双价痢疾菌苗株免疫小鼠后GALT中ASC的观测

为了观测两株菌苗ＦＳＭ－２１１７（Ｉｐａ－）、ＦＳ－５４１６（Ｉｐａ＋）免疫后所引起的肠粘膜相关淋巴组织（ＧＡＬＴ）中的免疫反应，以小鼠灌胃免疫为模型，应用ＢＡ－ＥＬＩＳＰＯＴ法检测了ＧＡＬＴ中诱导部位派伊尔小结（ＰＰ）、肠系膜淋巴结（ＭＬＮ）和抗原特异性抗体分泌细胞（ＡＳＣ），发现两菌苗株免疫小鼠后，ＰＰ结、ＭＬＮ中福氏、宋内氏抗原ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ抗体分泌细胞明显增加，尤以ＳＩｇＡ－ＡＳＣ为甚。株间差别无统计学意义。两株菌苗与对照组相比，都具有显著性差别     

两株双价痢疾菌苗免疫小鼠后GALT中CD4^＋,CD8^＋T细 …

目的 ＦＳＭ－２１７７和ＦＳ－５４１６是两株具有不同生物表型的福氏、宋内氏双价痢疾菌苗株,ＦＳＭ－２１１７无侵袭表型,无溶血活性,不表达侵袭蛋白抗原（Ｉｐａ＾－）,ＦＳ－５４１６则为Ｉｐａ＾＋,本实验是为了观测两株菌苗（Ｉｐａ＾－,Ｉｐａ＾＋）免疫后引起的肠粘膜相关淋巴组织（ＧＡＬＴ）中的细胞免疫反应,以探明痢疾菌苗在肠粘膜的免疫保护机制。方法 以ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠随机分成两组,每组２５只,灌胃免疫     

Th1和Th2细胞在痢疫苗诱导小鼠产生粘膜免疫应答 …

目的 在初步了解ＣＤ４＾＋细胞参与痢疾疫苗诱导小鼠肠粘膜免疫应答的基础上，从细胞及分子水平进一步探索Ｔｈ１和Ｔｈ２细胞在小鼠肠粘膜对痢疾疫苗免疫应答中的调节作用。方法 以本室构建的福氏２ａ及宋内氏双价痢疾疫苗株ＦＳ－２１１７或ＦＳ－５４１６灌胃免疫小鼠，从细胞表型及几种细胞因子ｍＲＮＡ表达水平两方面观察小鼠肠粘膜中Ｐａｙｅｒ氏结（Ｐｅｙｅｒ’ｓ ｐａｔｃｈ，ＰＰ）及肠系膜巴结等免疫诱导部位Ｔｈ１和     

双价痢疾疫苗滴鼻免疫小鼠诱导持续性粘膜与系统免疫反应

用双价痢疾疫苗 (ＦＳＭ 2 117)滴鼻免疫小鼠后 7、30和 90ｄ ,分别观测粘膜和系统免疫反应的变化。疫苗经鼻内免疫后 7ｄ ,诱发鼻咽、肺、胃肠道和生殖道等不同粘膜部位及血清中特异性抗福氏、宋内ＬＰＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ水平显著增高 (Ｐ <0 .0 1) ,而特异性抗体水平在免疫后 30、90ｄ明显下降 ,尤其是胃肠道和鼻咽部粘膜 ,但仍明显高于ＰＢＳ对照组水平 ;疫苗滴鼻免疫后 7ｄ ,小鼠ＮＡＬＴ、ＮＰ和ＰＰ淋巴细胞中ＣＤ3+ Ｔ细胞显著增加 ,其中以ＣＤ4 + Ｔ细胞增加为主 ,脾细胞中Ｂ2 2 + 细胞显著增加 ;4次免疫后 30ｄ ,ＮＡＬＴ、ＮＰ和脾…     

痢疾杆菌口服免疫小鼠肠道相关淋巴组织中CD45R^＋和CD45RB^＋…

为了解肠道相关淋巴细胞（ＧＡＬＴ）对痢疾杆菌口服免疫的应答状况，分离了Ｓｈｉｇｅｌｌａｆｌｅｘｅｒｉ四次免疫后Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠脾（ＳＰ），肠系膜淋巴结（ＭＬＮ），Ｐｅｙｅｒ’ｓ结（ＰＰ），固有膜（ＬＰ）和上皮内（ＩＥ）淋巴细胞，对末次免疫后１～３ｄ内免疫组与对照组ＧＡＬＴ中的ＣＤ４５Ｒ＾＋和ＣＤ４５ＲＢ＾＋细胞群作了ＦＣＳ分析，结果免疫后起动７ｄＩＥ和ＬＰＣＤ４５Ｒ＾＋细胞增加而ＭＬＮ和ＰＰＣＤ４     

