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1.
职业汽车驾驶员心理能力研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
<正>我国道路交通安全形势严峻,道路交通事故死亡人数占全世界的15%,多年高居世界第一。综观我国各种道路事故中,客车肇事造成交通事故最为突出。根据公安部数据显示:2005年发生一次性死亡10人以上特大交通事故47起,其中客车事故29起(61.7%);2006年发生一次性死亡10人以上特大交通事故38起,其中客车事故24起(63.2%);2007年发生一次性死亡10人以上特大交通事故26起,其中客车事故16起(61.5%);2008年发生一次性死亡  相似文献   

2.
145例摩托车交通事故死亡人员的特征分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:探讨摩托车交通事故死亡人员的特征,为预防事故发生和降低摩托车交通事故死亡率提供可靠信息和参考数据.方法:收集重庆市道路交通事故技术鉴定中心2004年所检验的重庆市主城区摩托车交通事故135起、死亡145人的法医学资料,包括详细的事故经过、事故时间、发生地点、死者交通方式以及是否经过救治等,死者的基本情况、损伤情况及死亡原因等相关参数,进行回顾性分析.结果:性别、年龄差异显著,死者的交通方式为摩托车驾驶人占59.31%,乘坐人占20%,行人占20.69%,其中驾驶人中40岁以下的占79%,行人中50岁以上的占60%;当场死亡占36.55%,抢救无效死亡占63.45%;死亡原因65.52%为颅脑损伤,34.48%为其他损伤或联合损伤;95.17%的死者存在四肢损伤,下肢骨折与上肢骨折的比率为2.1∶1;2、3季度与1、4季度的事故发生比为1.64∶1.结论:摩托车交通事故死亡案例具有明显特点,具有可预防性.  相似文献   

3.
随着交通事业的发展,近几年高等级公路(以下简材高速公路)已遍及全国;交通事故也逐渐增多。1996年~1998革8月共发生1393起车祸,死亡134人,伤994人。如何抓好高速公路交通事故的院前急救,最大限度减少伤亡已迫在眉睫。1高速公路事故特点11弹死群伤,伤情严重在高速公路上行驶的汽车一般[‘)100km/h速度行驶,而出事汽车往往速度达140公里1‘)上,“速度就是力量”,一旦发生事故伤害北同一般.又往往因来不及利车引起车尾相撞,连成一片,造成群死群伤,而且伤情严重,像沪宁高速公路“951134事故”,前后41辆车相撞,死亡11人,伤10人,创我国高速…  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨惠州市惠阳区道路交通事故伤发生特点、规律及临床救治经验,为进一步控制和预防道路交通事故伤的发生,降低意外伤害死亡率提供依据。方法:对惠州市惠阳区1995年1月~2004年12月道路交通事故统计监测资料进行分析、讨论。结果:10年来发生道路交通事故40176起,总伤亡人数25390人,其中死亡349人,致残907人,经治疗痊愈24134人。调查显示,交通事故伤的发生与季节、道路交通高峰时段、道路状况、职业、驾驶员违章驾驶、群众交通意识低下、道路交通管理水平及医疗网络建设不足等因素密切相关。结论:加强事故高发路段的交通管理,严格执法,改善道路交通条件,提高交通安全意识和加强医疗急救网络建设,是预防和控制道路交通事故伤害的主要措施。  相似文献   

5.
随着我国交通事业和医学事业的发展 ,道路交通事故伤已广泛引起国内创伤医学专家的关注( 1~ 3) 。高速公路和高等级公路建设的迅猛发展又为道路交通事故伤增加了新的特点。本课题通过 5年中 75 4例道路交通事故伤员的分析 ,探讨高速公路交通事故与普通道路交通事故伤在事故类型及伤害特点等方面有何不同及事故类型与伤害特点的内在联系 ,为减少交通事故发生率及提高交通事故伤害的抢救水平提供相应的依据。1 资料与方法山东省交通医院和山东交通急救中心自 1 994~ 1 999年救治的道路交通事故伤员 75 4例 ,其中高速公路交通事故伤 3 2 0例…  相似文献   

