2型糖尿病肾病者血压昼夜变化的临床观察

目的　比较 2型糖尿病 ( DM)患者动态血压水平、昼夜变化节律及尿白蛋白排泄率 ( UAER)的关系 ,指导 DM及并发症的防治。方法　行 2 4小时动态血压观察 ,测定 UAER。结果　 DM肾病 ( DN)组2 4小时平均血压 (收缩压、舒张压 )明显高于非肾病组 ( NDN) ( P <0 .0 5 ) ,UAER与 2 4小时血压变化呈正相关 ,与变化差值呈负相关。结论　DM伴 DN与动态血压水平及昼夜节律 ,UAER关系密切且较不伴 DN组明显。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病病人微量白蛋白尿与动态血压的关系

目的 探讨Ⅱ型糖尿病病人微量白蛋白尿与动态血压的关系。方法 对60例糖尿病病人进行尿微量白蛋白及24小时动态血压的监测，并与36例正常对照组动态血压结果比较。结果 糖尿病组病人的白天平均收缩压（dSBP)、夜间平均收缩压（nSBP)、夜间平均舒张压（nDBP)均较正常对照组高，以夜间平均血压增高显著。结论 糖尿病组表现为昼夜血压节律异常，以微量白蛋白组表现更为明显。     

高血压病人血压节律对靶器官影响的探讨

目的 :观察血压昼夜节律变化对靶器官损害程度。方法 :采用动态血压测定 ,通过杓型组 (白昼与夜间血压变化下降百分率 >10 % ,视为血压昼夜节律正常 )与非杓型组 (昼夜血压下降百分率 <10 % ,为血压节律消失 )的血压节律变异比较对心脑肾等靶器官损害。结果 :①非杓型组 2 4小时收缩压 ,2 4小时舒张压 ,夜间平均收缩压 ,夜间平均舒张压 ,血压负荷值均高于杓型组 (P <0 .0 5 )。②血压节律消失的非杓型组病人左室重量和左室重量指数比杓型组显著增大 (P<0 .0 1)。③非杓型组的腔隙性脑梗塞次数和患病率均高于杓型组 (P <0 .0 1)。尿蛋白亦明显高于杓型组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :血压昼夜节律消失的高血压病人有较高的血压负荷明显损害心脑肾等靶器官     

老年高血压患者血压节律与靶器官损害相关性的研究

目的 :探讨老年高血压病患者血压节律变化与心、脑、肾等靶器官损害的相关性。方法 :观察高血压病血压节律正常 (杓型组 )和异常 (非杓型组 ) 2组老年患者各 30例的临床资料。结果 :组间在体重指数、偶测血压、白昼平均收缩压等无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;非杓型组 2 4 h平均收缩压和舒张压、白昼平均舒张压、夜间平均收缩压和舒张压、收缩压和舒张压负荷值较杓型组升高 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1) ;左室重量和左室重量指数显著增加 (P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 1) ;无症状腔隙性脑梗塞的个数及发病率均高于后者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;无痛性心肌缺血次数增多 ,总持续时间延长 (P <0 .0 1,0 .0 5 ) ;尿蛋白检出率亦高于后者 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :血压昼夜节律消失较节律正常的高血压患者有更显著的靶器官损害     

2型糖尿病肾病者血压昼夜变化的临床观察

目的比较2型糖尿病(DM)患者动态血压水平、昼夜变化节律及尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)的关系,指导DM及并发症的防治.方法行24小时动态血压观察,测定UAER.结果 DM肾病(DN)组24小时平均血压(收缩压、舒张压)明显高于非肾病组(NDN)(P<0.05),UAER与24小时血压变化呈正相关,与变化差值呈负相关.结论 DM伴DN与动态血压水平及昼夜节律,UAER关系密切且较不伴DN组明显.     

