肠系膜静脉血栓形成的早期诊治(附16例临床分析)

作者报告了１９６７年～１９９５年收治的肠系膜静脉血栓形成患者１６例的治疗经验。患者初诊主诉均为腹痛，１３例有明显易患因素。１例经彩色多普勒超声诊断，行抗凝治疗后病情缓解出院，其余１５例均行手术治疗。术前仅１例确诊，误诊１４例。术后死亡７例，治愈８例。作者认为该病易患因素、症状与体征不相称的特点以及彩色多普勒超声、ＣＴ、选择性血管造影对早期诊断有重要意义。早期手术切除受累肠管及其系膜、及早行抗凝治疗是降低本病死亡率和复发率的关键。     

肠系膜静脉血栓形成的诊断和治疗（附5例报告）

目的　探讨肠系膜静脉血栓形成的诊断和治疗原则。方法　分析 5例肠系膜静脉血栓形成的临床表现、鉴别诊断及治疗方法。结果　 5例肠系膜静脉血栓形成的病人 ,术前均误诊 ,都施行了剖腹探查术 ,治愈 4例 ,死亡 1例。结论　对肠系膜静脉血栓形成应及早诊断和手术治疗 ,术后辅以抗凝、溶栓治疗 ,可减少术后并发症和死亡率     

肠系膜静脉血栓形成的早期诊治

作者报告了１９６７年－１９９５年收治的肠系膜静脉血栓形成患者１６例的治疗经验。患者初诊主诉均为腹痛,１３例有明显易患因素。１例经彩色多普勒超声诊断,行抗凝治疗后病情缓解出院,其余１５例均行手术治疗。术前仅１例仍,误诊１４例。术后死亡７例,治愈８例,作者认为该病易患因素、症状与体征不相称的特点以及彩色多普勒超声、ＣＴ、选择性血管造对早期诊断有重要意义。早期手术切除受累肠管及其系膜、及早行抗凝治疗是降     

肠系膜上静脉血栓11例临床分析

目的 总结肠系膜上静脉血栓(MVT)临床诊断与治疗的经验.方法 回顺性分析1999年至2008年新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的11例MVT患者的临床资料.单纯MVT 3例,肠系膜卜静脉合并门静脉血栓2例,肠系膜上静脉合并门静脉及脾静脉血栓6例.结果 9例患者经抗凝治疗后临床症状明显减轻或消失.2例肠系膜上静脉合并门静脉及脾静脉血栓患者,1例经抗凝治疗后症状未见明显改善,自动出院;1例诊断明确后未行抗凝治疗,1周后发展为急腹症并行剖腹探查,行坏死肠管切除肠吻合+肠系膜卜静脉取栓术,患者痊愈出院.结论 单纯MVT 患者以抗凝治疗多可痊愈,而对于合并门静脉、脾静脉血栓患者,在临床抗凝治疗同时,严密观察体征变化,做好随时手术准备.     

急性门静脉系静脉血栓形成的诊治分析

目的：探讨诊断和治疗急性门静脉系静脉血栓形成的有效方法。方法：回顾性分析１９７８年８月至１９９９年８月收治的１９例急性门静脉系静脉血栓形成的诊断和治疗方法。结果：１９９５年８月前诊治的１２例中有５例死亡,１９９５年后行不同长度肠切除术＋外周抗凝治疗及经肠系膜上动脉插管持续应用尿激酶溶栓治疗,７例病人均存活。结论：急性门静脉系静脉血栓形成应尽早诊治,选择性肠系膜上动脉造影并留置导管持续给予溶栓治疗是     

急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成35例分析

目的：探讨急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的病因、临床表现及诊断治疗。方法：35例急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成患者中26例确诊后给予抗凝溶栓治疗。9例确诊后即行手术治疗,均行小肠部分切除术,术后继续抗凝治疗。结果：抗凝溶栓组26例中22例治愈,5例出院后于两年内复发再次入院治疗,4例中转手术,1例术后死亡。急症手术组9例治愈8例,术后死亡1例。结论：急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成与腹部手术、高凝状态及门脉高压有关。腹部强化CT检查,早期诊断并抗凝溶栓治疗,可取得较好的疗效。手术时机把握合适,术中正确判断切除坏死肠管范围及术后抗凝治疗,是降低死亡率的关键。     

