在不同应激状态下MDM2基因对Jurkat细胞的作用

【目的】探讨MDM2基因在不同应激状态下对T细胞性白血病细胞株Jurkat增殖、凋亡和基因表达的影响。【方法】采用RNA干扰下调白血病细胞株Jurkat MDM2基因表达后，用Western blot、流式细胞术等方法检测Jurkat细胞在不同应激状态下的变化。【结果】无应激状态下，MDM2基因表达下降后，Jurkat细胞增殖减慢，细胞周期表现一定程度的G1-s阻滞；E2F1表达明显降低超过78％，p65表达下调超过58％；细胞损伤后，MDM2表达下调可导致细胞损伤修复减慢，增强紫外线和甲氨喋呤诱导凋亡作用，导致甲氨喋呤作用下Rb和Bax基因的表达相对增加。【结论】在不同应激状态下，MDM2基因表达下降广泛影响Jurkat细胞的增殖、凋亡和基因表达等生物学特性，提示MDM2基因有可能作为T细胞性白血病治疗的潜在新靶点。     

MDM2基因敲低对白血病细胞株K562的影响

[目的]研究MDM2基因对白血病细胞的影响,探讨MDM2基因在白血病发病机制和治疗方面的意义.[方法]用pSilencer4.1-CMV neo构建MDM2 shRNA表达载体pMDM2-shRNA,采用脂质体将载体导入K562细胞,G418筛选出稳定表达shRNA细胞,然后用在流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化和细胞凋亡率,用多重RT-PCR和Western blot检测细胞基因表达水平.[结果]转染pMDM2-shRNA的细胞MDM2 mRNA及蛋白质的表达均下降＞70%,细胞增殖减慢,G1-S期阻滞,细胞凋亡增加.伴随MDM2基因表达下调,多种基因表达出现较明显改变,包括P21表达增加,E2F1和P65表达下降.[结论]MDM2基因表达下降后,可导致细胞增殖减慢和细胞凋亡;结果表明MDM2对多种基因的表达具有调控作用,提示MDM2有可能成为白血病治疗的新靶点.     

地西他滨诱导人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡机制的研究

目的研究地西他滨诱导人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡的机制。方法常规体外培养人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞株,取对数生长期的细胞传代24 h后加入不同浓度(0.5、1.0、5.0及10.0μmol/L)地西他滨处理,分别继续培养24、48、72 h后,用CCK-8法测定细胞增殖活性;倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态;Annexin V-FITC/PI染色流式细胞术检测地西他滨作用后人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞株的凋亡率;应用透射电镜观察人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞发生凋亡的形态学特征;实时荧光定量Real time-PCR法检测凋亡相关基因Caspase-3、Bcl-2在mRNA水平表达变化的情况。结果地西他滨可以抑制Jurkat细胞增殖,并且呈浓度和时间依赖性(P0.05)。倒置显微镜观察到地西他滨作用后细胞形态发生了显著改变;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡的结果表明地西他滨能够诱导人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡并且呈浓度依赖性(P0.05);透射电镜观察结果证明地西他滨可以诱导人急性淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞出现凋亡性细胞死亡,5.0μmol/L地西他滨作用Jurkat细胞72 h后出现大量凋亡小体。另外,Real time-PCR实验研究结果发现地西他滨能够上调促凋亡基因Caspase-3的表达,下调凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2的表达。结论地西他滨能通过上调促凋亡基因Caspase-3的表达和下调凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2的表达诱导细胞凋亡。     

