射心通胶囊和消心痛胶囊对心绞痛患者血管内皮功能影响的高频超声评价

目的 超声观察射心通胶囊和消心痛胶囊对心绞痛患者肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响。方法 80例心绞痛患者随机分为射心通治疗组和消心痛治疗组，采用高分辨率超声观察治疗前后肱动脉内皮依赖性血管舒张功能。结果 经射心通胶囊和消心痛胶囊治疗2周后，两组患者各自治疗前后比较：在治疗后反映肱动脉内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的参数，如肱动脉加压实验前后的内径百分变化率、血流量百分变化率均较治疗前明显增加，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；两组患者之间比较：在治疗后肱动脉内径百分变化率、血流量百分变化率两组患者之间差异均没有显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 经射心通胶囊和消心痛胶囊治疗后，心绞痛患者的内皮功能明显改善。     

阿托伐他汀与雷米普利联用对血管内皮功能的影响

目的观察阿托伐他汀与雷米普利联用对血管内皮功能的影响。方法155例住院病人在口服肠溶阿司匹林100mg、苯磺酸氨氯地平5mg每日1次及倍他乐克25mg每日2次的基础上随机分为4组治疗。一般治疗组（A组，38例）继续基础治疗；阿托伐他汀组（B组，38例）、雷米普利（C组，38例）和阿托伐他汀与雷米普利联合治疗组（D组，41例）在此基础上分别给予阿托伐他汀10mg每日1次、雷米普利5mg每日1次、阿托伐他汀10mg和雷米普利5mg每日1次，疗程6个月。分别于治疗前和治疗后6个月应用多普勒超声测量肱动脉内径和血流量，比较治疗前与治疗后肱动脉加压前后的血管内径和血流量变化百分率，以此作为评价血管内皮功能的参数。结果治疗后B组、C组、D组与A组相比，D组与B、C组相比肱动脉内径及血流量的变化在加压后有显著的改变，差异有统计学意义（F=553．17、385．90，q=17．77～56．50，P〈0．01）；B组治疗后肱动脉内径及血流量的变化在加压后和C组相比无统计学差异（q=1．58、0．45，P〉0．05）。结论阿托伐他汀和雷米普利均能有效改善血管内皮功能，且两者联合应用作用更为明显。     

超声测定肱动脉内皮舒张功能诊断初诊2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉早期病变的价值

目的探讨超声测定肱动脉血管内皮舒张功能（FMD）诊断下肢动脉血管正常的初诊2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中血管病变的应用价值。方法选取下肢动脉内-中膜厚度（IMT）＜1.0mm的初诊T2DM患者102例（观察组）和健康体检者100例（对照组）,均应用高频彩超测定肱动脉FMD（计算ΔD%）和下肢动脉IMT。结果观察组FMD异常48例（47.1%）,对照组FMD异常9例（9.0%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组与对照组肱动脉舒张末期血管内径和ΔD%比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论高频彩超检测肱动脉FMD可早期发现初诊T2DM患者FMD异常,而这一改变早于下肢动脉IMT改变,是一种早期发现T2DM患者下肢动脉病变的有效方法。     

不同海拔人群肱动脉血管内皮舒张功能检测分析

目的应用彩色多普勒超声方法评价不同海拔人群血管内皮功能。方法采用便携彩色超声诊断仪探头频率7.0～12.0MHz,对1500～3800m以上不同海拔高度1130名部队官兵与职工应用高频彩色多普勒超声检测肱动脉反应性充血前后动脉内径、血流速度、血流量、血管阻力指数（RI）、心率及血流介导血管内皮舒张功能（EDD）等指标。结果随着海拔高度的上升,肱动脉检测的指标均有改变,在高海拔加压后血管内径变窄（P〈0.01）;血流速度减慢;血流量减少;EDD值降低。与低海拔组相比差异有统计学意义。结论不同海拔地区对血管内皮的影响是存在的,尤其在高海拔低氧环境下肱动脉各项指标的改变较大,与高原心血管疾病的发生有较密切的相关性。     

妊娠高血压综合征孕妇所产新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8的水平及临床意义

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-α）、白细胞介素8（interleukin 8,IL-8）在妊娠高血压综合征（pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome,PIH）发病中的作用,分析PIH致胎盘功能不良的原因。方法 35例PIH孕妇,其中妊娠高血压病15例,轻度子痫前期患者10例,重度子痫前期患者10例;35例正常足月无合并症孕妇。用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）测定所有孕妇所产新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8的含量,进行统计分析。结果①PIH组新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8含量较正常妊娠组新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8含量明显升高（P〈0.05）。②与妊娠高血压病组相比,轻度子痫前期组和重度子痫前期组新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8含量升高（P均〈0.05）。重度子痫前期组新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8含量高于轻度子痫前期组（P〈0.05）。③随着PIH病情发展,TNF-α和IL-8的含量均增加,呈正相关。结论 PIH孕妇所产新生儿脐带血中TNF-α、IL-8含量明显升高,与PIH病情相关。二者含量升高,使血管内皮受损,管腔狭窄,血液灌注量下降,影响胎盘血供,从而致胎盘功能不良。     