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目的 探讨针对争性肠系膜静脉血栓形成不同程度肠缺血病变的最佳手术治疗方式。方法 6例急腹症经影像学检查术前诊断为急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成。所有病人手术探查,依肠管不同缺血程度,对淤血性病变和坏死性病变各3例,分别实行肠系膜务栓除术和肠切除术,围手术期抗凝治疗。结果 3例肠切除者治愈;3例肠系膜静脉血栓切除者2例治愈,1例结肠受累者因结肠动力性肠阻、穿孔而再作右半结肠切除术治愈。随访8个月至6年无复发。结论 以血栓切除术和肠切除手术分别治疗急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成所致的肠淤血和肠坏死。并辅以抗凝治疗是提高生存率、降低病死率的合理而有效方案。     

腹部术后肠系膜静脉血栓形成的临床特点分析

目的：探讨腹部手术后肠系膜静脉血栓形成的诊断及治疗规律。方法：回顾性分析4例腹部手术后肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的病人的诊治情况。结果：所有患初期症状重而体征轻，再次手术前仅1例确诊。4例患经手术及病理证实，全部经手术治愈。结论：该病症状和体征无特异性。腹部手术后发生剧烈腹痛应想到本病的可能性，彩色多普勒超声，CT检查是诊断本病的敏感方法，早期行受累肠管及其系膜切除，有门静脉血栓时行门静脉取栓及早行抗凝治疗是本病治疗的关键。     

急性肠系膜缺血的诊断与治疗──附13例临床分析

作者总结了本院１９６４年１１月至１９９５年１２月收治的１３例急性肠系膜缺血病例。其中肠系膜上动脉血栓栓塞８例，死亡７例，死亡率为８９％。急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成５例，治愈率１００％。本组患者总死亡率５４％。结合对急性肠系膜缺血的诊治体会，对本病的临床症状，早期诊断方法和治疗方法进行了讨论。     

肠系膜静脉血栓形成29例诊疗体会

目的 探讨肠系膜静脉血栓形成（MVT）的早期诊断及治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析自1986年1月至2006年1月29例MVT患者的临床资料。结果 MVT29例患者中有21例为急性症状包括腹痛腹胀、恶心呕吐、便血等。彩色多普勒超声的检出率81.0%;腹部CT/MR的检出率为100%。非手术治疗包括抗凝、溶栓及对症等,治愈率81.3%;手术治疗13例,包括肠切除和切除肠系膜静脉血栓,手术并发症23.1%（3/13例）,其中顽固性腹水2例,进食后腹痛1例。术后随访3个月至5年,复发6例,系出院后自行停用抗凝药物。结论 彩色多普勒超声和CT/MR扫描对MVT的早期诊断有较高的诊断价值;抗凝治疗和手术是MVT有效的治疗手段。     

肠系膜静脉血栓形成的诊断和手术时机探讨

目的 探讨肠系膜静脉血栓形成(MVT)的诊治及手术时机。方法 回顾性分析9例MVT的临床资料,总结其既往史、发病时间与治疗方式、手术与非手术病人的临床表现和抗凝溶栓治疗的效果。结果 MVT发病以腹痛为主,9例之中有7例病人既往有血液高凝状态的病史。早期确诊的4例病人应用抗凝溶栓治疗,有3例非手术治愈。其余5例在发病后20～144h因腹膜炎而手术探查时确诊。手术切除肠管30～320cm。由于术后没及时应用抗凝治疗,1例发生了肠坏死而再次手术。结论 早期诊断、早期抗凝溶栓治疗能避免肠坏死,一旦出现腹膜炎或肠绞窄体征是手术探查的指征。手术时要正确判断尚有生机的肠管和尽量取出门静脉和肠系膜上静脉主干内的血栓。手术后继续抗凝溶栓治疗是保证疗效的关键。     

急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的诊治体会(附14例报告)

目的探讨急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成(MVT)的诊疗方法。方法回顾性分析我们2000年1月~2005年12月收治的14例MVT的临床资料。本组行肠切除及Fogarty导管取栓术8例,行抗凝、溶栓治疗6例。结果本组治愈13例,死亡1例。结论超声、CT和MRV诊断价值较大。及早诊断,行抗凝、溶栓治疗可防止肠坏死的发生。对出现肠坏死、腹膜炎者,切除坏死肠管及系膜,同时积极抗凝治疗能降低死亡率和复发率。尿激酶联合巴曲酶治疗MVT是有效和安全的。     

