41例血友病患者髂腰肌出血的临床特征及康复治疗

目的 分析血友病患者髂腰肌出血的临床特征和康复治疗临床效果.方法 对2006年1月-2010年12月收治的血友病髂腰肌出血患者的症状、体征、并发症及康复治疗进行回颐性分析.结果 41例血友病髂腰肌出血患者均为男性.左侧髂腰肌出血20例、右侧18例,治疗期间先后双侧出血3例.中位年龄18(6-61)岁.初次髂腰肌出血中位年龄17(6-20)岁.34例(82.90%)患者合并股神经损伤,其中19例合并同侧膝关节出血.20例(48.8%)伴有股四头肌萎缩,2例有骨盆假性肿瘤形成,2例伴有永久性姿势异常.超声影像学表现主要为腰大肌区或腹股沟Ⅸ低回声或低回声为主的混合回声区.34例患者在凝血冈子替代保护治疗下完成8～12周康复治疗,其中33例患者血肿完全消失,患侧髋关节活动度恢复至出血前范围,合并股神经损伤的32例患者中27例(84.4%)股四头肌肌力恢复达到≥4级,20例(62.5%)患者遗留股神经分布区域感觉减低.结论 本组血友病髂腰肌出血患者主要为青少年,股神经损伤和继发性膝关节出血的发生率较高,凝血因子保护下的康复治疗对于血肿的吸收及神经功能的恢复具有良好的疗效.     

子宫填塞球囊导管治疗产后出血的临床效果

  目的  探讨Bakri子宫填塞球囊导管(Bakri球囊)在治疗产后出血中的作用。  方法  回顾性分析2012年1月至7月间北京协和医院收治的因产后出血使用Bakri球囊治疗的患者的病例特点, 并分析其治疗效果。  结果  剖宫产术中应用Bakri球囊治疗产后出血8例, 其中7例合并有前置胎盘。2例患者发生弥散性血管内凝血。共3例患者放置球囊后采取后续侵入性治疗, 其中2例患者同时合并有中央性前置胎盘、前次剖宫产史及胎盘植入。所有患者术后无明显疼痛, 无产后发热及死亡病例。  结论  Bakri球囊能够治疗产后出血, 并不增加术后病率。球囊放置后应加强监护, 对于治疗无效者应尽早采取更积极的治疗。合并有剖宫产史、胎盘植入或胎盘黏连的中央性前置胎盘可能是影响放置成功率的因素。     

新发基因突变致成人线粒体神经胃肠脑肌病

  目的  探讨线粒体神经胃肠脑肌病患者的临床表现及基因突变情况。  方法  分析1例成人线粒体神经胃肠脑肌病患者临床资料, 对患者及其家系线粒体病相关基因应用NimbleGen固相芯片进行目标区域捕获测序。  结果  该患者表现为进行性加重的假性胃肠梗阻、脑白质病、恶液质、周围神经病、眼外肌无力及多种代谢紊乱。基因检测发现TYMP基因c.217G>A纯合突变为该患者的致病突变, 患者父母(近亲婚配)及姐姐均为该突变杂合子, 该突变为新发突变。  结论  经基因检测确诊TYMP基因新发突变致成人线粒体神经胃肠脑肌病。     

多发性肌炎合并恶性肿瘤10例临床特点

  目的  总结多发性肌炎(polymyositis, PM)合并恶性肿瘤患者的临床特点。  方法  回顾性分析1989年10月至2013年6月在北京协和医院住院的PM合并恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料, 总结其临床特点。  结果  PM合并恶性肿瘤患者共10例, 占同期PM住院患者的2.4%(10/424)。其中男3例, 女7例, 中位年龄57岁。所有患者均有四肢近端肌无力; 抬头困难、饮水呛咳、声音嘶哑各1例。出现肺间质病变5例、呼吸肌受累2例、心脏受累6例。肿瘤类型以淋巴瘤和肺癌常见(各3例), 其他包括食管癌、胃癌、肾癌、宫颈癌(各1例)。7例患者在PM诊断前后1年内发现肿瘤, 肿瘤首发表现包括淋巴结肿大、咳嗽气短、吞咽困难、肉眼血尿、绝经后阴道流血, 3例无症状患者筛查发现便潜血阳性或肺占位。9例接受足量激素治疗, 5例PM在1个月内完全缓解; 4例仅部分缓解, 其中3例在肿瘤治疗后完全缓解。  结论  由于合并恶性肿瘤可影响PM的治疗反应和预后, 临床应高度警惕。对于PM合并肿瘤患者, 应及早进行肿瘤治疗以更好地改善症状和控制病情。     

