检测血糖水平、放免法检测胰岛素水平、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测SDF-1水平.结果 (1)A组残存胰岛周围可见新生血管,CD31、PCNA、PDX-1染色阳性率分别为(71.2±5.3)%、(76.5±4.5)%、(69.8±6.7)%;B组残存胰岛周围基本未见新生血管,CD31、PCNA、PDX-1染色阳性率分别为(7.4±2.1)%、(5.5±3.7)%、(8.8±2.9)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)移植后第25天,A组血糖浓度基本正常,低于B组和C组,而胰岛素水平明显高于B组和C组(P＜0.05).(3)A组与B组血清SDF-1水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但都明显高于C组(P＜0.05).结论 MSCs促进胰岛再生和新生血管形成,AMD3100能抑制MSCs的作用,进而提示SDF-1/CXCR4轴在胰岛再生和血管形成中具有重要作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the role of stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4axis in recipients' remnant islets regeneration and neovascularization after the transplantation of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods MSCs were isolated from SD rats, cultured in vitro and identified by testing the phenotypes with flow cytometry ( FCM ). The diabetic rats induced by streptozotozin were randomly divided into group A ( MSCs transplant group), group B ( MSCs transplant +AMD group) and group C ( DM control group). Group D serve as the normal control. The pancreata were removed and blood serum was retrieved from each group simultaneously at the 13th day after MSCs transplant. The expression of CD31, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and PDX-1 in each group of pancreas tissue was detected by using immunohistochemistry, and the morphological changes in the isletswere observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining. Serum glucose and insulin levels were determined by blood glucose monitor, radioimmunoscintigraphy, and SDF-1 in serum was by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Neovascularization was observed in the remnant islets of the recipient pancreatic tissue and CD31 -positive cells (71.2 ± 5.3 ) %, PCNA-positive cells ( 76. 5 ± 4. 5 ) %, PDX-1-positive cells (69. 8 ±6. 7)% were highly expressed in group A. As compared with group A, seldom-positive cells[CD31 (7.4±2. 1)%, PCNA (5.5 ±3.7)% and PDX-1 (8.8 ±2.9)%]and rarely neovascularization were observed in group B (P ＜0. 05 ). Serum glucose level in group A was lower than that in group B and group C, but serum insulin level in group A was significantly higher than that in group B and group C (P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no significant difference between group A and group B in serum SDF-1level ( P ＞ 0. 05 ), but that was higher in groups A and B than in group C ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Obviously, MSCs promote recipient neovascularization surrounding the islets, which enhances the proliferation and regeneration of remnant islets. AMD 3100 has the function of intervening SDF-1/CXCR4 axis,which inhibits the effect of MSCs on promoting islets regeneration. It is suggested that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis may play an important role in vascularization and islets regeneration.     

肝卵圆细胞分化过程中SDF-1／CXCR4生物轴的作用研究

目的探讨肝卵圆细胞的激活、增殖和分化过程中基质细胞衍生因子（stromal cell—deftvedfactor-1，SDF-1）及其受体（CXCR4）生物轴的作用机制。方法在三个对照组（2／3肝部分切除组；2/3肝部分切除组及AMD3100预处理组、2/3部分肝切除与二乙酰氨基芴和AMD3100预处理组）的参照下。用光镜与透射电镜观察观察雄性Wistar大鼠经2／3部分肝切除十二乙酰氨基芴预处理后不同时间（术后3，5，7，10，14，21d）肝卵圆细胞的数量、形态和分布变化，采用sP免疫组化法检测卵圆细胞CK18、CK19、AFP、CXCR4和SDF-1的表达，用RT-PCR方法测定SDF-1和CXCR4 mRNA表达水平。结果2-AAF／PH组术后3～10d，CK18、CK19、AFP、ADF-1和CXCR4表达阳性的细胞数量逐渐增加，CXCR4和SDF-1阳性表达见于汇管区附近肝小叶内增生的终末小胆管上皮细胞，以及与增生的胆管／终末小胆管在位置上相延续且形态相类似的卵圆细胞；术后10～14d，CKl8、CK19、AFP、ADF-1和CXCR4阳性细胞数达到最高值；之后，开始下降，至21d则下降至最低水平。自术后3dR，SDF-1和CXCR4mRNA表达水平同步升高，10d升高至峰值，较术后3，5，7d差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．01），之后开始下降，至21d则下降到最低水平。结论SDF-1／CXCR4生物轴可能有刺激肝干细胞的活化和促进肝卵圆细胞的增殖作用，趋化因子SDF-1及其受体CXCR4可能是肝卵圆细胞的重要标志物。     

Attenuation of cartilage pathogenesis in post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in mice by blocking the stromal derived factor 1 receptor (CXCR4) with the specific inhibitor,AMD3100

SDF‐1 was found to infiltrate cartilage, decrease proteoglycan content, and increase MMP‐13 activity after joint trauma. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that interference of the SDF‐1/CXCR4 signaling pathway via AMD3100 can attenuate pathogenesis in a mouse model of PTOA. We also tested the predictive and confirmatory power of fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) for cartilage assessment. AMD3100 was continuously delivered via mini‐osmotic pumps. The extent of cartilage damage after AMD3100 or PBS treatment was assessed by histological analysis 2 months after PTOA was induced by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Biochemical markers of PTOA were assessed via immunohistochemistry and in vivo fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT). Regression analysis was used to validate the predictive power of FMT measurements. Safranin‐O staining revealed significant PTOA damage in the DMM/PBS mice, while the DMM/AMD3100 treated mice showed a significantly reduced response with minimal pathology. Immunohistochemistry showed that AMD3100 treatment markedly reduced typical PTOA marker expression in chondrocytes. FMT measurements showed decreased cathepsins and MMP activity in knee joints after treatment. The results demonstrate that AMD3100 treatment attenuates PTOA. AMD3100 may provide a viable and expedient option for PTOA therapy given the drug's FDA approval and well‐known safety profile. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1071–1078, 2015.