肠系膜静脉血栓的临床诊治体会

目的探讨肠系膜静脉血栓早期诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析总结自2000年7月至2007年5月收治的26例患者临床资料。结果最常见的病因为腹部手术后,最常见的临床症状为腹痛(24/26,92.3%);最可靠的诊断方法为肠系膜血管造影(100%)。26例保守治疗2例,介入治疗8例,手术治疗16例。结论对于可疑肠系膜静脉血栓形成的病人,应尽早行肠系膜血管造影,提高医生对肠系膜静脉血栓的认识和介入溶栓是提高肠系膜静脉血栓早期诊治行之有效的方法。     

Thrombolysis via an Operatively Placed Mesenteric Catheter for Portal and Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis: Report of a Case

Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a catastrophic form of mesenteric vascular occlusion. In the absence of peritoneal signs, anticoagulation therapy should be started immediately. For selected patients, thrombolysis through the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), jugular vein, or portal vein via a transhepatic route might be successful; however, exploratory laparotomy is mandatory when peritoneal signs develop. We report a case of acute MVT associated with protein C and S deficiency, treated successfully by limited bowel resection and simultaneous thrombolytic infusion, given via an operatively placed mesenteric vein catheter.     

急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成的诊断和治疗

目的　探讨肠系膜静脉血栓形成 (MVT)的诊断和治疗。方法　总结 11例肠系膜静脉血栓形成病人的诊治经验 ,结合文献分析MVT的发病机理、临床特点、诊断和治疗。结果　 11例病人均以急腹症或肠梗阻收住院 ,术前明确诊断者 8例 ,其中发病 2 4h内确诊者仅 2例。全部患者行手术治疗 ,均治愈 ,随访无复发。结论　提高对该病的认识是早期诊断的关键 ,及时手术行肠切除是治疗本病的有效方法 ,切除足够范围肠段及早期抗凝治疗是预防复发的根本措施。     

急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成27例诊治经验

目的 总结急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成(MVT)的诊治经验.方法 回顾性研究1983年至2007年7月收治的27例急性MVT的临床资料.结果 27例患者病程1～14 d,平均6.1 d.既往有门静脉高压症、下肢静脉血栓、肠系膜静脉血栓等病史或合并其他高凝状态者18例(66.7%).本组超声、CT、血管造影及外周血D-二聚体(D-Dimer)水平对急性MVT的诊断敏感性分别为70.6%(12/17)、75.0%(6/8)、100%(6/6)、100%(6/6).16例腹腔穿刺抽出血性腹水者均已继发肠管坏死.11例行溶栓、抗凝治疗,4例有效(36.4%).22例接受手术治疗,均行坏死肠管切除术,其中3例术中行经肠系膜上静脉血栓取出术.3例术后并发下肢深静脉血栓,1例并发心肌梗死,3例继发短肠综合征.4例手术后一周内急性MVT复发.8例在发病后1个月内死亡,其中7例为手术后死亡.19例存活的患者均接受了抗凝治疗.15例得到随访,其中7例长期服用抗凝药物.结论 对于急性MVT,血D-Dimer水平的检测以及针对肠系膜血管的影像学检查是尽早确诊的关键.对无活动性出血和腹膜炎的病例,首选考虑进行抗凝溶栓治疗.对已继发肠管坏死者应进行手术.     

肠系膜静脉血栓形成12例报告

本文报告肠系膜静血栓形成１２例。９例有明显易感因素，其中脾切除术后７例，肺心病和妊娠各１例，病人早期多表现为剧烈腹痛，但体征不明显，晚期呈持续性腹痛、腹胀及腹膜刺激征。术前误诊１１例，全组均行手术治疗，死亡８例，治愈４例。作者认为有明显易感因素者，如出现腹痛程度与腹部体征不成比例，应怀疑本病。腹部ｘ线检查、Ｂ超、ＣＴ、肠系膜动脉及门静脉造影等有助于早期诊断。手术以肠切除效果最佳，应切除足够的肠管及其系膜，术后应行抗凝治疗，以预防血栓复发。     

