抑郁障碍患者人格特征与发病关系的研究

目的探讨抑郁障碍患者的人格特征与其疾病发病间的关系。方法采用自评抑郁量表(SDS)、艾森克人格问卷 (EPQ)、应对方式评定量表 (WCRS)和归因方式问卷 (ASQ)对 76名抑郁障碍患者进行测试 ,同时选取 84名健康被试进行对照研究。结果①抑郁组患者在EPQ中神经质 (N)与精神质 (P)的得分显著高于健康组。②WCRS的结果显示在“宣泄接纳”、“退避调节”两个因子上 ,抑郁组的平均得分低于健康组。③在ASQ的得分中 ,抑郁组在负性事件归因的自身性、持久性和整体性均显著高于健康组。④抑郁障碍患者的“神经质”人格特质与应对方式的“宣泄接纳”和“退避调节”因子呈负相关 (r = 0 .474)。结论抑郁障碍患者的人格特征可表现为较强的神经质及孤僻、交往障碍 ,他们这种人格特征及应对和归因方式在其发病过程中起着重要作用。     

抑郁障碍患者人格特征与发病关系的研究

目的探讨抑郁障碍患者的人格特征与其疾病发病间的关系.方法采用自评抑郁量表(SDS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、应对方式评定量表(WCRS)和归因方式问卷(ASQ)对76名抑郁障碍患者进行测试,同时选取84名健康被试进行对照研究.结果①抑郁组患者在EPQ中神经质(N)与精神质(P)的得分显著高于健康组.②WCRS的结果显示在"宣泄接纳"、"退避调节"两个因子上,抑郁组的平均得分低于健康组.③在ASQ的得分中,抑郁组在负性事件归因的自身性、持久性和整体性均显著高于健康组.④抑郁障碍患者的"神经质"人格特质与应对方式的"宣泄接纳"和"退避调节"因子呈负相关(r=-0.474).结论抑郁障碍患者的人格特征可表现为较强的神经质及孤僻、交往障碍,他们这种人格特征及应对和归因方式在其发病过程中起着重要作用.     

大肠癌患者的归因风格与人格特征

目的为探索大肠癌归因风格与人格特征的关系,为心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用病例对照的研究方法,对45例大肠癌患者(研究组)及49例健康人(对照组)采用统一的心理学问卷:归因方式问卷(ASQ)、大五人格问卷简化版(NEO-FFI)进行测评。结果大肠癌组患者大五人格特征在神经质、宜人性、认真性得分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);大肠癌患者对正性事件的归因风格在普遍维度上与外倾性(r=-0.362,P<0.05)呈负相关,与宜人性呈负相关(r=-0.449,P<0.01);对负性事件的内外维度与开放性呈正相关(r=0.307,P<0.05),稳定维度与认真性呈负相关(r=-0.301,P<0.05);大肠癌组归因风格各维度与对照组相比:正性事件的内外维度t=2.874,P=0.005;稳定维度t=4.477,P=0.000;普遍维度t=4.461,P=0.000;总体得分t=5.181,P=0.000,以及负性事件的稳定维度t=4.706,P=0.000;总体得分t=3.283,P=0.000。结论大肠癌患者的归因风格倾向于内在归因,且受人格特征的影响;对正性事件的归因较负性事件受人格特征的影响更为明显。     

