脑卒中专门化生存质量量表(SS-QOL)中译本在冀南地区效度的研究

目的:探讨脑卒中专门化生存质量量表译本的效度。方法:对112名冀南地区脑卒中患者采用Rankin量表分级作为外在效标以评估辨别效度,同时进行卒中后1个月的NIHSS、Zung抑郁表、MMSE、Bathel指数、SF-36量表评定,以此作为“准金标准”,通过相关分析考察量表的效标效度。结果:随访发病后60例轻、中度脑卒中患者,SS-QOL译本以Rankin量表为外在效标的分组中,得分之间有显著差异。SS-QOL译本各领域显示与对应“标准”呈一定的相关性(相关系数0．37～0．89,P＜0．001)。结论:SS-QOL中译本在冀南地区轻、中度脑卒中患者中具有良好的效度。     

脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分的信度与效度

目的 评价脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分的信度和效度.方法 222例急性脑卒中患者,分别由不同评定者于入院当天、入院第14天、发病后第90天对同一例脑卒中患者进行临床神经功能缺损程度评分.重测信度与评定者间信度用Kappa值表示,分半信度、内部一致性信度用Croubach α值表示.同时效度、预测效度采用Spearman相关分析.结构效度采用因子分析的方法,其中脑梗死患者根据英国牛津郡社区脑卒中项目(OCSP)分型评定3种不同梗死类型的临床神经功能缺损程度评分的结构效度.结果 所有条目重测信度均>0.6,评定者间信度中条目"步行能力"为0.542,分半信度0.911,Cronbach α值为0.886,不同评定方式间信度显示"上肢肌力"、"手肌力"的信度分别为0.393、0.386.其与NIHSS评定结果呈正相关(均P=0.000),不同OCSP分型患者神经功能缺损程度评分与NIHSS评分结果均相关,且与发病后90 d的Barthel指数和改良Rankin评分均相关.结论 临床神经功能缺损程度评分内部一致性信度较高,其与NIHSS有同时效度,对脑卒中预后有预测效度;对部分前循环梗死患者的结构效度最好,可以用来评定椎-基底动脉系统的脑卒中,但并不敏感.     

人格障碍诊断问卷(SCID-Ⅱ)第2版的信度和效度

目的评价人格障碍诊断问卷SCID-Ⅱ(第2版)中文译本的信度和效度。方法对125 例精神障碍患者及45名正常人进行量表评定,并进行重测和评定者间一致性检验,及与临床诊断一致性检验。结果SCID-Ⅱ(第2版)各分量表内部一致性系数中位数为0．70;重测一致性Kappa值中位数为0．70,评定者间一致性Kappa值中位数为0．86;与临床诊断的一致率达90．7％。结论SCID-Ⅱ (第2版)各分量表内部一致性尚好,重测和评定者间的一致性良好,与临床诊断的一致率较好,可以推广使用,但仍需进一步大样本的研究分析。     

脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损评分标准的信度和效度研究

目的;研究脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损评分标准的信度和效度。方法：１００例连续住院的急性脑卒中患者,按照“评分标准”和美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表的评分规则进行评定。重测信度,评定者间信度检验用Ｋａｐｐａ相关;内容一致性检验用Ｃｒｏｎｂａｃｈα相关;共同效度用Ｓｐｅａｒｍａｎ相关;预测效度用协方差分析和ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归。     

思维、语言和交流评定量表（TLC）的信度和效度研究

目的评价思维、语言和交流评定量表（TLC）中文译本的信度和效度。方法对46例精神障碍住院患者评定,应用Alpha模型和Split-Half模型评定TLC的内在信度,1周或2周后重测评定其外在信度。以临床评定的思维形式障碍和阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评分作为效标评定TLC的效度。结果①内在信度：α信度系数为0.82,折半信度系数为0.90。②外在信度：重测信度系数除了TLC18偏低外,其余各项均大于0.7,TLC总评和总分的重测信度系数分别为0.82和0.96;评分者一致性系数除了TLC18和TLC14偏低外,其余各项均大于0.7,TLC总分的一致性系数高达0.99。③临床评定的思维形式障碍和TLC总评及总分的相关系数分别为0.92和0.75,以TLC总分≥7分为界值,TLC诊断的敏感度和特异度分别为91.9%和88.9%。④TLC总分或总评与PANSS总分、阳性量表分、思维障碍分、认知因子和兴奋因子等均显著相关（P均〈0.01）。结论TLC量表中文译本具有较好的信度和效度。     

