内镜下逆行胰胆管造影加取石术诊治胆总管结石

[目的]评价内镜下逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)同时行乳头括约肌切开术(EST)对胆总管结石的诊断与治疗价值.[方法]回顾性分析98例经B超检查诊断为胆总管结石的患者,先行ERCP检查,再行内镜下EST治疗胆总管结石.[结果]98例中ERCP准确诊断胆总管结石96例,怀疑胆总管结石1例,未发现异常1例,其确诊率为97.9%.96例EST后采取网篮取石、球囊取石和机械碎石网篮取石成功,1例失败.[结论]ERcP对胆总管结石诊断价值较高.EST是一种治疗胆总管结石安全、有效、简便的方法.     

不同方法对胆囊切除术后胆总管结石患者的诊疗评价

目的 本研究旨在探讨内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)对胆囊切除术后胆总管结石患者的诊疗效果.方法 将58例行ERCP检查或治疗的术后胆总管结石患者资料作回顾性分析,比较ERCP与超声(US)、计算机断层扫描(CT)、磁共振胰胆管造影术(MRCP)等影像学检查对于胆囊术后胆总管结石患者诊断是否存在差异以及评价ERCP对术后胆总管结石的治疗效果.结果 对术后胆总管结石的诊断,ERCP优于US、CT、MRCP等影像学检查,且ERCP对此病治疗效果良好.结论 ERCP是诊断和治疗胆囊切除术后胆总管结石的有效、安全、微创手段,可作为术后胆总管结石临床首选的诊疗方法.     

腹腔镜内镜联合同步治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石10例报道

腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)作为胆囊结石的主要治疗手段已被普遍接受.胆总管结石可供选择的手术方式包括内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)取石术、开腹胆总管探查取石术、腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术等.目前胆囊结石合并胆总管结石最常用的方案为先ERCP去除胆总管结石后再行LC.但LC前ERCP选择性胆管插管困难,常会导致胆管取石失败.本研究采用腹腔镜内镜联合同步治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石,现报道如下.     

ERCP后即时LC在治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石中的应用价值

目的对比分析内镜逆行胰胆管造影(endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography,ERCP)胆总管取石后不同时间施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecysctomy,LC)治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效、安全性及治疗费用,探讨ERCP术后即时LC的可行性、经济性。方法回顾分析我院ERCP联合LC治疗的胆囊结石合并胆总管结石成功的患者55例,其中31例(A组)在ERCP术后1周左右行LC术,24例(B组)ERCP成功后即时行LC术。结果两组患者手术时间、术后并发症发生率无显著差异,B组住院时间及住院费用明显低于A组。结论 ERCP后即时LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石是安全、经济、有效的方法。     

LC联合术中ERCP一期治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）联合术中内镜下逆行胆胰管造影（ERCP）及乳头切开（EST）取石一期治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石的可行性和安全性。方法回顾分析应用LC联合术中ERCP一期治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石36例的临床资料,分析原发病、手术方式、术后康复、住院时间及并发症。结果术前明确胆总管结石31例中10例先行术中ERCP取石,取石成功后再行LC;余21例和5例术前怀疑胆总管结石、术中经胆囊管胆道造影（TCC）证实胆总管结石者先行LC,继而行ERCP取石。LC手术均获成功,ERCP取石成功率为97.22%。术后5例出现一过性血淀粉酶升高,无明显出血、胆漏等并发症,术后住院平均为4 d。结论 LC联合术中ERCP一期治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石安全、有效,可避免不必要的ERCP及因术后ERCP失败而致患者再次手术。     

双镜联合一次性治疗胆囊结石并发胆总管结石的临床研究

目的 探讨应用腹腔镜、十二指肠镜联合同期一次性治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的可行性.方法 2009年11月至2012年3月,对150例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的患者采用双镜同期治疗.即在手术室在全身麻醉下先行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC),随后行内镜逆行胆胰管造影(ERCP),采用乳头括约肌切开(EST)或球囊扩张(EPBD)取石,然后放置鼻胆管引流(ENBD).观察疗效和并发症发生情况.结果 150例患者均成功完成LC和ERCP操作,术中术后未发生出血、穿孔、重症胰腺炎等严重的并发症.术后胃肠功能恢复时间及住院时间短.术后随访期间行腹部B超检查,均未发现胆总管残留结石或再生结石.结论 在同一次麻醉下同期完成LC和ERCP是安全可行的,具有创伤小、恢复快等优点.     