青少年抑郁障碍人格与父母教养方式、家庭环境的相关性研究

目的 探讨青少年抑郁障碍人格特征、父母教养方式、家庭环境的特点,为青少年抑郁障碍实施家庭干预、心理治疗提供依据。 方法 采用病例对照的研究方法,选取100例青少年抑郁症患者(研究组)和100例健康青少年(对照组),采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)、父母教养方式问卷(EMBU)对2组受试者进行测评,并对结果进行分析。 结果 ①青少年抑郁障碍与健康青少年在人格、父母教养方式和家庭环境三方面差异均存在统计学意义;②研究组在内外向维度评分显著低于对照组,在神经质维度评分显著高于对照组(P＜0.01);研究组矛盾性得分显著增高,亲密度、情感表达、独立性、成功性、娱乐性、知识性得分较对照组显著降低(P＜0.01);研究组父母情感温暖与理解因子分显著低于对照组,惩罚与严厉、拒绝与否认因子及母亲的过分干涉与保护、父亲的过分保护因子分显著高于对照组(P＜0.01);③父母教养方式中的情感温暖与理解,与EPQ的内外向因子呈正相关,与精神质和神经质因子呈负相关,而父母双方的拒绝否认、惩罚严厉与EPQ的内外向因子呈负相关,父母双方的拒绝否认和惩罚严厉与EPQ的精神质和神经质因子呈正相关;家庭环境的亲密度、娱乐性与EPQ的4个维度均相关。 结论 ①相对于正常青少年,青少年抑郁障碍的人格、父母教养方式、家庭环境存在更多的问题;②不良家庭环境、不合理的父母教养方式会导致青少年人格问题、抑郁情绪的出现,改善青少年抑郁障碍患者的家庭环境、父母教养方式,会促进患者人格成长、疾病康复。      

轻性抑郁障碍与重性抑郁障碍生活事件及人格特征对照研究

目的 分析和比较轻性抑郁障碍(MinD)与重性抑郁障碍(MDD)的临床症状、生活事件、社会支持、心理应对方式及人格特征.方法 选择288例MDD患者(MDD组)和222例MinD患者(MinD组)作为研究对象,以汉密尔顿抑郁量表-17(HAMD-17)、生活事件量表(LES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)及艾森克个性(成人)问卷(EPQ)作为评估工具,分析和比较两组患者的抑郁症状、心理应激、社会支持、心理应对方式及人格特征.结果 MinD组与抑郁有关症状的发生率和HAMD-17评分均显著低于MDD组(P<0.01, P<0.05);两组生活事件发生率相近,但MDD组负性生活事件应激强度明显强于MinD组(P<0.01).PSSS、TCSQ和EPQ显示,与MDD组比较,MinD组朋友支持因子分较低;较多使用积极应对方式;内外向因子分较高,神经质因子分较低(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 与MDD比较,MinD的抑郁症状发生率低;对负性生活事件的心理应激较轻,多采取积极应对方式;同时具有较好的人格特征.     

军人失眠症患者防御机制与心理应激及人格特征的相关研究

目的:研究军人失眠症患者的心理防御机制特点与人格特征和心理应激的关系.方法:采用防御方式问卷(DSQ)、生活事件量表(LES)和艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对某三级甲等部队医院心理科收治的48例失眠症官兵(研究组)和随机抽取某部50名官兵(对照组)进行调查.结果:①军人失眠症患者更多采用不成熟和中间型防御机制(P<0.05或0.01),最常用采用的6种心理防御因子是:抱怨、回避、退缩、躯体化、幻想、消耗倾向;②军人失眠症患者人格特征多为内向、神经质个性,防御机制与人格特征存在着显著的相关性(P<0.05或0.01).③研究组所遭遇生活事件总数、负性生活事件及正性生活事件均显著高于对照组(P<0.05或0.01),以负性生活事件为主;防御机制同所经历的负性生活事件有显著相关性(P<0.01).结论:军人失眠症患者呈现不同程度的人格缺陷,在应对应激事件时更多采用不成熟和中间型防御机制.     

归因训练对食管癌患者术后负面情绪的影响

目的:探讨归因训练对食管癌患者术后负面情绪的影响。方法:选取安庆市立医院收治并拟行手术治疗的124例食管癌患者,随机分为观察组与对照组各62例。对照组实施常规干预,观察组在常规干预基础上给予归因训练。对比干预前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、归因方式问卷(ASQ)评分及中文版Mishel疾病不确定感量表(MUIS)评分,并比较患者满意度。结果:两组干预后HAMD、HAMA、ASQ量表中负性事件评分及MUIS量表总评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),ASQ量表中正性事件评分均高于干预前(P<0.05),但观察组干预后上述各项评分改善程度均优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者总满意率(93.55%)高于对照组(80.65%)(P<0.05)。结论:归因训练可有效缓解食管癌患者术后负性情绪,促进患者形成积极的归因方式,减轻其不确定感,并提高患者满意度。     