2型糖尿病微量白蛋白尿与动态血压的关系探讨

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者微量白蛋白尿与动态血压的关系。方法70例2型糖尿病患者分为糖尿病微量白蛋白尿组、糖尿病正常白蛋白尿组，并与无糖尿病健康组对照，分别测量24h动态血压值。结果 微量白蛋白尿组分别与正常白蛋白尿组和对照组相比，昼夜血压明显升高，昼夜平均血压差值百分率下降；糖尿病正常白蛋白尿组与对照组相比，夜间血压升高．昼夜平均血压差值百分率下降。结论糖尿病组昼夜血压节律异常，微量白蛋白尿组更为明显，2型糖尿病患者微量白蛋白尿与昼夜血压升高、昼夜血压节律异常有显著相关关系。     

高血压病人血压节律对靶器官影响的探讨

目的：观察血压昼夜节律变化对靶器官损害程度。方法：采用动态血压测定,通过杓型组（白昼与夜间血压变化下降百分率〉１０％,视为血压昼夜节律正常）与非杓型组（昼夜血压下降百分率〈１０％,为血压节律消失（的血压节律变异比较对心脑肾等靶器官损害。结果：①非杓型组２４小时收缩压,２４小时舒张压,夜间平均收缩压,夜间平均舒张压,血压负荷值均高于杓型组（Ｐ〈０．０５）;。②血压节律肖失的非杓型组病人左室重量和左室     

2型糖尿病合并高血压患者24小时动态血压分析

目的观察2型糖尿病合并高血压患者24h动态血压昼夜节律的变化。方法选取60例住院患者,按诊断标准分为2型糖尿病合并高血压组和单纯高血压组,对所有患者进行24h动态血压监测,比较24h平均收缩压、24h平均舒张压、白天平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、白天平均舒张压、夜间平均舒张压、24h平均脉压、白天平均脉压、夜间平均脉压及血压昼夜节律。结果 24h平均舒张压、白天平均收缩压、白天平均舒张压、白天平均脉压2组比较差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）,24h平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24h平均脉压、夜间平均脉压及血压昼夜节律2组比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。结论 2型糖尿病合并高血压患者建议尽早进行24h动态血压监测,同时降压和降血糖,纠正异常的昼夜血压节律,对于减少心脑血管并发症、防止靶器官的损害具有积极意义。     

血压正常的2型糖尿病患者血压昼夜节律变化与左室肥厚的关系

目的探讨血压正常的2型糖尿病(DM)患者血压昼夜节律变化与左心室肥厚的关系，为防治2型DM患者心脏损害提供依据。方法经彩色多普勒超声心动图及心电图或活动平板运动试验、血压检查筛选排除合并冠心病等其它心脏病、高血压病，无糖尿病肾病的60例2型DM患者并据彩色多普勒超声心动图将患者分成左室肥厚组(LVH组共28例)及非左室肥厚组(NLVH组共32例)。监测他们的24h动态血压。结果显示LVH组与NLVH组相比，在平均24h收缩压、平均白天收缩压、平均24h舒张压、平均白天舒张压在统计学上无显著性差异。而在平均夜间收缩压、平均夜间舒张压、夜间收缩压下降百分率、夜间舒张压下降百分率在统计学上有显著性差异。结论正常血压的2型DM患者血压昼夜节律变化可能是致2型DM患者左室肥厚的一个原因。     

2型糖尿病合并高血压病患者的动态血压特点

目的：了解2型糖尿病合并高血压病患者动态血压的特点。方法：对40例2型糖尿病合并高血压病患者及45例单纯高血压病患者进行动态血压监测,观察平均收缩压及负荷值、平均舒张压及负荷值,探讨合理的护理措施。结果：两组患者比较,糖尿病合并高血压病组昼夜血压节律消失,夜间平均收缩压、白天收缩压负荷值、夜间收缩压负荷值高于单纯高血压病组,差异有显著性意义;24 h平均收缩压及24 h平均舒张压、白天平均舒张压、白天平均收缩压、白天舒张压负荷值、夜间舒张压负荷值两组间差异无显著性意义。结论：糖尿病合并高血压病患者失去正常昼高夜低的血压波动节律,收缩压负荷、夜间收缩压升高明显。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.