自我效能量表的信度及效度研究

目的评价自我效能量表(SES)的信度和效度.方法由专业医生对45例心身科门诊心理咨询者评定SES和症状自评量表(SCL-90),一周后重测SES.对量表的内部一致性、重测信度及平行效度进行分析.结果SES的Cronbach'sα系数为0.7984,重测后各项目的相关系数均在0.672～0.932之间.SES的总分与SCL-90总分间的相关系数为0.454,且半数以上的项目与SCL-90总分呈明显相关.结论SES具有较好的信度和效度.     

脑卒中患者日常生活活动能力量表的信度与效度研究

目的 探讨陶氏日常生活活动能力(ADL)量表的信度与效度.方法 采用陶氏ADL 量表和Barthel 指数对222 例急性脑卒中患者入院时、发病后14 d 和发病后90 d 的日常生活活动能力进行评价.重测信度、评价者之间信度及不同评价方法之间信度以Kappa 值表示,分半信度及内部一致性信度以Cronbach α值表示,同时效度行Spearman 相关分析,结构效度采用因子分析.结果 陶氏ADL 量表中点用钞票重测信度为0.594,一般家务评价者之间信度为0.598,分半信度为0.901,内部一致性信度为0.966,电话评价与现场评价之间具有较高的相关性(均P < 0.01),陶氏ADL 量表评分与Barthel指数在脑卒中急性期和恢复期均有较好的相关性(均P = 0.000),陶氏ADL 量表有两项公因子,反映患者的运动功能和认知功能.结论 陶氏ADL 量表内部一致性信度极高,适宜电话随访,但某些评价项目重复或不必要,部分评价项目定义模糊、涉及内容不具体.陶氏ADL 量表与Barthel指数具有同时效度,包括两项公因子,反映患者的运动功能和认知功能,可以更为全面地评价脑卒中患者日常生活活动能力.推荐应用修订后的陶氏ADL 量表.     

精神疾病病耻感量表维吾尔文版在维吾尔族精神分裂症患者中信度和效度的研究

目的:检测精神疾病病耻感量表维吾尔(维)文版(SSMI-U)在新疆维吾尔(维)族精神分裂症患者的信度及效度。方法:对中文版精神疾病病耻感量表进行翻译并修订成维文版;随机选取118例门诊及住院维族精神分裂症患者评估;2周后随机抽取其中60例患者进行重测。结果:SSMI-U克朗巴赫α系数为0.801,评定者一致性组内相关系数(r)=0.995(95%CI:0.949~0.990);重测信度r=0.750(P0.001)。结论:SSMI-U在新疆维族精神分裂症患者具有良好的信度与效度。     

Yale-Brown强迫量表中文版的信度和效度

目的评价中文版Yale-B rown强迫量表Y-BOCS的信度和效度。方法对110名强迫症患者进行Y-BOCS、HAMD、HAMA的评定。结果Y-BOCS评定者间一致性好,各条目及量表总分的ICC≥0.82;重测信度良好,各条目及量表总分的ICC≥0.75;全量表内部一致性系数(Cronbach's alpha)为0.75。Y-BOCS具有较好的内容效度和结构效度,强迫思维分量表(OS)分与HAMA和HAMD量表分存在相关,OS区分效度欠理想结论Y-BOCS中文版具有可接受的信度和效度,具有临床和科研使用的价值。     

阿尔茨海默病病理行为评分表信度和效度

目的 :评定阿尔茨海默病 (AD)病理行为评分表 (BEHAVE- AD)的信度和效度。　方法 :8名医生对 6例痴呆病人进行联合测定。对 6 3例痴呆病人进行 BEHAVE- AD和简明精神病评定量表 (BPRS)评定 ,48小时后重复 BEHAVE- AD评定。　结果 :同质性信度系数 Cronbach'sα=0 .770 3。联合检测一致性系数 ICC=0 .95 95 ,重测一致性系数 r=0 .96 1,P均 <0 .0 1。与 BPRS评分相比 ,相关系数 r=0 .475 ,P<0 .0 1。根据医生总体评定结果 ,将病人分组 ,各组病人的量表评分有显著差异。　结论 :BEHAVE- AD中译本有较好的信度和效度 ,值得推广应用     