半侧颜面萎缩合并面瘫的整形外科治疗

  目的  探讨半侧颜面萎缩合并面瘫患者的整形外科治疗方法。  方法  2006年3月至2012年3月北京协和医院整形外科收治半侧颜面萎缩合并面瘫患者共12例。其中男3例, 女9例。年龄16~49岁, 半侧颜面萎缩平均发病时间6.9年(5~30年), 面瘫平均发病时间4.5年(2~18年)。手术治疗针对患者的具体畸形情况设计相应的手术方案重建患侧外形与功能, 多种方法综合应用, 4例采取真皮脂肪充填、2例腹股沟真皮脂肪瓣游离移植及6例小肌肉拇、趾短伸肌游离移植充填并悬吊治疗半侧颜面萎缩畸形合并面瘫, 为获得更好的对称效果还将鼻唇沟进行悬吊和对移植物边缘凹陷区域进行脂肪颗粒注射。  结果  本组12例患者术后脂肪筋膜瓣全部成活, 供区切口愈合良好, 无脂肪液化及其他并发症发生。随访0.5~6年, 所有患者均取得满意效果, 轮廓修正理想。  结论  半侧颜面萎缩合并面瘫患者通过真皮脂肪游离移植结合小肌肉游离移植的方法治疗, 能获得较好的对称性效果。     

POEMS综合征的临床和周围神经病理特点

  目的  总结POEMS综合征的临床及周围神经活检病理特点。  方法  回顾性分析北京协和医院11例行腓肠神经活检的POEMS综合征患者的临床表现及腓肠神经活检病理特点。  结果  11例患者中, 男8例, 女3例, 年龄40~64岁, 病程8个月~8年。11例患者均表现为感觉运动性周围神经病, 10例可见单克隆免疫球蛋白, 其中IgAλ 6例, IgGλ 2例, 未分型λ轻链2例。10例有脏器肿大, 8例有内分泌改变, 10例有皮肤损害。腓肠神经活检结果均有异常发现。其中3例神经纤维轻度减少, 8例神经纤维中重度减少; 7例以大纤维病变为重, 2例以小纤维病变为主, 2例大小纤维受累程度相当。光镜下, 5例以轴索变性为主, 6例表现为混合性轴索髓鞘性周围神经病, 可见薄髓纤维或髓鞘厚度不均。3例可见再生神经丛。11例均可见神经束间或神经内膜血管增多, 4例可见血管基底膜增厚, 未见炎细胞浸润。4例可见神经束膜下间隙增宽, 2例可见神经内膜水肿。  结论  POEMS综合征患者周围神经病变表现为对称性远端感觉运动性周围神经病; 神经病理改变为轴索变性或混合性轴索髓鞘病变, 伴有小血管病变, 无明确炎性改变。     

61例腹腔手术后继发出血的临床分析:单中心回顾性研究

  目的  探讨腹腔手术后继发出血的原因和干预时机，以优化治疗方案。  方法  回顾性分析北京协和医院2013年1月至2018年12月腹腔手术后继发出血患者的临床资料，分析出血原因、治疗方案及预后情况。  结果  61例符合纳入和排除标准的腹腔手术后继发出血患者入选本研究，其中男性49例，女性12例，以胰十二指肠切除术患者最多(50.8%，31/61)，其次为肝脏手术(16.4%，10/61)和胃部手术(14.8%，9/61)。56例患者明确了出血原因，其中创面渗血和/或创面小动脉活动性出血24例(42.9%，24/56)，吻合口出血11例(19.6%，11/56)。出血后多数患者采取手术止血(65.6%，40/61)，成功率为87.5%；其次采取介入栓塞止血(24.6%，15/61)，成功率为26.7%，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。成功止血55例、死亡5例，1例患者放弃治疗。  结论  腹腔大手术后出血机率更高，手术止血效果可能优于介入栓塞止血。     