TGF—β上调在Wistar大鼠抑制EAMG发生中的重要作用

用ＡＣｈＲ加ＣＦＡ免疫大鼠后，Ｌｅｗｉｓ大鼠出现典型的临床肌无力，而ＷｉｓｔａｒＦｕｒｔｈ（Ｗ．Ｆ）大鼠不出现任何症状。为阐明Ｗ．Ｆ大鼠对ＡＣｈＲ耐受的机制，检测了表达ＩＦＮ－γ、ＩＬ－４和ＴＧＦ－βｍＲＮＡ的ＭＮＣ和肌肉ＡＣｈＲ。结果表明，Ｗ．Ｆ大鼠免疫后第５、７周ＰＩＬＮ中ＡＣｈＲ诱导的ＩＦＮ－γｍＲＮＡ表达细胞数比Ｌｅｗｉｓ大鼠低，ＴＧＦ－βｍＲＮＡ表达细胞数比Ｌｅｗｉｓ大鼠高，肌肉ＡＣｈＲ含量比Ｌｅｗｉｓ大鼠高。提示ＩＦＮ－γ和ＴＧＦ－β与ＥＡＭＧ的发生有关，ＴＧＦ－β上调可抑制ＩＦＮ－γｍＲＮＡ表达，减少肌肉ＡＣｈＲ丢失，进而预防和抑制ＥＡＭＧ发生     

口服痢疾杆菌免疫后小白鼠GALT中L3T4~ 和Lyt2~ 细胞亚群的研究

为探讨福氏痢疾杆菌（Ｆ２ａ）感染后胃肠相关淋巴组织（ＧＡＬＴ）中的免疫应答状况，对口服Ｆ２ａ免疫后，ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠ＧＡＬＴ效应部位上皮内（ＩＥ）和固有膜内（ＬＰ）淋巴细胞表型进行了ＦＡＣＳ分析，并与脾、肠系膜淋巴结（ＭＬＮ）和Ｐｅｙｅｒ结（ＰＰ）中的变化进行了比较。发现脾Ｌ３Ｔ４＋和Ｌｙｔ２＋细胞亚群的变化相对很小；ＭＬＮ中的变化较大，免疫后第４天Ｌ３Ｔ４＋和Ｌｙｔ２＋细胞都明显增加；ＰＰ中的变化明显，于末次免疫后第１天，Ｌｙｔ２＋细胞明显增加；上皮内Ｌ３Ｔ４＋细胞在前１０天内相对增加；固有膜内Ｌ３Ｔ４＋细胞在前７天不断增加，但因Ｌｙｔ２＋在第１天大量增加，Ｌ３Ｔ４＋／Ｌｙｔ２＋在第１天明显变小。这些结果表明：Ｆ２ａ多次口服免疫后，Ｔ细胞免疫应答主要发生于ＧＡＬＴ中；ＰＰ中的变化可能早于ＭＬＮ；ＩＥ可能直接对通过上皮的抗原进行免疫应答；除Ｌ３Ｔ４＋Ｔ细胞外，Ｌｙｔ２＋Ｔ细胞可能在粘膜免疫应答的调节中起着独特而十分重要的作用。     

HIV—1gp120基因及其与IFN—α基因共表达产物的构建和 …

目的 研究细胞因子ＩＦＮ－α在机体免疫应答过程中的免疫佐剂效应。方法 以表达中国流行株ＨＩＶ－１ｇｐ１２０基因的核酸疫苗质粒ｐＧＰ及共表达中国流行株ＨＩＶ－１ｇｐ１２０基因与ＩＦＮ－α基因的核酸疫苗质粒ｐＧＰＩＦＮ－α免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ鼠，用流式细胞仪测定１００００个免疫鼠脾淋巴细胞中ＣＤ４＾＋，ＣＤ８＾＋Ｔ细胞数及ＣＤ４＾＋／ＣＤ８＾＋比值。结果 ｐＧ－ＰＩＦＮ－α与ｐＧＰ比较，ｐＧＰＩＦＮ－α免     

双价痢疾候选疫苗诱导小鼠产生粘膜免疫应答机制的初步研究

目的探讨痢疾疫苗诱导粘膜产生免疫应答的调节机制，为研制安全有效的痢疾疫苗提供免疫学的理论依据。方法以本室构建的两株福氏２ａ、宋内氏双价痢疾候选疫苗ＦＳ－２１１７与ＦＳ－５４１６经不同途径免疫小鼠，分离小鼠ＰＰ结（Ｐｅｙｅｒｓｐａｔｃｈｅｓ）与脾脏中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞并以ＭＴＴ法检测其对疫苗不同抗原成分的增殖反应。结果（１）口服痢疾疫苗可诱导ＰＰ结中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生显著的增殖反应，而未对脾脏中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生刺激作用；（２）皮下注射痢疾疫苗能使小鼠脾脏中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生显著的增殖反应，但未见ＰＰ结中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生明显的免疫应答；（３）痢疾疫苗可能有多种抗原成分参与了刺激肠粘膜ＰＰ结中ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞的增殖反应。结论口服痢疾候选疫苗可有效地诱导肠道粘膜产生免疫应答；免疫应答的产生可能依赖多种抗原成分的共同作用。ＰＰ结中ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞的特异性活化可能是诱导肠道粘膜免疫应答最重要的早期事件。     

