相思子毒素单克隆抗体的制备纯化及鉴定

目的制备相思子毒素单克隆抗体并鉴定其特性。方法以甲醛处理的相思子毒素毒蛋白为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠;取免疫小鼠的脾细胞与Sp2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经间接ELISA法筛选、融合细胞有限稀释法克隆、克隆化杂交瘤细胞株的亚类鉴定等方法筛选出单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株,用杂交瘤细胞株诱生小鼠腹水,应用蛋白A亲和层析法进行单抗的纯化,并对单克隆抗体的特异性进行鉴定。结果获得了4株可稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞2D3、4E6、1C8和1E5,诱生的腹水效价分别为1∶1×107、1∶1×106、1∶1×105、1∶1×106,亚类鉴定表明2D3为IgG1,其余3株均为IgG2b;特异性鉴定显示它们与多种毒素均无交叉反应,经过亲和层析,获得了纯化的单抗。结论获得了特异性的相思子毒素单克隆抗体,为建立相思子毒素的检测及纯化方法奠定了基础,其中4E6的效价最高,可作为检测相思子毒素的核心试剂。     

抗人EGFRvⅢex单克隆抗体的制备及初步鉴定

目的研制抗人表皮生长因子受体突变体Ⅲ胞外区(EGFRvⅢex)单克隆抗体(mAb),并鉴定其特性。方法采用原核表达的EGFRvⅢex蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,以间接ELISA法筛选分泌特异性mAb的杂交瘤细胞,采用蛋白印迹、间接免疫荧光和免疫组化染色鉴定mAb的特异性。结果获得1株可稳定分泌mAb的杂交瘤细胞株。mAb的Ig亚类为IgM,效价为10-6。mAb可识别U87细胞膜上稳定转染的人EGFRvⅢex和SPC-A1细胞膜上高表达的EGFR。结论成功制备1株抗EGFRvⅢex的mAb,经蛋白印迹、免疫荧光和免疫组化染色检测,mAb的特异性良好,能够检测细胞上的EGFR和EGFRvⅢex,为肿瘤的治疗提供了良好的手段。     

人结缔组织生长因子单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

用纯化的人结缔组织生长因子(connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)免疫BalB/C小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术制备CTGF单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody,McAb),获得2株稳定分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞系7C7和8A11。两株细胞染色体众数分别为95条和91条;单抗亚类鉴定结果显示2株单抗均为IgG1型;间接ELISA法测定7C7和8A11腹水效价分别为:1.3×105和8.1×104;相对亲和力:7C7>8A11。CTGF单克隆抗体的制备为相关实验研究和临床诊断提供了条件。     

抗重组人巨细胞病毒单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为了获得抗人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)单克隆抗体(McAb).采用重组HCMV(rhCMV)gp52蛋白片段免疫Balb/c小鼠,将免疫鼠脾细胞与Sp2/0细胞融合,经ELISA法筛选阳性克隆及测定效价,用免疫印迹法进行特异性鉴定.最终获得4株(3E9,5A6,4G12,2H2)能稳定分泌高效价抗rhCMV McAb的杂交瘤细胞.其培养上清的ELISA效价分别为12048,11024,11024,1512;腹水效价分别为1×10-7,1×10-7,1×10-6,2×10-6.它们分别识别gp52蛋白上的2个不同的抗原表位,2H2识别gp52蛋白上的一个表位,3e9,5A6和4G12识别另一个表位.该单抗可作为快速诊断CMV感染的特异性抗体.     

