胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形和肺隔离症病变的产前声像图特征及预后分析

目的 研究先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形和肺隔离病变胎儿产前声像图特征及胎儿预后特点。方法 纳入2016年5月至2022年10月我院收治的29例产前检查发现先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形和肺隔离症胎儿的孕妇作为研究对象,其中先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形胎儿18例,肺隔离症胎儿11例。对所有孕妇均进行彩色多普勒超声检查,分析所有胎儿产前声像图特征。随访所有孕妇1年,观察所有胎儿的预后情况。结果 29例胎儿中先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形胎儿18例,其中Ⅰ型胎儿2例（11%）,Ⅱ型胎儿12例（67%）,Ⅲ型胎儿4例（22%）;左胸10例,右胸8例。肿块体积与头围比值<1.6的胎儿13例（72%）,肿块体积与头围比值>1.6的胎儿5例（28%）。肺隔离症胎儿11例,其中胸部肺隔离病变胎儿8例（73%）,可见胸部边界清晰的实性高回声病灶;腹部肺隔离病变胎儿3例（27%）,可见腹部高回声病灶,边界清晰。29例胎儿中伴有纵隔移位22例（75.86%）,羊水过多9例（31%）,2例先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形Ⅱ型胎儿合并膈疝（7%）,1例先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形Ⅲ型胎儿合并水肿（3%）。胎儿出生后,18例先天性肺囊腺瘤畸形胎儿中17例胎儿产前检查与...     

胎儿胸部占位的产前超声诊断及其预后的相关性探讨

目的：探讨胎儿胸部占位的产前超声诊断及其预后的相关性。方法：选择2015-2021年期间在我院经过手术引产确诊的胎儿胸腔占位疾病并经手术的病例23例,回顾性分析手术前的超声检测符合率。结果：胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤10例,胎儿隔离肺8例,先天性膈疝4例,胎儿先天性大叶性肺气肿1例,手术超声符合率91%(21/23)。结论：超声可以较为准确描述胎儿肺部病变的形态学特征,病变位置以及与周围组织关系,操作方便简单,可以做为胎儿肺部疾病诊断的首选方法。     

胎儿膈疝的产前超声诊断

目的探讨产前超声诊断胎儿膈疝的临床价值。资料与方法对97490名孕妇进行常规产前超声筛查,对可疑胎儿膈疝病例进行胸腹部多切面扫查,结合彩色多普勒血流显像协助诊断,仔细排查有无其他合并畸形或染色体异常,分析各种类型胎儿膈疝的超声声像图特征。结果产前超声筛查97490名孕妇,检出胎儿膈疝31名,胎儿膈疝发病率0.03%。其中单纯膈疝8例,膈疝合并其他结构异常23例;左侧膈疝26例,右侧膈疝4例,双侧膈疝1例。胎儿膈疝主要超声声像图特征包括:胸腔异常回声;胸腔内囊性结构有蠕动或实性占位,血供来自肝;心脏纵隔移位;胎儿腹围小于相应孕周;常伴羊水过多和其他结构异常。结论产前超声诊断胎儿膈疝有很大的临床价值。     

胎儿先天性肺发育异常MRI的诊断

目的:探讨MRI在胎儿先天性肺发育异常诊断中的应用价值。方法:59例孕妇,孕龄16～39周,平均26周。产前常规行超声(US)检查后24～48h内行MR检查,采用二维快速平衡稳态采集(2D FIESTA)序列、单次激发快速自旋回波(SSFSE)序列以及快速反转恢复运动抑制(FIRM)序列,行胎儿颅脑胸腹部常规及胸部重点冠状面、矢状面及横断面扫描,将产前MRI、US表现与出生后影像表现或手术(54例胎儿)、引产后尸体解剖结果(5例胎儿)对照。结果:先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形34例、叶内型支气管肺隔离症1例、先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形和BPS并存1例,先天性膈疝18例,原发性肺发育不全5例。随访证实产前MRI诊断误诊2例,产前US误诊9例、漏诊4例。结论:MRI在胎儿先天性肺肺发育异常诊断方面具有较高的应用价值,可诊断CCAM具体所在肺叶、病变类型、心脏移位及对侧肺受压程度;SSFSE序列联合FIRM序列能很好区分疝入胸腔的内容物,尤其是US易漏诊的右侧膈疝;可较好的显示发育不全的肺叶状况。     