6.
马志刚  郑斌 《实用医技杂志》2006,13(11):1941-1942
目的及方法:对大连市2003年发生的3868起交通事故伤害原因进行回顾性分析及总结。结果:2003年共发生交通事故3868起,造成590人死亡,698人受伤,死亡率为10.35/10万。高发年龄为21岁~50岁的青壮年。摩托车和行人是车祸的高危人群,占死亡总数的67.9%。机动车驾驶员原因导致的事故占总事故的92.3%。结论:机动车驾驶员因素是导致交通事故的主要原因。事故伤亡的主要人员是具有劳动能力的青壮年。摩托车和行人是车祸的高危人群。改善交通环境、加强交通管理以及提高人的交通安全意识对预防道路交通事故伤害是十分重要的。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨吐鲁番、乌鲁木齐、大黄山(简称吐乌大)及乌鲁木齐、奎屯(简称乌奎)两大高速公路交通事故发生的时间特征和人群分布状况。方法:对新疆高速公路支队记录的1999~2004年高速公路交通事故月报表进行整理,计算事故发生的频数和构成比,分析事故分布情况及原因。结果:1999~2004年共发生1592起交通事故,其中367人死亡,1942人受伤,直接经济损失达1655.4万元,2002年是人员伤亡最严重、事故发生最多的年度。农村城市受伤人数之比为91.5:1,农村城市死亡人数之比为121.3:1。因机动车因素导致的事故为1442起,占90.58%。结论:应充分重视道路交通事故的危害,并根据其流行病学特点,采取综合治理措施,缔造安全的交通环境。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨北京市道路交通事故发生特点和规律,为事故预防提供依据。方法:对北京市急救中心提供的2009年北京市道路交通事故资料进行整理录入,并进行描述性统计分析。结果:(1)2009年经北京市急救中心参与抢救的道路交通事故伤且病例记录相对完整者2 984人,其中受伤2 942人,死亡42人,伤亡人员以男性为主,年龄主要分布于18~59岁之间。(2)机动车和机动车之间的交通事故受伤人数最多,为1 883人;机动车与行人之间的事故死亡人数最多,为26人;机动车与机动车之间的重、特大事故最多,为11起。(3)一个月中的交通事故呈现持续频发均匀分布的状态,8∶00~10∶00、14∶00~18∶00是一天中的事故高峰,死亡事故高峰多发生在2∶00~4∶00和18∶00~20∶00。(4)伤员最常见的损伤部位是头面伤,为921人,其次分别为多发伤761人,下肢伤541人。(5)事故原因中人为因素为主,其次为车辆因素。结论:司机违章驾驶、行人违章穿行车道等人为因素是导致北京市道路交通伤的主要原因;加强对市民尤其是外来流动人口的交通安全教育以及对驾驶员进行严格的交通规章培训,提高市民的交通安全意识,进一步完善事故高发时段和路段的交通管控措施,是预防和控制交通伤害的主要措施。  相似文献   

9.
虎晓岷  尹文  宋祖军  王夏黎 《医学争鸣》2002,23(24):2314-2314
1 资料和方法 ①资料 :1997/ 2 0 0 1年西安市道路交通事故资料由西安市公安局交通警察支队提供 ,人口资料来源于西安市统计局 (第四次人口普查数据 ) ,范围为市属城区和郊县 .凡违反《道路交通规则》 ,造成人员伤亡或车辆财产损失的一般事故以上的列入交通事故统计范围 ;其中造成当场死亡或受伤后 7d内抢救无效死亡的列为交通死亡事故 .所有资料经回顾性调查和分析选取 ;②评价指标见文献 [1]:Ⅰ城市机动化程度 (MEC) :每千人机动车拥有量 ;Ⅱ交通安全水平(LTS) :每万辆车道路伤害死亡率 ;Ⅲ人身安全水平 (LPS) :每10万人道路…  相似文献   

10.
据联合国公报,除正常和疾病致死外,全球人类主要非正常死因排序(见表1).另据中国新华社2008年数据显示:全国共发生道路交通事故26万起,73484人死亡;工伤事故死亡12.97万人,包括矿井事故(瓦斯、透井、冒水)3207人;自然灾害死亡88000人(汶川地震).由药品不良反应和事件致死近24万人,是上述诸多因素等和.  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

13.
FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…  相似文献   

14.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

15.
Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it's difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.  相似文献   

16.
Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.  相似文献   

17.
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5  相似文献   

18.
People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.  相似文献   

19.
Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.  相似文献   

20.
In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.  相似文献   

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