韦格纳肉芽肿合并肺结核8例临床分析并文献复习

  目的  分析韦格纳肉芽肿合并肺结核的临床特征。  方法  回顾性分析北京协和医院1990年5月至2010年5月收治的韦格纳肉芽肿合并肺结核8例的临床特征, 并复习相关文献。  结果  8例患者中男性5例, 女性3例; 发病年龄最小19岁, 最大70岁, 平均年龄52.7岁。首先诊断韦格纳肉芽肿, 并在激素应用过程中诊断肺结核5例, 这5例患者均为痰涂片抗酸杆菌阳性患者, 其中4例否认结核病史及结核接触史; 同时诊断韦格纳肉芽肿合并肺结核2例; 首先诊断肺结核, 后诊断合并韦格纳肉芽肿1例。临床表现肺部最常见为咯血, 其次为咳嗽、咳痰, 其他器官受累包括肾脏(异型红细胞尿), 耳鼻喉(流脓涕、听力受损)。韦格纳肉芽肿合并结核感染的治疗, 在尽量不减少激素剂量的同时加强抗结核治疗。  结论  韦格纳肉芽肿合并肺结核并不少见, 应引起临床医生的重视, 早期诊断, 积极治疗, 改善预后。     

子宫内膜异位症合并卵巢恶性肿瘤的临床特点

  目的  探讨子宫内膜异位症合并卵巢恶性肿瘤的临床特点。  方法  对北京协和医院1997年1月至2009年4月间收治的子宫内膜异位症合并卵巢恶性肿瘤的患者共33例进行回顾性分析, 并总结其临床特点。  结果  33例子宫内膜异位症合并卵巢恶性肿瘤患者的平均年龄为45.3岁; 病理类型以透明细胞癌为主; 诊断时分期多为Ⅰ期(24/33);5例患者同时又合并子宫内膜病变; 子宫内膜异位症病灶位于卵巢者19例, 位于卵巢外者14例; 术后5年生存率为60%, 平均无瘤生存期为41.9个月。  结论  子宫内膜异位症合并卵巢恶性肿瘤患者发病年龄较卵巢癌患者年轻, 病理类型以卵巢上皮性肿瘤为主, 透明细胞癌最为常见, 可同时合并有在位子宫内膜肿瘤。合并子宫内膜异位症可能是卵巢癌预后好的指标。     

B-lynch缝合术治疗及预防产后出血的临床效果

  目的  初步评价B-lynch缝合术在治疗及预防产后出血中的有效性。  方法  回顾性分析北京协和医院2006年1月至2012年1月间施行B-lynch缝合术的20例患者的临床资料。其中, 19例为剖宫产分娩时发生产后出血, 应用促宫缩剂无效后施行B-lynch缝合术, 1例为有促宫缩剂禁忌证的重症围产期心肌病患者为预防产后出血而行B-lynch缝合术。手术方法按经典B-lynch缝合术进行。对患者缝合前后出血量、住院期间情况、产后42 d复查情况及远期月经情况、再次妊娠情况进行随访。  结果  20例患者B-lynch缝合前出血量为200~4800 ml, 中位出血量为900 ml; 缝合后至产后24 h出血量为50~200 ml, 中位出血量为100 ml。17例患者单纯行B-lynch缝合后即达到较好的止血效果, 3例出血严重患者在缝合后出血有所减少, 但仍加用了子宫动脉缝扎术和(或)子宫动脉栓塞术。所有患者术后及产褥期复诊均恢复良好; 远期随诊有2例月经量减少, 1例继发不孕。  结论  B-lynch缝合术是一项简单可靠、并发症少的产后出血保守性手术治疗方法。     

Relationship Between Ultrasound Imaging and Eliciting Motor Response During Femoral Nerve Stimulation