缺血性脑卒中患者远期抑郁症状的发生率及相关因素分析

目的探讨首发缺血性脑卒中(IS)偏侧肢体功能障碍患者远期抑郁症状(DS)的发生率及影响因素。方法前瞻性研究连续入选商丘市第一人民医院神经内科2012-11—2013-07收治的首发IS偏侧肢体功能障碍患者126例,入组后收集患者一般资料并采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、改良Rankin Scale(MRS)评分进行评估,发病后2~3a采用NIHSS、MRS评分、Barthel指数(BI)、脑卒中专用生活质量量表(SS-QOL)、汉密尔顿抑郁评分量表(HDRS)再次随访。通过单因素分析筛选出与远期抑郁症状(DS)具有显著性联系的因素后,使用非条件Logistic回归分析DS的影响因素。结果首发IS偏侧肢体功能障碍患者中远期抑郁症状发生率38.6%(44/114),其中轻、中、重度分别占19.3%(22/114)、11.4%(13/114)、7.9%(9/114)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,首发IS偏侧肢体功能障碍患者远期DS的影响因素包括文化程度(OR=2.847,95%CI=1.241~6.532)、BI(OR=0.763,95%CI=0.648~0.916)、SS-QOL评分(OR=0.970,95%CI=0.937~0.989)。且轻、中、重度抑郁症状患者的远期BI评分(F=29.426,P0.01)和SS-QOL评分(F=21.379,P0.01)的总体均数不同。结论 IS偏侧肢体功能障碍患者远期DS的危险因素为文化程度高,保护因素为远期BI评分高、生活质量高。其中远期BI评分、SS-QOL评分越低,IS偏侧肢体功能障碍患者的远期抑郁症状越重。日常生活能力的恢复及生活质量的提高等可能是改善IS偏侧肢体功能障碍患者远期抑郁症状的重要措施。     

Development of a stroke-specific quality of life scale.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Clinical stroke trials are increasingly measuring patient-centered outcomes such as functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). No stroke-specific HRQOL measure is currently available. This study presents the initial development of a valid, reliable, and responsive stroke-specific quality of life (SS-QOL) measure, for use in stroke trials. METHODS: Domains and items for the SS-QOL were developed from patient interviews. The SS-QOL, Short Form 36, Beck Depression Inventory, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Barthel Index were administered to patients 1 and 3 months after ischemic stroke. Items were eliminated with the use of standard psychometric criteria. Construct validity was assessed by comparing domain scores with similar domains of established measures. Domain responsiveness was assessed with standardized effect sizes. RESULTS: All 12 domains of the SS-QOL were unidimensional. In the final 49-item scale, all domains demonstrated excellent internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha values for each domain >/=0.73). Most domains were moderately correlated with similar domains of established outcome measures (r2 range, 0.3 to 0.5). Most domains were responsive to change (standardized effect sizes >0.4). One- and 3-month SS-QOL scores were associated with patients' self-report of HRQOL compared with before their stroke (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The SS-QOL measures HRQOL, its primary underlying construct, in stroke patients. Preliminary results regarding the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the SS-QOL are encouraging. Further studies in diverse stroke populations are needed.     

