介绍一种修复(足母)趾末节软组织缺损的新方法

单纯躅趾软组织缺损相对少见，因创伤或病变切除致蹲趾末节软组织缺损伴骨或肌腱外露需行皮瓣修复，不能用常规方法修复时，处理较为困难。2000年Niranjan等介绍一种修复蹲趾末节软组织缺损伴骨与肌腱外露创面的新方法，我们在临床应用取得满意效果，并对操作方法进行了改进，现介绍如下。     

指背逆行岛状筋膜蒂皮瓣的临床应用

选择一种供区破坏小而受区修复满意的皮瓣修复手指末节皮肤软组织缺损伴骨、肌腱外露一直是整形外科手术治疗的难题之一,其治疗原则是尽可能的修复患指的长度和功能,一期覆盖裸露的骨、肌腱组织。自2004年以来我们应用指背逆行岛状筋膜蒂皮瓣修复手指末节皮肤软组织缺损,     

小儿趾腓侧皮瓣移植修复手指软组织缺损

1992年以来 ,我院应用游离小儿趾腓侧皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损 7例 ,术后皮瓣全部成活 ,手指外形、功能恢复满意。一、资料与方法1.一般资料 :本组共 7例 ,男 5例 ,女 2例 ;年龄 3～ 7岁。示指末节、中节掌侧软组织缺损 4例、拇指末节指腹缺损 2例、中指末节指腹缺损 1例。皮肤缺损面积最小为 1.5ｃｍ× 1ｃｍ(末节指腹 ) ,最大为 3ｃｍ× 2 .5ｃｍ(中末节指腹及桡侧部分 ) ,7例均伴有屈肌腱及 /或指骨外露。2 .手术方法[1,2 ] :根据伤指创面大小和形状 ,设计通车或对侧于趾腓侧皮瓣 ,并将趾腓侧趾固有动脉及神经包含在内。本组均切取…     

第一掌骨背逆行筋膜蒂皮瓣修复拇指皮肤缺损

拇指末节软组织缺损在临床上较多见，往往伴有肌腱和骨组织的外露，修复方法较多，各有其相应的指征及优缺点。2003年9月始．我们用第一掌骨背逆行筋膜蒂皮瓣修复拇指末节软组织缺损伴骨外露11例，术后皮瓣全部成活，疗效满意。     

拇指软组织缺损的修复

1985年～1989年,对拇指外伤软组织缺损致骨、肌腱外露的患者,一期行带筋膜蒂的食指背侧岛状皮瓣修复。其中拇指末节指间关节以远斜行离断,指背骨外露1例;近节远1/3离断,再植失败1例;指腹软组织缺损伴骨、肌腱外露6例;拇     

三种皮瓣修复足前部创面的治疗体会

目的探讨三种皮瓣修复足前区皮肤缺损伴骨或肌腱组织外露的疗效。方法 2009年2月-2018年6月,对收治的58例外伤致足前区皮肤软组织缺损(包括当时缺损及损伤性坏死后缺损)伴不同程度的骨或肌腱组织外露,经清创后,采用跗外侧动脉皮瓣、第1跖背逆行皮瓣、交腿皮瓣修复创面。结果皮瓣均成活,达到修复闭合创面目的。结论三种皮瓣修复皮肤软组织缺损伴骨或肌腱组织外露创面,血运可靠,手术操作相对简单,基层医院易于开展,手术成功率高,可用于足前区缺损创面的修复。     

足背逆行岛状筋膜瓣及皮片修复(足母)趾组织缺损

2002年5月至2004年8月,我们应用以足背动脉为蒂的逆行岛状足跗内侧动脉筋膜瓣联合表面皮片移植修复(足母)趾软组织缺损伴骨或肌腱外露8例,取得了满意效果.     