ERCP联合LC治疗胆总管结石合并胆囊结石临床体会

目的探讨内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）治疗胆总管结石合并胆囊结石的疗效。方法对术前确诊的65例胆总管结石患者先行ERCP,1～3d后再行LC。结果65例中ERCP取石成功60例,成功率92．3％;5例失败改行开腹手术。ERCP术后21例出现血、尿淀粉酶升高,2例出血,经治疗后好转。LC术后未出现严重并发症。结论ERCP与LC联合应用治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石,有较好的疗效,具有创伤小、效果好、并发症少、恢复快的优点。     

两种不同术式治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石临床疗效对比分析

目的对比传统开腹胆总管切开取石+胆囊切除术与经十二指肠镜逆行胰胆管造影(endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography,ERCP)+内镜乳头括约肌切开取石术(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)+腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016-09～2017-09在该院接受治疗的88例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的基本资料。将上述患者分为开腹组(开腹胆总管切开取石+胆囊切除术,44例)和ERCP+EST+LC组(44例)。比较两组患者的一般临床资料、手术时间、住院时间、住院费用、术前术后肝功能及术后并发症情况。结果两组术前谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)方面比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05),而在手术时间、住院时间、住院费用、术后ALT、术后AST、术后总并发症发生率方面比较差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论 ERCP+EST+LC组治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石总体优于传统开腹胆总管切开取石+胆囊切除术,且手术时间及住院时间短,住院费用少,术后肝功能损伤小,安全性较高,值得推广。     

腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石

随着腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的广泛应用和内镜技术的日臻成熟,使腹腔镜联合十二指肠镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石成为可能.我院自2002年10月至2005年12月对诊断为胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的48例病例行ERCP、EST联合LC治疗,报道如下.     

结石成分与ERCP胆总管取石联合胆囊切除术后胆总管结石复发相关性研究

[目的]探讨结石成分对经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)胆总管结石取石术联合胆囊切除术后胆总管结石复发的影响。[方法]收集行ERCP胆总管结石取石联合胆囊切除术患者176例,观察胆总管结石成分对术后胆总管结石复发影响情况,采用非条件二元Logistic回归分析评价多个危险因素与术后结石复发的关系。[结果]164例(93.2%)患者获得随访,随访12~36个月,期间共有28例胆总管结石复发,总复发率15.2%,其中胆色素组、胆固醇组、混合结石组复发率分别为13.0%、44.4%、14.8%,胆固醇组复发率最高且与其他2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);危险因素分析:胆道感染(OR=3.267,95%CI:1.07~8.46,P=0.032)、胆总管扩张(OR=3.751,95%CI:2.2~9.87,P=0.035)、结石成分(OR=15.239,95%CI:3.65~34.8,P0.001)是ERCP胆总管取石联合胆囊切除术后胆总管结石复发的独立危险因素,其中结石成分危险性最高。[结论]胆道感染、胆总管扩张及结石成分是ERCP胆总管取石联合胆囊切除术后胆总管结石复发的独立的预测因素,胆固醇组复发率高,应加强预防性治疗。     

Role of ERCP and Therapeutic Biliary Endoscopy in Association with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Laparoscopic removal is rapidly becoming the preferred method of cholecystectomy; however, choledocholithiasis cannot usually be managed with a laparoscopic approach. Combined endoscopic sphincterotomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a potential solution to this problem. To determine the feasibility of this combined procedure we studied 41 patients who had both endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Indications for ERCP included jaundice, gallstone pancreatitis, dilated ducts on sonography, elevated liver enzymes, or stones seen on operative cholangiography. Twenty-eight patients had ERCP preoperatively. Nine patients had common duct stones; these were successfully removed from eight patients after sphincterotomy. Two patients had unexpected strictures requiring a change in surgical approach. Thirteen patients had ERCP postoperatively. Eight of those patients had common duct stones, and all were successfully removed following endoscopic sphincterotomy. Three patients had postoperative strictures, one of which was treated by endoscopic stent placement. No complications as a result of ERCP or sphincterotomy were encountered. ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy can be safely performed both preoperatively and as early as 1 day postoperatively. If indicators of choledocholithiasis are present, preoperative ERCP is preferred, because stone removal occasionally is unsuccessful, and cholangiographic findings may change the operative approach. Postoperative ERCP can define and, in some instances, treat biliary tract injuries resulting from laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

Laparoscopy in cholecysto-choledocholithiasis

Gallstone disease is one of the most common problems in the gastroenterology and is associated with significant morbidity. It may present as stones in the gallbladder (cholecystolithiasis) or in the common bile duct (choledocholithiasis). At the end of the 1980s laparoscopy was introduced and first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 1985. The laparoscopic technique for removing the gallbladder is the current treatment of choice, although indications for open surgery exist. To perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy as safe as possible multiple safety measures were developed. The gold standard for diagnosing and removing common bile duct stones is Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The surgical treatment option for choledocholithiasis is laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration. If experience is not available, than ERCP followed by elective cholecystectomy is by far the best therapeutic modality. The present review will discuss the use, benefits and drawbacks of laparoscopy in patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis.     