Initial testing of an electronic application of the simplified modified Rankin Scale questionnaire (e-smRSq)

Introduction and purposeTo facilitate modified Rankin scale (mRS) assessments, we developed and tested a smartphone/web application of the simplified mRS questionnaire (e-smRSq). The e-smRSq guides raters towards a final score according to the smRSq algorithm, and offers hints for scoring based on the conventional mRS concepts.MethodsInitially, three experienced mRS certified raters prepared 30 vignettes of unstructured stroke patient interviews, and determined consensus reference scores. Using the e-smRSq, 16 raters of varied professional backgrounds without mRS training scored the mRS for 24 randomly selected vignettes. Subsequently, 5 certified and 5 uncertified raters using the e-smRSq scored 23 mRS certification vignettes developed and used in the Strategies to Innovate Emergency Care Clinical Trials Network-Neurological Emergencies Treatment Trials (SIREN-NETT). Cohen's and Fleiss's kappa (κ), weighted kappa (κw), and intra-class correlation (ICC) compared rater scores with reference scores and assessed interrater reliability.ResultsFor the 16 initial raters using the e-smRSq with 24 vignettes, the κ (Fleiss) was 0.62 and ICC 0.87 (CI 0.80–0.93). Comparing raters’ scores with reference scores, Cohen's κ was 0.68 and κw 0.90. For the 10 subsequent raters using the e-smRSq on SIREN-NETT vignettes, κ (Fleiss) was 0.8 and ICC 0.95 (CI 0.91–0.97). Comparing all 10 raters scores with SIREN-NETT reference scores, Cohen's κ was 0.88 and κw 0.97. There was no significant difference between certified and uncertified raters.ConclusionsThe e-smRSq appears to have good reproducibility and validity metrics among both certified and non-certified mRS raters, possibly owing to its simplicity. Further testing in stroke patients in warranted.     

Reliability and validity of the Swedish Fatigue Assessment Scale when self-administrered by persons with mild to moderate stroke

Objective: To examine internal consistency, test-retest reliability, floor/ceiling effects and construct validity of the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), when self-administrated by persons with mild to moderate stroke.

Method: The FAS was translated into Swedish and tested for psychometric properties when self-administrated by persons with mild to moderate stroke. Participants, consequently selected from the stroke unit admission register received a letter with three questionnaires: the FAS, Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) subscale for vitality and Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS-15. Within two weeks, a second letter with FAS was sent for re-test.

Result: Seventy-tree persons with mild to moderate stroke participated in the study. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach’s alpha 0.82). The test and retest reliability of individual items showed that five items out of 10 items were good (weighted kappa > 0.60), four were moderate (0.40-0.60), and one was fair (0.22). The relative reliability between total scores was good (ICC _3.1 = 0.73) and the absolute reliability was nine points, meaning that a change of at least nine points in total score implies a real change of fatigue level. Correlation analysis showed that the Swedish FAS correlated with the SF-36 subscale for vitality (r_s = - 0.73) and GDS-15 (r_s = 0.62), suggesting convergent construct validity. There were no floor or ceiling effects.

Conclusion: The Swedish translation of the FAS used as a self-administrated questionnaire is reliable and valid for measuring fatigue in persons with mild to moderate stroke.     

缺血性卒中A-S-C-O分型、TOAST分型及CISS分型的信度检验

目的 评定缺血性卒中A-S-C-O分型、急性卒中治疗Org10172试验（trial of org 10172 in acutestroke treatment,TOAST）分型及中国缺血性卒中亚型（Chinese ischemic stroke subclassfication,CISS）的信度检验。方法 连续收集我院新发缺血性卒中患者100例,由两位研究者对其进行分型,对3种分型分别进行信度检验。结果 本研究A-S-C-O分型的Kappa值为0.504,P <0.01;TOAST分型的Kappa值为0.769,P <0.01;CISS分型的Kappa值为0.710,P <0.01。结论 A-S-C-O分型的一致性中等,TOAST分型及CISS分型的一致性良好。【关键词】 脑梗死;A-S-C-O分型;TOAST分型;CISS分型;信度     

Reliability and responsiveness of the Barry–Albright Dystonia Scale

The reliability and responsiveness of the Barry-Albright Dystonia (BAD) Scale, a 5-point ordinal severity scale for secondary dystonia, was assessed. For interrater reliability, 13 raters scored 10 videotaped patients; for intrarater reliability, two raters rated the videotape again. For test-retest reliability, patients were rated on two occasions. Four inexperienced raters scored patients, received training, then scored additional patients. To assess responsiveness, we compared patient and physician global ratings of change (better, same, and worse) with BAD Scale score changes for 18 patients on intrathecal baclofen (ITB) trials. We assessed reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The mean ICC for total BAD Scale scores were as follows: interrater reliability 0.866, intrarater reliability 0.967 and 0.978, test-retest reliability 0.978 (before training) and 0.967 (after training). We found the BAD Scale responsive to change, with most improved scores in patients rated by the patient, family, and neurosurgeon as 'better'. The total scores were reliable for experienced raters. We recommend training for clinicians interested in using the scale.     