反折型皮下筋膜瓣临床应用

我院近年来应用反折型皮下筋膜组织瓣,修复肢体肌腱或骨裸露区的软组织缺损3例,取得良好效果。 患者均为男性,年龄20～27岁。因外伤致皮肤软组织缺损,伴伸指,趾肌腱断裂或骨折外露。受伤部位:手背1例,小腿及足背部各1例。其中1     

第一趾蹼皮支蒂岛状皮瓣修复趾软组织缺损

目的总结第1趾蹼皮支蒂岛状皮瓣修复趾软组织缺损的疗效。方法 2009年11月-2011年1月,收治7例重物砸伤致趾皮肤软组织缺损男性患者。年龄23～42岁,平均32岁。伤后至入院时间为5～10 d,平均7 d。趾末节软组织缺损合并末节趾骨外露3例,甲床坏死伴骨外露1例,趾腓侧皮肤软组织缺损伴骨外露2例,趾背侧皮肤软组织坏死1例。创面范围3.5 cm×2.5 cm～4.5 cm×4.5 cm。应用大小为4.0 cm×2.5 cm～5.0 cm×5.0 cm的第1趾蹼皮支蒂岛状皮瓣修复。供区植皮修复。结果术后皮瓣及植皮均成活,创面Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间11～20个月,平均14个月。皮瓣质软,外形无臃肿。术后6个月按照神经感觉恢复标准评定,皮瓣感觉S1～S3,植皮区感觉S1～S2。患者第1趾蹼均遗留轻度瘢痕,患足功能良好。结论第1趾蹼皮支蒂岛状皮瓣修复趾软组织缺损具有供区创伤小、手术操作简便的优点,适合任何分型的第1跖背动脉。     

岛状皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损

岛状皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损程银忠自１９９２年以来，我科应用岛状皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损伴肌腱、骨或关节外露创面１７例，疗效满意。临床资料本组男１４例，女３例，年龄１９～５５岁、修复烧伤后疤痕６例，电击伤１１例，创面均伴有肌腱，骨或关节外露。修复方法：外...     

深圳市某两所小学流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学分析

目的：通过对深圳市某两所小学发生的流行性腮腺炎突发疫情的流行病学特点及差异性进行分析,为制定科学、高效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法2013年5～7月深圳市大鹏新区某两所小学爆发流行性腮腺炎,以学校为整体研究对象,分别标记为学校A（24个班,学生1210例）和学校B（27个班,学生1274例）,对比两所小学的疫情流行病学差异性。结果分析发现,学校A流行性腮腺炎发病率为4.30%,发病班级所占比54.17%,均较学校B1.73%和29.63%高,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;分析显示学校A学生出现疫病平均年龄为（11.2±1.1）岁,较学校B（9.34±1.0）岁,对比差异明显（P＜0.05）;且两组疫病患儿在接种疫苗率对比上差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;但疫情发生时,学校B疫苗紧急接种率明显高于学校A,对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论小学作为流行性腮腺炎爆发的主要场所之一,疫病爆发高峰季节前,针对易感染人群给予相应的疫苗接种等预防控制措施,同时加强流行性腮腺炎的监测,对于降低感染人群数量,减轻、遏制疫情有着积极的意义,值得相关防控部门重视。     

不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效分析

目的：探讨不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效。方法：2008年3月-2013年2月收治指尖离断患者80例,38例吻合指侧方静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1或1：2或2：2,平均1：2;22例吻合指腹静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1;20例未吻合静脉,术中仅吻合1条动脉,行侧切口或甲床放血。观察各组治疗效果。结果：吻合指侧方静脉组手指全部成活,无一例发生回流障碍;吻合指腹静脉组19例发生静脉危象,其中4例手指坏死;未吻合静脉组20例均发生回流障碍,其中6例手指坏死。58例获随访,随访时间6~28个月。吻合指侧方静脉组32例,指尖外形佳、指腹饱满;吻合指腹静脉组14例,指体轻度萎缩,指甲生长不平整;未吻合静脉组12例,指体萎缩明显。吻合指侧方静脉组指甲生长近平整,长度长于其他两组[（14.4±3.2）mm比（12.5±2.3）mm和（12.2±2.2）mm],远侧指间关节活动度大于其他两组[（63±5）°比（48±3）°和（45±7）°],两点分辨觉小于其他两组[（4.6±0.4）mm比（7.1±1.2）mm和（7.3±0.6）mm],感觉级别高于其他两组[S（3.45±0.39）级比S（2.57±0.42）级和S（2.55±0.49）级],差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。吻合指腹静脉组和未吻合静脉组在指甲长度、运动和感觉方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：吻合指侧方静脉能有效解决指尖再植静脉回流问题,可避免回流障碍,成活率高,促进指甲生长,可恢复 DIPJ 活动度及感觉。     