Objective. Nerve stimulator–assisted localization of the femoral nerve is well described; however, direct ultrasound imaging of the femoral nerve branches may be challenging. The purpose of this study was to correlate the evoked motor responses obtained by femoral nerve stimulation and the topographic orientation of the femoral nerve branches during ultrasound examinations of the infrainguinal region. Methods. Eighty‐two patients undergoing total knee replacement were enrolled in this study. A 25‐mm, 5‐ to 10‐MHz broadband linear array transducer was used to identify the femoral nerve at the inguinal crease. The medial and lateral aspects of the femoral nerve were stimulated under ultrasound imaging. Twenty cadavers were dissected to support our clinical findings. Results. A quadriceps contraction was elicited in 1.2% and 96% of the patients when stimulating the medial and lateral aspects of the femoral nerve, respectively. In contrast, a sartorius muscle contraction was elicited in 94% and 0% when stimulating the medial and lateral aspects of the femoral nerve. Our findings during anatomic dissection revealed that the femoral nerve branch to the quadriceps muscle, when compared with the branch to the sartorius muscle, originated laterally in 95% and medially in 5% of the specimens. Conclusions. When using out‐of‐plane ultrasound imaging at the inguinal crease, directing the stimulating needle to the lateral half of the femoral nerve may be associated with a higher probability of encountering the motor branch to the quadriceps muscle.     

Paralysie complète du quadriceps secondaire à un hématome post-traumatique du muscle iliopsoas de diagnostic tardif : à propos d’un cas

Paralysis of the femoral nerve secondary to compression from a hematoma of the iliopsoas muscle in the lesser pelvis is a well-known complication of anticoagulants and certain surgical procedures, but is a rare post-traumatic event. A 16-year-old teenage boy presented with a painful, swollen knee with an active extension deficit of the leg following a fall. Seven weeks before he had also received a blunt trauma to the greater trochanter of the homolateral hip. The diagnosis of a patellar tendon tear was first suggested, but this was eliminated on MRI. A close clinical evaluation showed complete paralysis of the quadriceps with a sensory deficit of the anterior side of the thigh. MRI of the lesser pelvis showed a massive iliopsoas hematoma compressing the femoral nerve. Surgical evacuation was performed 9 weeks after the original trauma. At 6 months of follow-up, recovery of the muscle was complete and the electromyogram was normal.     

神经肌肉电刺激股四头肌对全膝关节置换术后功能康复的影响

目的:了解神经肌肉电刺激股四头肌对全膝关节置换术(TKR)后运动功能康复的影响。方法:TKR术后患者104例,按分层随机法分为两组,治疗组52例,用神经肌肉电刺激股四头肌,要求患者随电流刺激同时进行主动伸膝;对照组52例,用经皮神经电刺激模式,两组电极分别置于膝部痛点。同时所有患者参与常规康复治疗,平均治疗(14.89±3.65)d出院。出院前行视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、膝关节活动度和膝关节损伤和骨关节炎评分量表(KOOS)评定。出院后随访平均间隔9.5月,随访时行美国膝关节协会评分(KSS)和KOOS量表评定。结果:出院时治疗组和对照组VAS评分分别为(18.11±9.66)和(16.13±4.25)、膝关节主动活动范围(AROM)分别为(103.21°±15.44°)和(99.21°±15.19°),两组的差异均无显著性(P>0.05);治疗组主动伸膝受限为(1.93°±3.47°),明显小于对照组(6.26°±4.28°),差异非常显著(P<0.01);治疗组KOOS评分为(71.52±10.97),明显高于对照组(65.02±10.26),两组差异显著(P<0.01)。随访时,两组KSS评分均达优水平,差异无显著性(P>0.05);治疗组KOOS评分(96.16±2.96)高于对照组(94.04±4.80),两组差异非常显著(P<0.01)。结论:TKR术后早期配合神经肌肉电刺激股四头肌的康复治疗,有助于早期提高伸膝装置的功能和加速功能康复。     

Investigation and Macroscopic Anatomical Study of Referred Pain in Patients with Hip Disease