Endoscopic ultrasonography versus cholangiography for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis

Background: Choledocholithiasis is a major source of morbidity among patients undergoing cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstones. There is no consensus on the best approach to diagnosing bile duct stones. We compared the safety, accuracy, diagnostic yield, and cost of EUS- and ERCP-based approaches. Methods: Sixty-four consecutive pre- and post-cholecystectomy patients referred for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for suspected choledocholithiasis were prospectively evaluated in a blinded fashion. All were stratified into risk groups using predefined criteria. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and ERCP were sequentially performed by two endoscopists. Results: The success rates of EUS and ERCP were 98% and 94%, respectively. The accuracy of EUS for diagnosing choledocholithiasis was 94%. EUS provided an additional or alternative diagnosis to bile duct stones in 21% of patients. The complication rate of EUS was significantly lower than diagnostic ERCP. An EUS-based strategy costs less than diagnostic ERCP in patients with low, moderate, or intermediate risk. Conclusions: EUS is comparably accurate, but safer and less costly than ERCP for evaluating patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. It is useful in patients with an increased risk of having common bile duct stones based on clinical criteria and those with contraindications for or prior unsuccessful ERCP. EUS may enable selective performance of ERCP and improve the cost-effectiveness of diagnosing choledocholithiasis. (Gastrointest Endosc 1998;47:439-48.)     

Value of magnetic resonance cholangiography in the preoperative diagnosis of common bile duct stones

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in the preoperative diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. METHODS: A total of 147 consecutive patients underwent MRC for clinical and biological signs of common bile duct stones. ERCP was then carried out in 101 patients in whom there was a past history of cholecystectomy. The remaining 46 patients without a past history of biliary surgery underwent cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiography (IOC). The diagnosis obtained by MRC was compared with the final diagnosis established after endoscopic or surgical removal of calculi. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients had choledocholithiasis (single or multiple, including 15 cases of microlithiasis). There were no false-positive results with MRC. The false-negative results were caused mainly by small stones <3 mm in diameter, and to a lesser extent, cholangitis. Overall, the sensitivity was 93% and the specificity 100% for MRC in detecting common bile duct stones. The sensitivity and specificity of ERCP were respectively 94% and 100%, versus 93.5% and 93.3% for IOC. There was no statistically significant difference, however, between MRC and the other techniques. CONCLUSION: MRC is a key technique in the preoperative diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. Its diagnostic value is comparable to ERCP, but it appears to be more specific than IOC. Nevertheless, its diagnostic capability remains limited in cases of microlithiasis and cholangitis.     

胆源性肝损伤临床特征分析及治疗手段探讨

目的 分析总结胆源性肝损伤(BLI)患者的临床特征,探讨磁共振胰胆管造影(MRCP)阴性的BLI患者内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)治疗和预后。方法 2018年1月～2019年12月我院收治的BLI患者77例,其中MRCP检查为阴性组34例和MRCP阳性组43例。根据病情,给予内镜乳头括约肌切开术(EST)或狭窄处扩张术治疗。结果 在77例患者中,有黄疸者70例(92.2%),腹痛者65例(84.4%),发热者27例(35.1%);腹部超声检查提示胆囊结石48例(62.3%),胆囊切除术后14例(18.2%); ERCP术后诊断为胆总管结石者71例(92.2%),MRCP阴性组胆总管泥沙样结石占91.2%,显著高于MRCP阳性组的9.3%,两组性别、年龄以及腹痛、黄疸发生率比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05);MRCP阴性组患者发热发生率为20.6%,显著低于MRCP阳性组的46.5% (P＜0.05),MRCP阴性组患者中性粒细胞百分数为(66.6±14.4)%,显著低于MRCP阳性组【(74.6±14.8)%, P＜0.05】;两组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)和总胆红素(TBIL)水平无显著性差异(P>0.01);MRCP阴性组与阳性组ERCP术成功率和术后并发症发生率比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。结论 胆总管泥沙样结石是MRCP阴性的BLI患者最常见的病因。对于MRCP阴性的BLI患者,如伴有发热或/和中性粒细胞百分数升高,应高度怀疑BLI的可能,而给予相应的处理。     