用多糖-破伤风类毒素结合苗制备抗流行性脑膜炎球菌多糖单克隆抗体

［摘要］目的研制抗A群奈瑟脑膜炎球菌荚膜多糖单克隆抗体（GAMP mAb）。方法以A群奈瑟脑膜炎球菌荚膜多糖 破伤风类毒素（GAMP TT）耦联物免疫BALB/c小鼠,用常规细胞融合与克隆化技术获得一株能稳定分泌抗GAMP mAb的杂交瘤细胞株（2E7）。采用秋水仙素阻断法测定其染色体数目,降植烷诱导法制备含该抗体的小鼠腹腔积液,辛酸 硫酸铵沉淀法纯化单克隆抗体,十二烷基硫酸钠 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS PAGE）灰度扫描测定提取物纯度,改良过碘酸盐氧化法制备辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）标记抗GAMP mAb,并采用中和法及其抗原替代法对抗GAMP mAb的特异性进行初步的鉴定。结果所获得的杂交瘤细胞（2E7）具有很好的生长特性,染色体数目约为139.73条;抗体分泌量适中,Ig亚类为IgG1,提取物浓度1.76～2.32 mg•mL 1,纯度97.2%,标记抗GAMP mAb的效价为1：25 600;抗原替代实验与中和实验对其特异性考核,初步结果证实2E7 mAb具有很好的抗GAMP特异性。结论成功制备抗GAMP mAb,为GAMP TT疫苗的生产监测及产品质量控制提供了必要的物质基础。     

抗SARS病毒融合蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与初步鉴定

用基因工程技术表达的SARS-CoV S蛋白片段和N蛋白片段的融合蛋白作抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠,将免疫鼠脾细胞与Sp2/0细胞融合,经ELISA法筛选阳性克隆及测定效价,用免疫印迹法进行特异性鉴定。最终获得2株(1F11和3D2)能稳定分泌抗SARS-CoV融合蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞。其培养上清的ELISA效价分别为1∶1024和1∶512;腹水效价分别为:1×10-6,2×10-5。1F11株识别融合蛋白上的N抗原表位,3D2识别其上的S抗原表位。该单抗可望成为快速诊断SARS-CoV感染的特异性抗体。     

抗Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒表面抗原gD单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

制备抗Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒(Simplex Herpes VirusⅡ,HSV-2)表面抗原gD的单克隆抗体(mAb)并对其性质进行鉴定。以基因工程重组制备纯化的HSV2-gD为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用常规融合制备杂交瘤细胞,通过HAT选择培养、有限稀释法获得单克隆细胞株,用间接ELISA法、Western blot方法筛选和鉴定阳性杂交瘤细胞株。获得了4株可稳定分泌抗HSV2-gD抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1A11C6、1A11F10、4C9D5以及4C9E9,抗体的类型均为IgG1,轻链均为κ型,Western blot结果显示各单抗都可以特异性识别HSV2-gD。用杂交瘤细胞注射小鼠制备腹水,腹水内的抗体效价均大于1×10-5,腹水内的抗体经硫酸铵-辛酸分级沉淀和阴离子交换柱纯化,成功制备了纯度超过95%的高特异性抗体,抗体有较好的特异性。为进一步研究HSV2感染和临床上的预防、诊断及治疗提供了有力的工具。     

人心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为了建立抗人心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(CTnI)单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞株。以重组表达并纯化后的CTnI免疫BalB/C小鼠,采用传统单克隆抗体技术筛选能稳定分泌抗CTnI McAb的杂交瘤细胞株。结果:建立了3株稳定分泌抗CTnI McAb的杂交瘤细胞株2E3,3D4和3E6,腹水效价分别为4×10-5,1×10-6,1×10-5,亲和常数分别为4.8×108,5.2×109,3.6×108,最低检测浓度分别为20,40,20μg/L,其中2E3和3D4可以识别CTnI的不同表位。     

抗金霉素单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

目的制备抗金霉素(CTC)的单克隆抗体(mAb)。方法采用甲醛作为连接基,将CTC与牛血清白蛋白偶联制备免疫原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,取免疫小鼠的脾细胞与Sp2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经筛选克隆,以ELISA法对杂交瘤细胞的稳定性和mAb的特性进行鉴定。结果获得1株可稳定分泌mAb的杂交瘤细胞1H4-C4-C10,间接ELISA方法测定,细胞上清抗体效价为1∶1000,腹水效价为1∶5×105,为IgG1,与四环素交叉反应率为44.4%,与土霉素的交叉反应为8.2%。体外传代培养和冻存复苏后抗体分泌稳定。结论成功制备了针对CTC的mAb,为进一步研制检测CTC的ELISA试剂盒奠定了基础。     