Frequency of complications of manipulation of the spine

Summary A survey of all members of the Swiss Medical Association of Manual Medicine was undertaken for the year 1989. Informative data were given by 425 respondents on the frequency of complications of manipulation as related to the spine. The number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations during 1989 (225 working days) was 805 for each respondent, and the number manipulations of the cervical spine 354. Thus, the total number of thoraco-lumbar manipulations was 342 125, and the total number of cervical manipulations was 150 450. The overall incidence of side-effects of transient complications due to cervical spine manipulation such as disturbance of consciousness or radicular signs was 1: 16716. Seventeen patients (ratio 1: 20 125) after manipulation of the lumbar spine presented, in addition to increased pain, a transient sensorimotor deficit with precise radicular distribution. Nine of the 17 patients (ratio 1: 38013) developed a progressive radicular syndrome with sensorimotor defict and radiologically verified disc herniation and had to be referred for surgery. Side effects and complications of cervical and lumbar spine manipulation are rare. Taking in to account the yearly number of manipulations performed by a single physician in Switzerland and the rate of complications, it can be calculated that a physician practicing manual medicine will encoutner one complication due to manipulation of the cervical spine in 47 years and one complication due to lumbar spine manipulation in 38 years of practice. However, it is important that a careful clinical assessment is carried out to avoid complications due to manipulation carried out on the basis of inappropriate indications. Furthermore, the decision as to which technique is indicated for any particular functional disorder of the spine should be made on the basis of rational criteria resting on a knowledge of clinical biomechanics, functional anatomy and neurophysiology. The authors recommend a prospective morbidity study to be carried out among physicians, chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists, taking into account the different indications and therapeutic techniques in relation to complications.     

Pathogenesis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Most adenomas and carcinomas of the small intestine and extrahepatic bile ducts arise in the region of the papilla of Vater. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) it is the main location for carcinomas after proctocolectomy. In many cases symptoms due to stenosis lead to diagnosis at an early tumor stage. In about 80%, curative intended resection is possible. Operability is the most relevant prognostic factor. Most ampullary carcinomas resp. carcinomas of the papilla of Vater develop from adenomatous or flat dysplastic precursor lesions. They can be sited in the ampulloduodenal part of the papilla of Vater, which is lined by intestinal mucosa. They also can develop in deeper parts of the ampulla, which are lined by pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and pancreaticobiliary-type adenocarcinoma represent the main histological types of ampullary carcinoma. Furthermore, there exist unusual types and undifferentiated carcinomas. Many carcinomas of intestinal type express the immunohistochemical marker profile of intestinal mucosa (keratin 7–, keratin 20+, MUC2+). Carcinomas of pancreaticobiliary type usually show the immunohistochemical profile of pancreaticobiliary duct mucosa (keratin 7+, keratin 20–, MUC2–). Even poorly differentiated carcinomas, as well as unusual histological types, may conserve the marker profile of the mucosa they developed from. These findings underline the concept of histogenetically different carcinomas of the papilla of Vater which develop either from intestinal- or from pancreaticobiliary-type mucosa of the papilla of Vater. Molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas are similar to those of colorectal as well as pancreatic carcinomas, although they appear at different frequencies. In future studies, molecular alterations in ampullary carcinomas should be correlated closely with the different histologic tumor types. Consequently, the histologic classification should reflect the histogenesis of ampullary tumors from the two different types of papillary mucosa.     