胆囊切除术后发生原发性胆总管结石70例临床分析

目的探讨胆囊切除与原发性胆总管结石的关系以及原发性胆总管结石手术治疗模式。方法收集新安县人民医院2007年1月至2013年12月收治的70例胆囊切除术后远期胆总管结石患者的临床资料,结合有关文献进行了分析。结果 70例患者均行手术治疗,术中证实胆总管结石均为胆色素结石。术后并发症:切口感染8例,肺部感染5例,无胆漏、胆道出血等严重并发症,均治愈出院。胆总管结石复发8例,分别于结石复发后2.5~4年再次手术,行胆总管切开取石加胆总管离断、Roux-Y胆总管空肠吻合术治愈。结论胆囊切除术后远期发生的原发性胆总管结石,是一种老年疾病,它不是胆囊切除术后的远期并发症,胆囊切除若未发生胆道损伤,就不会增加原发性胆总管结石的发生率。原发性胆总管结石须手术治疗,对于胆总管扩张直径2.5 cm者或复发病例,建议行开腹手术胆总管离断、Roux-Y胆总管空肠吻合术。     

十二指肠乳头旁憩室对内镜十二指肠乳头切开术治疗胆总管结石及其并发症的影响

目的 探讨十二指肠乳头旁憩室（juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum,JPDD）与胆总管结石的关系,以及对内镜乳头括约肌切开术（EST）治疗胆总管结石和术后并发症的影响.方法 回顾性分析513例ERCP病例,其中行EST治疗胆总管结石253例,合并JPDD的胆总管结石51例.分析JPDD与胆总管结石发生的关系;比较合并JPDD胆总管结石组与未合并JPDD胆总管结石组ERCP插管成功率、EST胆总管取石成功率及其并发症发生率的差异.结果 JPDD组原发性胆总管结石发生率显著高于无JPDD组（18.4％ VS 8.9％,P＜0.01）.与未合并JPDD胆总管结石组比较,合并JPDD胆总管结石组ERCP插管成功率无显著性差异（96.1％ VS 99.5％,P＞0.05）,而EST取石成功率明显降低（91.8％ VS 99.5％,P＜0.05）,EST术后创口出血显著增多（11.1％ VS 1.9％,P＜0.01）,其他近期并发症及远期并发症发生率均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.结论 JPDD与原发性胆总管结石的发生相关;JPDD对EST治疗胆总管结石有一定影响;EST仍是治疗合并JPDD胆总管结石的一种相对安全、有效的治疗手段.     

两种微创术式治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的效果比较

目的比较腹腔镜下胆囊切除术(LC)联合内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)与LC联合腹腔镜下胆总管切开取石术(LCBDE)治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的效果。方法回顾性收集2019年1月至2021年12月广西医科大学附属武鸣医院收治的64例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者,其中按计划筛选出接受LC+LCBDE(LCBDE组)患者32例,接受LC+ERCP(ERCP组)患者32例。比较两组患者相关临床指标。结果ERCP组的手术时间(3.0±1.0)d,短于LCBDE组的(4.7±1.4)d;术后住院时间(5.3±2.0)d,短于LCBDE组的(13.1±4.7)d;住院费用低于LCBDE组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论LC+LCBDE和LC+ERCP均为治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石有效且安全的治疗方式,但LC+ERCP更能缩短手术时间和住院时间,减少住院费用,在适应证下,可作为首选治疗方式。     

Are duodenal diverticula associated with choledocholithiasis?

The results of 250 consecutive ERCP examinations were analysed in order to assess whether or not juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula are associated with choledocholithiasis. Cholangiography showed common bile duct stones in 71 patients of whom 25 (35%) had periampullary diverticula. Clear bile ducts were shown in 99, of whom only 12 had diverticula (12%) (p less than 0.05). After allowing for the differences in age between the two groups, patients with choledocholithiasis were 2.6 times (95% CI: 1.14-5.93) more likely to have a periampullary diverticulum than patients without choledocholithiasis. In the remaining 80 patients, cholangiography was either not successful or not indicated. Further clinical follow up and/or investigation have failed to reveal duct stones in any and only 10 (13%) of these 80 patients had diverticula. Overall, 47 patients had diverticula: 25 (53%) had duct stones, four may have had stones and 18 had none. Three or more years after cholecystectomy 59% of patients with duct stones had diverticula, while only 13% with clear ducts had them. These results show a significant association between periampullary duodenal diverticula and choledocholithiasis.     

Mechanical lithotripsy and/or stenting in management of difficult common bile duct stones

BACKGROUND:Mechanical lithotripsy and/or stent insertion is the alternative therapeutic approach in difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)case.This study was designed to investigate the appropriate treatment for extraction of bile duct stones in difficult cases of ERCP. METHODS:Between 2000 and 2008,744 ERCP procedures were performed in 592 patients with choledocholithiasis in our endoscopy unit.The demographic features,and clinical and laboratory findings were collected from a pros...