整合素阻断剂AP25单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

目的 制备整合素阻断剂AP25的单克隆抗体,鉴定其效价和特异性.方法 从抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠分离免疫脾细胞,通过杂交瘤技术将免疫脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0融合,筛选杂交瘤细胞株并进行扩大培养.采用小鼠体内诱生法制备腹水,进行纯化后得到抗AP25单克隆抗体,用ELISA和Western blot鉴定其效价和特异性.结果 ELISA检测抗AP25单克隆抗体效价可达1∶2×106,Western blot鉴定抗体特异性良好.结论 获得了能够高表达抗AP25单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株;腹水制备抗体,纯化后得到效价高、特异性良好的AP25单克隆抗体.     

海洋硫酸多糖类药物聚甘古酯单克隆抗体的制备及其特性研究

目的制备和纯化聚甘古酯(911)单克隆抗体,为911药代动力学的免疫学方法的建立提供依据。方法 用还原胺化法,制备911-BSA和911-HSA复合物,间接ELISA法检测抗体生成。以Isostrip^TM试剂盒测定抗体亚型,流式细胞仪测定DNA含量。结果获得了一株阳性杂交瘤细胞DD3,腹水效价可达1×10⁵,其抗体亚型为IgG2a(κ),细胞株的DNA含量约为脾细胞和NS-1细胞之和,亲和力常数为2.0×10⁸ L·mol^-1。结论本实验制备了特异性针对911的单克隆抗体DD3,且与内源性多糖和褐藻酸无交叉反应,为911药代动力学的免疫学检测提供了依据。     

抗哇巴因单克隆抗体的制备及初步鉴定

目的制备抗哇巴因单克隆抗体。方法以半抗原哇巴因与蛋白质载体卵清蛋白(OVA)的耦联物为抗原,免疫BALB/C小鼠,取脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,获得两株分泌抗哇巴因的单克隆抗体的细胞株(OUA1,OUA2)。结果两株细胞染色体数目均为100条左右,证实为杂交瘤细胞;所分泌抗体为小鼠IgG1亚类;小鼠腹水效价测定分别为5×106,8×106;和地高辛交叉反应率分别为1.342%和2.323%;ELISA相加试验表明,两株单克隆抗体可能针对同一抗原决定簇。结论成功制备出小分子物质哇巴因的单克隆抗体。     

ATP柠檬酸裂解酶鼠源单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

目的：制备ATP柠檬酸裂解酶（ACLY）鼠源单克隆抗体（monoclonal antibody，McAb），并进行相关的特异性鉴定。方法：该研究采用原核表达的重组蛋白ACLY为抗原免疫6~8周龄Balb/c雌性小鼠，利用杂交瘤融合细胞技术构建稳定分泌ACLY McAb的杂交瘤细胞，用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、免疫荧光（IF）、Western-blot、免疫组织化学（IHC）、流式细胞术（FCM）等鉴定其生物活性，检测所得抗体的特异性。结果：复筛后获得了一株能稳定分泌ACLY McAb的杂交瘤细胞（5F8D11），Ig亚类为IgG1，轻链为κ链；Western-blot、IHC、IF分析和ELISA检测证实该株ACLY McAb与ACLY具有较高的特异性。结论：该株抗ACLY特异性的McAb的成功制备，为检测ACLY蛋白表达水平及研究ACLY在肿瘤及心血管疾病中的致病机制提供有力的工具，将有助于对肿瘤及心血管疾病患者制定多样合理的治疗方案。     

Preparation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies with High Affinity and Broad Class Specificity against Zearalenone and Its Major Metabolites