彩色多普勒超声在糖尿病患者血管内皮功能评价中的应用

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声在糖尿病血管内皮功能评价中的应用。方法：应用彩色多普勒超声检测46例2型糖尿病患者肱动脉反应性充血后以及含服硝酸甘油后的血管内径及血流量,与正常对照组进行比较分析。结果：两组患者反应性充血时及含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径变化率有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,反应性充血时血流量变化率有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论：彩色多普勒超声可用于评价糖尿病血管内皮功能。     

血氨基末端脑利钠肽对初发高血压孕妇发生重度子痫前期的影响

目的：探讨血氨基末端脑利钠肽（ NT－proBNP）对初发高血压孕妇发生重度子痫前期的影响,为其临床研究提供依据。方法选择120例初发高血压妊娠小于20周的孕妇作为研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血NT－proBNP水平,以20周后是否诊断为重度子痫前期分为重度组与非重度组,比较血NT－proBNP水平差异。结果随访过程中发现120例妊娠孕妇中20例妊娠20周后表现为重度子痫前期,占16．7％。重度组孕周、收缩压及舒张压水平明显高于非重度组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。孕20周前重度组孕妇血NT－proBNP水平明显高于非重度组孕妇,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）;孕20周后重度组孕妇血NT－proBNP水平明显升高,与孕20周前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,且明显高于孕20周后非重度组（P＜0．05）;非重度组NT－proBNP水平孕20周前后比较差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。 NT－proBNP预测重度子痫前期的灵敏度为75．0％,特异度为97．0％,阳性似然比为83．3％,阴性似然比为4．9％,诊断符合率为90．0％。 ROC曲线的曲线下面积为0．895。结论重度子痫前期孕妇血NT－proBNP明显升高,血NT－proBNP对初发高血压孕妇发生重度子痫前期有较好的早期预测价值。     

长期吸烟对血管内皮功能的影响

目的观察长期吸烟对血管内皮功能的影响。方法采用超声肱动脉内径测量法，观察了30例长期吸烟者左上肢肱动脉内径对反应性充血和含服消心痛的反应性变化，以另外30例非吸烟正常人作为对照组。结果在基础状态下，吸烟组和非吸烟组肱动脉内径基本相同（P＞0.05；反应性充血后，吸烟组肱动脉内径变化明显小于对照组（114±1.7）%比（19.1±1.6）％，P＜0．05，含服消心痛后两组肱动脉内径变化基本相同（19．4±1.8）％比（21．6±2．1）％，P＞0.05。结论长期吸烟对人体血管内皮依赖性舒张功能具有明显损害，而对非内皮依赖性舒张功能影响不大，这种血管内皮损伤变化在心血管病的发病中的作用尚待进一步研究。     

40例回汉族健康中老年人血管内皮功能的比较分析

目的探讨回汉族健康中老年人血管内皮功能的差异性。方法应用高分辨率超声检测40例回族健康中老年人的肱动脉血管内皮依赖性舒张功能和内皮非依赖性舒张功能,并与20例汉族健康中老年人相比较。结果（1）两组肱动脉内径的基础值分别为（4．26±0．42）mm和（4．10±0．76）、含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径变化的百分率分别为（16．82±4．61）％和（17．63±6．82）％,回汉两组反应性充血后肱动脉内径变化的百分率分别为（13．29±2．76）％和（13．52±3．48）％,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）老年回族女性与男性肱动脉基础值分别为（3．96±0．36）mm和（4．38±0．22）mm、含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径变化的百分率分别为（18．32±3．61）％和（16．52±3．20）％,反应性充血后肱动脉内径变化的百分率分别为（12．21±2．50）％和（11．60±3．29）％,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论回汉两组健康中老年人血管内皮功能、回族男性女性之间差别均无统计学意义。     

高血压患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能失调的无创性检测

采用无创性高分辨超声技术，检测３１例原发性高血压患者和３０例正常人休息时、反应性充血及含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径的变化。结果显示：原发性高血压组肱动脉血管内皮依赖性舒张较正常组明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１），二者对硝酸甘油的反应差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示原发性高血压患者存在血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.