羟基喜树碱对胃癌细胞的诱导凋亡及凋亡相关基因表达的影响

[目的]探讨羟基喜树碱(HCPT)对胃癌MGC-803细胞株的诱导凋亡和抗增殖作用及凋亡相关基因表达的影响.[方法]通过MTT比色法、HE染色、吖啶橙(AO)/溴化乙锭(EB)染色及各种显微镜观察,并且采用原位细胞凋亡检测法(TUNEL法)及免疫细胞化学法,观察HCPT对胃癌MGC-803细胞株的诱导凋亡和抗增殖作用及凋亡相关基因的表达情况.[结果]HCPT在质量浓度0.5~48.0 mg/L范围内对胃癌MGC-803细胞株均有抑制生长作用,并表现出显效关系;在倒置显微镜、HE染色光学显微镜、AO/EB染色荧光显微镜和透射电子显微镜下,均可见MGC-803细胞的凋亡形态学改变;不同质量浓度HCPT均可诱导胃癌MGC-803细胞凋亡,细胞凋亡率随药物质量浓度的增高而上升,当药物作用48 h时细胞凋亡率达高峰;增殖细胞核抗原Ki-67的阳性表达率随HCPT质量浓度的增高和作用时间的延长而降低;当12 mg/L HCPT作用于胃癌MGC-803细胞株48 h后,明显下调抑制凋亡基因Bcl-2的表达和上调促进凋亡基因Bax的表达.[结论]HCPT对胃癌MGC-803细胞株有诱导凋亡和抗增殖作用,其机制可能与下调抑制凋亡基因Bcl-2的表达和上调促进凋亡基因Bax的表达有关.     

青蒿琥酯对不同急性白血病细胞株凋亡抑制的实验研究

[目的]观察青蒿琥酯对不同急性白血病细胞株的增殖抑制作用及凋亡机制探讨。[方法]应用不同浓度青蒿琥酯作用U937、HL60、Jurkat细胞株,MTT法检测抑制率;细胞形态学、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳、流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;Western-blot法检测细胞凋亡过程中Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase 8和ICAD蛋白表达的变化。[结果]青蒿琥酯能够明显抑制U937、HL60、Jurkat细胞增殖;8μg/ml以上浓度青蒿琥酯作用三种细胞24h、48h、72h抑制率均为Jurkat〉HL60〉U937(均P<0.01);其增殖抑制作用与诱导细胞凋亡有关;随药物浓度的增高Bcl-2和ICAD蛋白表达量下降,而Bax蛋白表达上调,Caspase8蛋白出现明显的剪切激活带。[结论]青蒿琥酯既能通过线粒体途径又能通过外源性途径诱导急性白血病细胞凋亡,对Jurkat的抑制最强。     

茜草提取物对胃癌MGC-803细胞株的诱导凋亡及抗增殖作用

[目的]探讨茜草提取物对胃癌MGC-803细胞株的诱导凋亡、抗增殖作用及凋亡后bcl-2基因表达的影响.[方法]利用组织细胞培养技术及MTT法,通过电泳分析及多种细胞染色等方法.观察茜草提取物对胃癌MGC-803细胞株的凋亡及抗增殖情况.[结果]茜草提取物质量浓度在0.2～1.0 g/L范围内对胃癌MGC-803细胞株均具有抑制增殖作用,且呈浓度依赖性;形态学观察结果显示,各剂量实验组胃癌细胞均有凋亡形态学改变;TUNEL法检测结果见,茜草提取物质量浓度在0.2～1.0 g/L范围内对胃癌MGC-803细胞株均具有诱导凋亡作用,肿瘤细胞凋亡率(AI)随药物浓度增高而上升,当药物作用48 h时AI达到高峰;DNA电泳检测结果表明,用0.4 g/L茜草提取物作用24 h时可见梯形电泳条带出现;增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)检测结果显示,PCNA阳性表达率随药物质量浓度的增高及作用时间的延长而降低;凋亡相关基因bcl-2的蛋白表达检测结果显示,0.8 g/L茜草提取物作用于胃癌MGC-803细胞48 h后,bcl-2基因蛋白阳性表达率明显下降.[结论]茜草提取物对胃癌MGC-803细胞株具有诱导凋亡和抑制增殖作用,其诱导凋亡作用可能与下调凋亡抑制基因bcl-2的表达有关.     