This study aimed to detect and monitor total Zearalenone (ZEN) and its five homologs (ZENs) in cereals and feed. The monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with a high affinity and broad class specificity against ZENs were prepared, and the conditions of a heterologous indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA) were preliminarily optimized based on the ZEN mAbs. The immunogen ZEN-BSA was synthesized using the oxime active ester method (OAE) and identified using infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV). The coating antigen ZEN-OVA was obtained via the 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether method (BDE). Balb/c mice were immunized using a high ZEN-BSA dose with long intervals and at multiple sites. A heterologous indirect non-competitive ELISA (inELISA) and an icELISA were used to screen the suitable cell fusion mice and positive hybridoma cell lines. The ZEN mAbs were prepared by inducing ascites in vivo. The standard curve was established, and the sensitivity and specificity of the ZEN mAbs were determined under the optimized icELISA conditions. ZEN-BSA was successfully synthesized at a conjugation ratio of 17.2:1 (ZEN: BSA). Three hybridoma cell lines, 2D7, 3C2, and 4A10, were filtered, and their mAbs corresponded to an IgG1 isotype with a κ light chain. The mAbs titers were between (2.56 to 5.12) × 10² in supernatants and (1.28 to 5.12) × 10⁵ in the ascites. Besides, the 50% inhibitive concentration (IC50) values were from 18.65 to 31.92 μg/L in the supernatants and 18.12 to 31.46 μg/L in the ascites. The affinity constant (Ka) of all of the mAbs was between 4.15 × 10⁹ and 6.54 × 10⁹ L/mol. The IC50 values of mAb 2D7 for ZEN, α-ZEL, β-ZEL, α-ZAL, β-ZAL and ZAN were 17.23, 16.71, 18.27, 16.39, 20.36 and 15.01 μg/L, and their cross-reactivities (CRs, %) were 100%, 103.11%, 94.31%, 105.13%, 84.63%, and 114.79%, respectively, under the optimized icELISA conditions. The limit of detection (LOD) for ZEN was 0.64 μg/L, and its linear working range was between 1.03 and 288.55 μg/L. The mAbs preparation and the optimization of icELISA conditions promote the potential development of a rapid test ELISA kit, providing an alternative method for detecting ZEN and its homologs in cereals and feed.     

海藻酸钠-聚左赖氨酸-海藻酸钠微囊包裹杂交瘤细胞的研究

目的对海藻酸钠-聚左赖氨酸-海藻酸钠(APA)微囊包裹杂交瘤细胞进行初步研究。方法用人IgG₁免疫小鼠，取免疫后脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系SP2/0细胞融合，获得分泌抗人IgGκ链单克隆抗体(mAb)的杂交瘤细胞株，命名为JY-A1；通过优化制备条件，制备包裹杂交瘤细胞的APA微囊，并考察形态学；比较不同微囊膜的机械强度和化学强度；用ELISA法测定mAb的释放。小鼠腹腔注射微囊，不同时间回收观察。结果相同条件下制得的微囊粒径均匀、表面光滑。体外培养条件下mAb能持续透过微囊膜。小鼠腹腔注射微囊后无异常，回收的微囊大部分形态完整。结论采用高压静电成囊技术制备的APA微囊具有较高的膜强度，对细胞分泌产物mAb能持续稳定释放，在小鼠体内有较好的生物相容性。     

Stability of Monoclonal Antibodies at High-Concentration: Head-to-Head Comparison of the IgG1 and IgG4 Subclass

Few studies have so far directly compared the impact of antibody subclass on protein stability. This case study investigates two mAbs (one IgG₁ and one IgG₄) with identical variable region. Investigations of mAbs that recognize similar epitopes are necessary to identify possible differences between the IgG subclasses. Both physical and chemical stability were evaluated by applying a range of methods to measure formation of protein aggregates [sizeexclusion chromatography (SEC)–HPLC and UV340 nm], structural integrity (circular dichroism and FTIR), thermodynamic stability (differential scanning calorimetry), colloidal interactions (dynamic light scattering), and fragmentation and deamidation (SEC–HPLC and capillary isoelectric focusing). The impact of pH (4–9) and ionic strength (10 and 150 mm) was investigated using highlyconcentrated (150 mg/mL) mAb formulations. Lower conformational stability was identified for the IgG₄ resulting in increased levels of soluble aggregates. The IgG₁ was chemically less stable as compared with the IgG₄, presumably because of the higher flexibility in the IgG₁ hinge region. The thermodynamic stability of individual mAb domains was also addressed in detail. The stability of our mAb molecules is clearly affected by the IgG framework, and this study suggests that subclass switching may alter aggregation propensity and aggregation pathway and thus potentially improve the overall formulation stability while retaining antigen specificity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:115–127, 2014     