胎儿胸部发育异常的MRI应用

目的 探讨MRI在诊断胎儿胸部发育异常的临床应用价值.方法 对11例产前超声发现胎儿胸部发育异常者行MRI检查,分析胎儿胸部发育异常的MRI表现.结果 11例中肺发育不良1例,先天性膈疝3例,先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形5例,肺隔离症2例.产前MRI检查对于得到随访结果的9例胎儿均诊断正确.结论 MRI具有良好的软组织分辨率和多方位成像及大视野的优点,且不受羊水量多少的影响,对于胎儿胸部发育异常的诊断具有较高的应用价值,可以作为产科胎儿超声检查的一种重要补充方式.     

超声联合MRI在胎儿胸部异常诊断中的应用

目的 对比分析产前超声和MRI在胎儿胸部发育异常中的诊断价值及各自的优、劣势,并初步探讨两者联合应用在胎儿胸部异常中的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析胸部异常胎儿的产前超声和MRI图像,94例产前超声诊断胸部异常的胎儿,征其家属同意后,于检查后1 d或2 d内行MRI检查.所有病例均经产后尸检或生后随访证实.结果 94例胸部异常包括先天性肺囊腺瘤48例,隔离肺33例,膈疝10例,原发性肺发育不良3例.超声正确诊断78例,诊断符合率约82.98%;超声联合MRI正确诊断88例,诊断符合率约93.62%.超声联合MRI诊断胎儿胸腔病变与单一超声相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 超声和MRI均能较好地诊断胎儿胸部异常,但其各有优、劣势.两者联合应用能够提高产前诊断敏感性和准确性,在诊断胎儿胸部发育异常方面更具优势.     

胎儿先天性膈疝的产前超声诊断

目的:讨论先天性膈疝的超声产前诊断及评估围生儿预后的方法.材料和方法:收集1999-09～2010-03在新华医院产科经产前诊断和出生后7d内诊断的先天性膈疝病例24例,比较分析不同类型膈疝二维声像图特点.结果:24例中产前诊断23例(95.8%),平均诊断时间在孕28+3周,新生儿存活6例(25%),均为左侧膈疝.有合并畸形的胎儿围生期结局均不良.结论:目前先天性膈疝胎儿的存活率仍较低,须根据超声检查胎儿膈疝的部位、肺发育情况、有无合并畸形综合评估胎儿的预后.     

胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形的产前超声诊断及其预后分析

目的探讨胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形(CCAM)的超声诊断价值及预后分析。方法 10例胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形是从2007年至2011年经彩色多普勒超声检查的孕龄为15～32周的孕妇中检出的。常规二维超声扫查胎儿双侧肺,发现异常声像时,再用彩色多普勒显示病灶血供情况并注意观察有无胎儿水肿和其他结构异常。结果在检出的10例胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形中,Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型3例,4例追踪复查显示病灶缩小或消失,新生儿结局良好,6例终止妊娠后均经引产后病理证实。结论产前彩色多普勒超声对发现胎儿先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形和评估预后有重要价值。     