抑郁症共病因素及其人格特征的相关与回归分析

目的:探讨有无焦虑症状的抑郁症患者的应付方式与人格的关系.方法:对88例抑郁症患者及与之匹配的90例正常对照组进行抑郁自评量表(SDS), 焦虑自评量表(SAS), 艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和应付方式问卷评定.结果:与正常对照组相比,抑郁症患者SDS, SAS, EPQ的N, P两个维度的得分高于正常对照组,而EPQ的E维度、积极应付方式得分低于对照组. 有焦虑症状抑郁症患者组相对于无焦虑症状抑郁症患者组,SDS, SAS, EPQ的N, P两个维度的得分明显较高,积极应付方式得分明显较低. 相关、回归分析表明SAS, EPQ的E维度及积极应付方式与抑郁症状严重程度的关系更为密切,这三者可解释抑郁症状严重程度变异的52.0%.结论:抑郁症患者发病期的抑郁症状、焦虑症状、神经质、精神质比对照组明显,这些特征在伴有焦虑症状的抑郁症患者中表现更为明显. 有焦虑症状的抑郁症患者比无焦虑症状的患者人格特征更偏内向,更少采用积极的应付方式. 较少采用积极应付方式可能是抑郁症状患者人格特征之一,纳入人格特质的E维度之中.     

慢性手部湿疹的心理社会因素

目的：探讨慢性手部湿疹(chronic hand eczema,CHE)患者的心理社会因素。方法：收集CHE患者240例, 正常对照(normal control,NC)221例,采用一般情况问卷、艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,EPQ)、 抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety,SAS)及湿疹患者生活质量量表 (Eczema Quality of Life Scale,EQOLS)测评受试者人格特征、情绪状态、生活质量等心理社会因素及与疾病严重程度的 相关性。结果：EPQ量表得分比较,CHE组内外向(E)维度得分显著低于NC组(P<0.01),神经质(N)维度得分显著高于 NC组(P<0.01);精神质(P)维度和掩饰(L)维度得分两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CHE组的SDS量表和SAS量表得 分均显著高于NC组(P<0.01)。EQOLS量表得分比较,CHE组的疾病、心理、生理、社会各维度、量表总分及总体生 活质量评分均显著高于NC组(P<0.01)。CHE患者的皮损程度和与瘙痒水平与SDS,SAS,EQOLS量表的疾病、生理、 心理、社会各维度、总体生活质量、总分均有显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论：CHE患者个性更偏内向,情绪不稳定;抑 郁、焦虑水平较高,生活质量水平下降,且均与病情严重程度相关。     

轻性抑郁障碍与重性抑郁障碍生活事件及人格特征对照研究

目的分析和比较轻性抑郁障碍（MinD）与重性抑郁障碍（MDD）的临床症状、生活事件、社会支持、心理应对方式及人格特征。方法选择288例MDD患者（MDD组）和222例MinD患者（MinD组）作为研究对象,以汉密尔顿抑郁量表-17（HAMD-17）、生活事件量表（LES）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）及艾森克个性（成人）问卷（EPQ）作为评估工具,分析和比较两组患者的抑郁症状、心理应激、社会支持、心理应对方式及人格特征。结果 MinD组与抑郁有关症状的发生率和HAMD-17评分均显著低于MDD组（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）;两组生活事件发生率相近,但MDD组负性生活事件应激强度明显强于MinD组（P〈0.01）。PSSS、TCSQ和EPQ显示,与MDD组比较,MinD组朋友支持因子分较低;较多使用积极应对方式;内外向因子分较高,神经质因子分较低（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。结论与MDD比较,MinD的抑郁症状发生率低;对负性生活事件的心理应激较轻,多采取积极应对方式;同时具有较好的人格特征。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.