分析单克隆抗体电荷异质性的成像毛细管等电聚焦电泳技术平台方法的建立

目的  采用成像毛细管等电聚焦电泳技术（imaged capillary isoelectric focusing, iCIEF）建立分析单克隆抗体（单抗）电荷异质性的平台方法,并用不同亚型单抗（IgG1、IgG2、IgG4）确认该平台方法的适用性。方法  优化该平台方法的部分参数,包括两性电解质和阴极稳定剂体积、聚焦时间和尿素浓度。采用3种亚型单抗（IgG1、IgG2、IgG4）对该平台方法的专属性、精密度、线性、准确度和耐用性进行验证。结果   对样品（单抗）的处理条件为：3 mol/L尿素-0.5%甲基纤维素溶液70 μl、两性电解质（pH3~10）4 μl、阴极稳定剂（500 mmol/L 精氨酸）2 μl、等电点 6.14和9.99 Marker 各2 μl,最终完成0.2 mg/ml单抗（样品）的制备。检测参数：预聚焦1 500 V、1 min,聚焦3 000 V、8 min。该平台方法的专属性良好,制剂缓冲液对检测无干扰。重复检测6份平行样品以及不同分析员于不同时间检测12份样品各成分含量的相对标准偏差均符合规定的要求。单抗（样品）终浓度为0.1～0.3 mg/ml时,主要和酸性成分的线性决定系数（R2）≥0.99,碱性成分的线性R2≥0.98。该平台方法检测样品各成分的准确度为92～105%。耐用性实验设计结果表明,两性电解质（pH3~10）体积和毛细管批次对该平台方法有显著影响。结论  建立的iCIEF平台方法分离度较高,精密度、准确度和耐用性良好,为单抗制品的电荷异质性表征和质量控制提供了更有效的工具。     

Antibody Responses in Mice to Particles Formed from Adsorption of a Murine Monoclonal Antibody onto Glass Microparticles

Immunogenicity of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a concern because of the effects of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) on therapeutic efficacy. Particulate matter has been suggested as a potential contributing factor to immunogenicity. In this study, we investigated ADA levels in mice in response to administration of a murine immunoglobulin G (IgG)2c/κ mAb (mAb1) that was generated in C57BL/6J mice. Particles of mAb1 were formed by adsorbing the protein to glass microparticles. Formulations containing microparticles were administered subcutaneously to mice of either the syngeneic strain, C57Bl/6J, or the allogeneic strain, BALB/c. ADA levels were measured using an isotype-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Whereas BALB/c mice showed strong IgG1 and IgG2b responses against both the particulate and native mAb1 samples, adsorption of mAb1 to particles rendered it slightly more immunogenic than its native, soluble form. In BALB/c mice, immunoglobulin M (IgM) was produced after the first week of injections and then faded gradually. In contrast, C57BL/6J mice showed moderate IgM, IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG3 responses to injections of glass particle-adsorbed mAb1. ADA responses were higher in the allogeneic BALB/c mice, which do not produce mAbs of the IgG2c/κ isotype. Thus, the presence of both foreign epitopes and particles may be important in inducing ADA responses. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:78–89, 2014     

人绒促性素单克隆抗体的制备与分离纯化

目的制备人绒促性素(hCG)单克隆抗体。方法hCG抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0按5∶1融合,间接ELISA法筛选阳性孔,有限稀释法进行克隆化培养;制备腹水抗体;间接ELISA法测定抗体效价;采用HiTrap rProtein A FF亲和色谱柱纯化抗体。结果得到2株能稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,细胞培养上清中抗体效价达10-3以上,腹水抗体效价达10-7以上,纯化后的单抗纯度达98%以上,回收率达75%。结论成功获得两株能稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,可用于早孕、肿瘤等诊断的研究。