静脉皮瓣成活过程的实验研究

我们以兔为实验动物，通过微循环观察及血管内灌注填充剂，研究静脉皮瓣的成活过程。这一过程可分为２个阶段。第一阶段（术后７２小时内）为静脉血营养期：静脉血由静脉干通过小静脉吻合支、微静脉干间吻合支及终末微静脉吻合支回流至另一静脉。术后４８小时内毛细血管内无血液运动。第二阶段（术后７２小时～６周）为动脉血营养及血管改造期：术后７２小时新生血管开始向皮瓣内生长。术后７２无皮瓣动脉同主要来自皮瓣周围正常组织内的新生血管吻合使动脉血分布于整个皮瓣，这是静脉皮瓣成活的关键     

Oddi括约肌肌电活动实验模型的建立

目的建立研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的动物模型和实验方法。方法将双极金属钩状电极通过浆膜层置入Oddi括约肌，记录不同条件干预下家兔的Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号，调整电生理实验参数并经放大、滤波及计算机处理后，对其大小、波形、幅度进行分析。结果不同条件干预下的家兔Oddi括约肌的肌电活动在波形、频率、幅度等方面均有明显的不同，具有明显的规律性。重复实验可得到相似的结果。结论使用双极金属钩状电极配以合理的电生理实验参数调整可以稳定地采集到在体的家兔Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号。这为今后广泛、深入地研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动搭建了一个技术平台。     

骨盆骨折的治疗进展

对于骨盆骨折的治疗 ,传统方法以卧硬板床 ,股骨髁上持续骨牵引 ,骨盆兜等保守治疗为主 ,常常引起下肢不等长 ,骶髋痛 ,步态失常等而严重影响生活质量 ,同时长期卧床易引发肺部感染、褥疮、应激性溃疡、泌尿系统结石等并发症而危及生命。下面就骨盆骨折的治疗进展作一综述。1     

Management of sequelae of septic arthritis of hip

A nine years old boy, who had suffered septic arthritis at the age of two years and presented now with a limp, hip instability, leg length discrepancy. The patient was treated by adductor tenotomy and upper tibial pin traction. When head remnant reached the level of the acetabulum, open reduction and Pemberton osteotomy was done to achieve cover of the femoral head. The purpose of this report is to highlight the six years followup of reconstruction of sequale of septic arthritis of hip joint.     

Catamnestic study of childless patients of the Department of Andrology of Hamburg-Eppendorf University Hosptal

By means of a questionnaire, we carried out a catamnestic study of 1419 patients with a complaint of infertility. 27 per cent of the replying patients reported about the birth of children. 343 patients (38%) reported about one or more conceptions. Compared with previous studies, this investigation shows better results of therapies. We interprete this to be caused in better possibilities of therapy, esp. the Kallikrein therapy.     

主动脉窦瘤破裂外科治疗的临床研究

目的　探讨主动脉窦瘤破裂局部病理改变及其合并主动脉瓣关闭不全的手术方法。方法　 3 6例主动脉窦瘤破裂 (RASV)合并主动脉瓣关闭不全 (AI) 15例、室间隔缺损 (VSD) 2 6例。补片修补 3 5例 ,其中合并VSD的均以一片法修补 ,合并AI的主动脉瓣置换 (AVR) 6例 ,主动脉瓣成形 4例。手术取材作病理检查 5例。结果　本组 3 6例中手术死亡 2例 ( 5 .6% )。存活的 3 4例病人均经门诊复查或通信随访 0 .3～ 18年 ,其中 2例死亡。病理检查见RASV合并VSD的瘤壁为纤维素样坏死或玻璃样变性。结论　主动脉窦壁纤维素样或玻璃样变性可能是其形成的病理基础。合并主动脉瓣关闭不全时应探查其病变程度 ,酌情一期矫正 ,瓣膜损伤明显时宜行主动脉瓣置换 ,对主动脉瓣环细小的病例 ,可借修补VSD和RASV的补片扩大主动脉瓣环。