白血病原代骨髓基质细胞诱导Jurkat细胞基因差异表达研究

目的研究白血病骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs)诱导Jurkat细胞相关基因表达的变化.方法采用Percoll体外分离正常人、初治急性白血病患者BMSCs;采用抑制性消减杂交技术建立白血病BMSCs诱导Jur-kat细胞差异表达基因的cDNA文库;并对差异表达的基因进行初步鉴定与分析.结果成功地建立了白血病BMSCs诱导的Jurkat细胞上调和下调差异表达基因的cDNA文库;初步筛选克隆到30个上调差异表达基因和22个下调差异表达基因cDNA片段;这些基因功能主要与细胞周期调控、细胞凋亡、细胞能量代谢有关.结论白血病BMSCs能诱导Jurkat细胞基因发生差异表达.     

四环素调控TRAIL基因表达对人白血病细胞系Jurkat生物学特性的影响

本实验将人肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体(TNF—related apoptosis inducing ligand，TRAIL)基因的cDNA片段导入四环素基因调控系统RevTet—On。病毒感染人白血病细胞Jurkat后，建立了四环素调控TRAIL基因表达细胞系Jurkat—RevTet—On-TRE-TRAI(Jurkat3T)和对照细胞系Jurkat—RevTet—On-TRE(Jurkat2T)。通过强力霉素(Dox)诱导TRAIL基因的表达，Western印迹检测到TRAIL蛋白的表达；细胞计数证明了TRAIL的杀伤作用；通过流式细胞术检测到了TRAIL的凋亡诱导作用，生物物理学检测表明TRAIL表达使细胞渗透脆性增大，最大变形能力下降。结果表明TRAIL基因的表达能够促进肿瘤细胞Jurkat的凋亡并引起了Jurkat细胞生物学特性的改变。     

雷公藤甲素通过抑制逆转录病毒HERV-K Np9基因转录诱导人急性T淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡

目的探讨雷公藤甲素诱导人急性T淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡分子机制。方法MTT检测雷公藤甲素对Jurkat细
胞的增殖抑制作用,然后用OriginPro8计算出IC50。按照0、2、4、8、16 nmol/L浓度雷公藤甲素处理Jurkat细胞48 h,然后用流式
细胞仪检测细胞凋亡变化。用半定量RT-PCR法检测加药处理后各组Np9基因mRNA的表达水平变化并用Kodak 1D 3.6软件
对条带进行定量分析。采用统计软件分析Np9转录抑制与细胞凋亡的相关性。Western Blotting检测Np9下游信号分子c-myc,
β-catenin,ERK,AKT和Notch1蛋白的变化。结果雷公藤甲素呈剂量依赖性抑制Jurkat细胞的增殖,其IC50为12.7 nmol/L。雷公
藤甲素呈剂量依赖诱导Jurkat细胞凋亡。进一步实验研究结果显示,雷公藤甲素呈剂量依赖方式抑制Jurkat细胞中Np9基因的
mRNA的转录水平。经统计分析发现Np9转录抑制与细胞凋亡之间具有显著的相关性（R2=0.907）。Western Blotting方法结果
发现雷公藤甲素在抑制Np9 mRNA转录同时伴有其下游信号分子c-myc,β-catenin,ERK,AKT和Notch1蛋白表达水平降低。
结论下调HERV-K Np9 mRNA及其下游信号分子c-myc,β-catenin,ERK,AKT和Notch1蛋白水平是雷公藤甲素诱导人急性T
淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡的重要分子机制之一。
     

硫化砷对急性早幼粒白血病细胞PNAS-2基因表达的影响

目的探讨硫化砷诱导急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)细胞凋亡的分子机制.方法应用基因表达谱芯片、RT PCR技术,检测硫化砷作用前后NB4细胞、APL原代细胞PNAS-2基因表达的变化.结果基因表达谱芯片杂交显示,硫化砷作用于NB4细胞后,PNAS-2基因表达下调;RT PCR结果发现,NB4细胞在硫化砷作用后PNAS-2表达有明显下调,并呈时间依赖性;APL原代细胞经硫化砷作用后,PNAS-2表达也呈下降趋势.结论硫化砷能够下调PNAS-2基因在NB4细胞株和APL原代细胞中的表达,推测PNAS-2基因可能是硫化砷治疗APL的靶基因之一.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.