急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成10例诊治体会

目的　探讨肠系膜静脉血栓形成的病因及诊治方法。方法　总结 1992年 7月～ 1999年 6月间收治的 10例急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成的诊治经验。结果　 10例中术前明确诊断 4例。 10例均行手术治疗 ,证实其中肠系膜上静脉血栓形成 9例 ,肠系膜下静脉血栓形成 1例。行肠切除术9例 ,单纯探查术 1例。治愈 6例 ,死亡 4例。结论　该病病因复杂 ,诊断困难 ,预后较差。只有提高认识 ,早期诊断 ,及时正确施治 ,方能提高疗效     

Mesenteric venous thrombosis: a changing clinical entity.

OBJECTIVE: Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) and its clinical spectrum have become better defined following improvements in diagnostic imaging. Historically, MVT has been described as a morbid clinical entity, but this may not necessarily be true. Often, an underlying disease process that predisposes a patient to MVT can be found and potentially treated. This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostics and management of MVT and to review long-term results of treatment. PATIENTS: Thirty-one patients in whom MVT was diagnosed between 1985 and 1999 were retrospectively reviewed. Survivors were contacted for follow-up. There were 15 men and 16 women. Ages ranged from 22 to 80 years (mean, 49.1 years). Thirteen patients had documented hypercoagulability, 10 had a history of previous abdominal surgery, 6 had a prior thrombotic episode, and 4 had a history of cancer. MVT presented as abdominal pain (84%), diarrhea (42%), and nausea/vomiting (32%). Computed tomography (CT) was considered diagnostic in 18 (90%) of 20 patients who underwent the test. CT diagnosed MVT in 15 (100%) of 15 patients presenting with vague abdominal pain or diarrhea. Angiography demonstrated MVT in only five (55.5%) of nine patients. RESULTS: Seven of 31 patients died within 30 days (< 30-day mortality rate, 23%). Twenty-two patients (72%) were initially treated with heparin. Nine patients were not heparinized: four of them died, and two were later given warfarin sodium (Coumadin). Of the 31 patients, only one received lytic therapy. Three patients became symptom free without anticoagulation. Ten patients (32%) underwent bowel resection. Overall, 19 (79%) of 24 survivors were treated with long-term warfarin therapy. Long-term follow-up was obtained in 24 patients (mean, 57.7 months). Twenty-one (88%) of 24 survived in follow-up. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of MVT should be suspected when acute abdominal symptoms develop in patients with prior thrombotic episodes or a documented coagulopathy. CT scanning appears to be the primary diagnostic test of choice. Anticoagulation is recommended. If diagnosed and treated early, MVT is not likely to progress to gangrenous bowel. Recent mortality rates for MVT are lower than previously published, perhaps because of earlier diagnosis and aggressive treatment or possibly because we now readily diagnose a more benign form of the disease, which is due to widespread use of CT scanning.     

Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis. Revisited in a time of diagnostic clarity

Historically, mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) has been found during laparotomy or at autopsy. Improvements in computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (U/S) may identify patients earlier in their clinical course. How has this altered the treatment strategy of the authors? This 10-year retrospective study of acute MVT consisted of 12 men and three women (average age 43). Presenting signs and symptoms were nonspecific in 10/15 patients resulting in multiple diagnostic tests. All CT scans (10) and angiograms (4) revealed mesenteric clot. U/S exams detected clot in 6/9 patients. The remaining five patients exhibited clinical signs requiring operations rather than diagnostic studies. The only consistent laboratory abnormality was an elevated white blood cell count in 12/15 patients. Management of MVT varied. Five patients, heparinized once the diagnosis was made, did not experience dysfunction from MVT. Ten patients were not initially treated with heparin and were divided into three groups. Three patients received neither heparin nor surgery and have had no sequelae. MVT contributed to the death of two patients. The remaining five patients were diagnosed in the operating room following bowel resection. Two of these patients received postoperative heparin and had a favorable outcome. Two of the three patients not heparinized after surgery suffered additional bowel infarction. MVT can present as nonspecific abdominal pain, but also as peritonitis requiring operation. CT and U/S can identify patients with early MVT. It appears that heparin has both a primary therapeutic role in early disease and a postoperative adjunctive role in advanced disease. With such care, these patients can expect an acceptable prognosis (86% survival).