CD4+T细胞在痢疾疫苗诱导小鼠肠粘膜免疫应答中的作用

以本室构建的双价痢疾候选疫苗株ＦＳ５４１６ 作为口服免疫原,检测了小鼠ＰＰ 结（Ｐｅｙｅｒ ,ｓ ｐａｔｃｈｅｓ） 中Ｔ 淋巴细胞的体外增殖反应, 观察了腹腔注射抗Ｌ３Ｔ４ ｍ Ａｂ 对小鼠肠粘膜部位产生特异性Ｉｇ 分泌细胞的影响。结果表明：①小鼠口服免疫后,ＰＰ 结中的ＣＤ４ ＋ Ｔ 细胞可产生明显的特异性增殖反应：②选择性地删除ＣＤ４ ＋ Ｔ 细胞后,小鼠肠粘膜无抗原特异性Ｉｇ 分泌细胞产生。以上提示,小鼠肠粘膜对痢疾疫苗的免疫应答需要ＣＤ４ ＋ Ｔ 细胞的参与。     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

侧脑室注射链脲佐菌素对大鼠海马神经元突触的影响

为观察链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)双侧侧脑室注射对大鼠海马神经元突触的影响,本研究将Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,模型组大鼠分别于第1、3d双侧侧脑室重复注射STZ3mg/kg,对照组以人工脑脊液代替STZ。21d后,取大鼠海马,免疫组织化学染色及Western blotting方法观察突触素、活性调节细胞骨架相关蛋白(activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associatedprotein,Arc)的表达;电镜观察海马CA1区神经元突触超微结构的改变。结果显示:与对照组相比,模型组大鼠海马内突触素蛋白表达显著减少,而Arc蛋白表达显著增多;模型组海马CA1区神经毡内突触结构异常,突触小泡聚集增多。以上结果提示:脑室注射STZ可影响大鼠海马突触相关蛋白的表达,引起突触超微结构异常,干扰了神经元突触信号的传导。     

Effect of conditions of culture on quantitative assessment of viability of living tissues

The viability of tissue explants of mouse kidneys, estimated quantitatively by growth in plasma-free culture, was shown to depend on several factors connected with the conditions of culture. The effect of methods of treatment of the serum, pH of the medium, and the character of distribution of the tissue explant during culture, the size of the explants, and the firmness of attachment of the tissue fragments to the substrate on this index was demonstrated.Problem Laboratory, Arkhangel'sk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 11, pp. 629–631, November, 1978.     

社区精神分裂症病人照料者的生活质量研究

通过对９３名精神分裂症患者的家庭照料者与１００名对照者比较研究表明，照料者的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能与经济状况都显著差于对照者。照料者的生活质量与被照料者的病期、病情严重度、整体功能、药物副作用有关；同时，照料者身份为患者母亲者其生活质量受影响最大。     

Evaluation of fungicidal activity of extracellular filtrates of cyanobacteria--possible role of hydrolytic enzymes

A set of seventy axenised and unicyanobacterial isolates belonging to the genus Anabaena were evaluated for biocidal activity against a set of phytopathogenic fungi. Among them, 35 Anabaena strains showed zone of inhibition against one or more fungi. The extracellular filtrates from 4 and 8 weeks old cultures of these Anabaena strains were further evaluated in terms of hydrolytic enzymes, proteins and IAA employing standard methods. Significant differences were also observed among the strains in terms of their FPase, chitosanase and xylanase activity, while low and relatively similar values of CMCase, cellobiase and protease activity were recorded in the strains analyzed. IAA production was also observed in all the strains. Comparative evaluation of activity of hydrolytic enzymes and antifungal activity revealed that such enzymes may contribute to the fungicidal activity of the cyanobacterial strains, besides other bioactive compounds, including IAA, which are established promising traits for biocontrol agents. This study is a first time report on the production of hydrolytic enzymes by these oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes, which can be potential candidates for the development of biocontrol agent(s) against selected phytopathogenic fungi.     

Effect of ultralow doses of thyroliberin on microviscosity of lipid components of biological membranes

Effects of the regulatory peptide thyroliberin on microviscosity of lipid components of endoplasmic reticulum biological membranes in mouse hepatocytes were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. Thyroliberin in a concentration of 10⁻³–10⁻¹⁸ M decreased microviscosity of surface layers of membrane lipids. This decrease was the most pronounced (30%) under effects of 10⁻¹⁰ and 10⁻¹⁶ M thyroliberin. Physiological effects of thyroliberin corresponded to its influence on the membrane structure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 38–40, January, 2000     

Effect of route of antitoxin administration on efficacy of treatment of experimental tetanus

The efficacy of treatment with Diaform-3 antitoxin, given by either intracisternal or intralumbar injection in a dose of 400 i.u./kg, was compared in experiments on 100 rabbits with ascending, hematogenous, and cerebral tetanus caused by injection of 1 c.l.d. of tetanus toxin. Intracisternal injection of the antitoxin was found to be three times more effective than intralumbar (the proportion of animals cured was 31.4 and 10.2% respectively). The latter was effective only in animals with ascending tetanus, evidently because the portal of entry of the toxin into the CNS was along the peripheral nerves of the hind limbs.Central Research Laboratory, L'vov Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 8, pp. 212–213, August, 1978.