Retrospective assessment of initial stroke severity with the NIH Stroke Scale

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It is important to adjust stroke outcomes for differences in initial stroke severity. The NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a commonly used stroke severity measure but has been validated for retrospective scoring only in a subset of stroke clinical trial participants. The purpose of this research was to assess the validity and reliability of an algorithm for retrospective NIHSS scoring in a setting with usual chart documentation. METHODS: An algorithm for retrospective NIHSS scoring was developed with written history and physical admission notes. Missing physical examination data were scored as normal. One investigator prospectively scored the admission NIHSS in 32 consecutive stroke patients. Two raters retrospectively scored the NIHSS by applying the algorithm to photocopied admission notes. Linear regression was used to assess interrater reliability and agreement between prospective and retrospective NIHSS scores. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess systematic scoring bias. Weighted kappa statistics were calculated to assess the level of agreement of individual NIHSS items. RESULTS: Only 1 admission note was complete for all NIHSS elements. Interrater reliability was near perfect (r(2)=0.98, P<0. 001). Agreement between prospective and retrospective NIHSS score was also excellent (r(2)=0.94, P<0.001) and there was no systematic bias in retrospective scores. Agreement for individual items was moderate to high for all items except level of consciousness. CONCLUSIONS: Retrospective NIHSS scoring with the algorithm is reliable and unbiased even when physical examination elements are missing from the written record. Stroke research using retrospective review of charts or of administrative databases should adjust for differences in stroke severity using such an algorithm.     

The course of blood pressure in acute stroke is related to the severity of the neurological deficits

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how soon after stroke the diagnosis of hypertension could be established. METHODS: In a prospective study including 1192 patients with acute stroke within 6 h, blood pressure was measured serially at 2-h intervals during the first 24 h. Results are presented as mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). The Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) assessed the neurological deficit. RESULTS: In 779 patients with mild to moderate ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and SSS > 25, MAP was 118 mmHg (CI 95%: 116-119 mmHg) on admission and 109 mmHg (CI 95%: 108-110 mmHg) 4 h later (paired t-test, P < 0.001). No such early decrease was observed in 228 patients with severe cerebral infarction (CI). In mild to moderate ischaemic stroke or TIA, MAP at 24 h was not different from MAP at 3 months in paired t-test. CONCLUSIONS: Blood pressure 24 h after admission in patients with mild to moderate CI or TIA was representative of the patient's blood pressure 3 months after stroke. A diagnosis of arterial hypertension can be established a few days after stroke.     

Dementia quality of life instrument--construct and concurrent validity in patients with mild to moderate dementia

Background and purpose: To translate the Dementia quality of life instrument (DQoL) into German and assess its construct and concurrent validity in community‐dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia. Methods: Dementia quality of life instrument data of two pooled samples (n = 287) were analysed regarding ceiling and floor effects, internal consistency, factor reliability and correlations with corresponding scales on quality of life (Quality of Life in Alzheimer‘s Disease and SF‐12), cognition (Mini‐Mental State Examination, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – cognitive), depression (Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia) and activities of daily living (Interview of Deterioration in Daily Living Activities in Dementia). Results: We found no floor effects (<2%), minor ceiling effects (1–11%), moderate to good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α: 0.6–0.8) and factor reliability (0.6–0.8), moderate correlations with self‐rated scales of quality of life (Spearman coefficient: 0.3–0.6) and no or minor correlations with scores for cognition, depression or activities of daily living (r < 0.3). The original five‐factor model could not be confirmed. Conclusion: The DQoL can be used in dementia research for assessing positive and negative affect, feelings of belonging and self‐esteem. The findings suggest further research to improve the structure of the scales aesthetics, feelings of belonging and self‐esteem.