胎儿肺囊性病变的磁共振表现

【摘要】目的：探讨产前MRI在诊断胎儿肺囊性病变中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析30例产前诊断为胎儿肺囊性病变（主要为先天性肺气道畸形、肺隔离症、支气管源性囊肿、先天性支气管闭锁）的MRI表现，并与超声、随访结果进行对照分析。结果：30例病变MRI定位于左肺18例，右肺12例；诊断为先天性肺气道畸形23例，肺隔离症5例，左侧胸腔积液伴左肺信号不均1例，先天性肺气道畸形合并肺隔离症1例；均表现为快速稳态场回波序列或单次激发快速自旋回波序列高信号、快速翻转恢复运动抑制序列低信号。出生后手术病理证实的16例病灶中，7例先天性肺气道畸形，边缘多呈分叶状，内部多为大小不一的囊；4例肺隔离症均位于左肺下叶，3例可见体循环血管分支进入病灶；3例支气管源性囊肿中部分病变与气管或支气管关系密切；1例纵隔淋巴管畸形，向纵隔内胸腺前后间隙延伸，呈爬行性生长；1例先天性支气管闭锁，呈团状，边缘光整，内部信号均匀；以病理结果为标准，MRI产前定位准确率为87.50%，定性准确率为62.50%，而超声产前定位准确率为87.50%，定性准确率为43.75%。3例在产前超声随访中病灶自行消退；11例在随访中的病灶未自行消退且未行手术治疗。结论：产前MRI是胎儿超声有效的补充手段，能多方位地显示胎儿肺囊性病变，有助于鉴别诊断。     

胎儿胸部异常的MRI诊断

目的:分析9例胎儿胸部异常的MRI表现,探讨MRI在胎儿胸部异常诊断中的补充作用。方法:对9例产前超声检查发现的胎儿胸部异常病例,经孕母及家属同意后行胎儿多平面的MRT2WI扫描,部分病例加做T1WI扫描,对胎儿异常胸部MRI表现进行研究,进一步确定胸部异常类型。结果:9例胸部异常中,6例先天性肺囊腺瘤样畸形(CCAM),3例为右肺CCAM,3例为左肺CCAM,MRI表现为患侧肺内多囊样T2WI高信号改变,病侧肺体积增大,纵隔向对侧移位;1例为左侧先天性膈疝(CDH),MRI示左侧胸腔内正常肺组织消失,呈混杂肠腔信号,肺尖少许正常肺组织受压;2例为胸腔积液,1例表现为双侧胸水、腹水、睾丸鞘膜积液,考虑为胎儿免疫性水肿,另1例为右侧胸水、腹水、皮下软组织水肿。结论:MRI作为产科胎儿超声检查的一种重要补充方法,对病变多方位的显示,具有很高的价值,给临床诊断及治疗予以很大帮助。     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

磁共振DWI和动态增强鉴别颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤的应用

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强在颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤(IPA)鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实且影像学有鞍区破坏的颅底脊索瘤患者15例、向鼻咽部侵犯的IPA患者20例.测量二者的表观扩散系数(ADC)值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析动态增强曲线的类型,统计达峰时间(TTP)、增强峰值(EP)和最大对比增强率(MCER),分析各个参数在鉴别诊断中的价值.结果 颅底脊索瘤的ADC值为(1.274±0.07)×10-3mm2/s,高于IPA ADC值(0.672±0.03) ×10-3 mm2/s(P ＜0.001),ADC阈值为0.964×10-3mm2/s时,ROC曲线下面积为0.997,敏感度为93.3％,特异度为100％.颅底脊索瘤时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)Ⅰ型14例,TICⅢ型1例,此例TICⅢ型者TTP约40 s;IPA TIC Ⅰ型7例,TICⅢ型13例.颅底脊索瘤和IPA的EP、MCER差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 ADC值和TIC的类型及其相关参数(EP,MCER)有助于颅底脊索瘤和IPA之间的鉴别.     

Treatment of intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula in hepatocellular carcinoma with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be one of the most common malignancies with an incidence of approximately one million cases per year and a dismal prognosis; some authors have reported a median survival of 1 ～ 2 months after diagnosis. Although surgery remains the only hope for cure, few patients are candidates[1,2].