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the incidence and patterns of referred pain in patients with hip disease, as well as the nerve distribution in the hip and knee joints of 2 cadavers. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 113 patients with hip joint disease were included in the investigation. The incidence of regional pain and referred pain patterns were evaluated before and after arthroplasty. Two cadavers were macroscopically observed to verify the nerve innervation of the hip and knee joints. [Results] Anterior knee pain was observed preoperatively in 13.3% (in resting) and 33.6% (in motion) of the patients, which was comparable with the incidence of greater trochanter pain. In addition, the preoperative incidence rates of knee pain in resting and motion markedly decreased postoperatively. Of note is the remarkable incidence of pain radiating to the ventral lower limb. An anteromedial innervation was determined in the cadavers by the articular branches of the obturator and femoral nerve, which supply small branches to the knee joints. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that the distribution of the incidence of pain among the patients with hip disease is diverse owing to the sensory distribution of the femoral and obturator nerves.Key words: Hip joint disease, Referred pain, Macroscopic anatomy     

Impact of physiotherapy on the functional status of elbow and knee joints and quality of life in patients with hemophilia

Background. The objective of our research was to assess the impact of physiotherapy on the frequency of intraarticular and intramuscular hemorrhages and on elbow and knee joint function, in hemophilic patients. Material and methods. We examined 22 boys, 6-14 years of age, suffering from hemophilia A. The research program included patient history in respect to intraarticular hemorrhages in elbows and knees before therapy, observation of intra-articular bleeding during physiotherapy, goniometric measurements of the range of movement in the elbow and knee, measurement of the circumference of the arm, forearm, thigh and calf, and momentum dynamometric measurements of the relative and absolute force of the flexors and extensors of the lower leg at the knee joints and of the forearm at the elbow joints, in static conditions. The treatment program included deficit coagulant agent replacement therapy, physiotherapy, and kinesitherapy. Results. The physiotherapy program we applied resulted in a considerable improvement in mobility, as well as increased muscle strength and mass. Conclusions. Our research showed that, due to the application of the appropriate replacement treatment, there was a decrease in the frequency and size of intraarticular hemorrhages, despite intense rehabilitation and physical activity.     

彩色多普勒超声对人工髋关节置换术后并发下肢深静脉血栓易发因素及治疗方法疗效的对比研究

目的:研究人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的易发因素及常见治疗方法间的疗效对比。材料与方法:通过对髋关节疾患行全髋置换术治疗的267例病例,进行前瞻性随机对照研究。根据患者并发下肢深静脉血栓的风险程度不同,按随机分组设计将其随机分为4个研究组。甲组(对照组):无预防措施。乙组(预防组):(1)组:使用低分子肝素(LMWH)预防;(2)组:使用下肢间歇性气囊加压(IPC)预防;(3)组:使用中药川穹、当归等活血药物预防。应用彩色多普勒超声分别于术前一天、术后第二天对患者双下肢静脉血管进行扫查,如有血栓形成,则继续动态观察,应用统计学方法,进行组间及组内对照分析。结果:预防组比对照组下肢深静脉血栓发生率显著下降(p=0.006),预防组组间下肢深静脉血栓发生率无显著差异(p=0.067)。四组中LDVT最常见部位为股浅静脉,占57.1%(16/28),其次为小腿肌间静脉,占42.8%(12/28)。甲组中发现下肢深静脉血栓数于术后4天最多,第3-5天发现比例为76.8%。高危因素是引起LDVT的重要因素,其中甲组高危患者中发生血栓的患者比例为19/33=57.6%,中危患者中发生血栓的患者比例为3/28=10.7%,低危患者中发生血栓的患者比例为1/23=4.3%。高危患者发生率较后三者有显著差异(p0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声对人工髋关节置换术后LDVT检查有重要价值。高年龄、术后患肢制动、血液高凝状态等高危因素是形成LDVT的重要原因。LDVT最常见的部位为股浅静脉及肌间静脉。人工髋关节置换术后第3-5天是LDVT的易发期。术后采取积极的预防措施具有重要临床意义。     

Neuropathische Schmerzen nach Läsion des R. infrapatellaris des N. femoralis

We report on two patients with neuropathic knee pain following lesions of the infrapatellar branch of the femoral nerve due to knee joint replacement. In one patient, the neuropathic pain syndrome was complicated by the development of complex regional pain syndrome (CPRS II, causalgia). Patients exhibit a sharp, burning pain, often induced by exercise, and sensory impairment in the skin area supplied by the infrapatellar nerve. This nerve is a branch of the femoral nerve medial to the fascia lata and is responsible for the skin sensation of the anterior and medial part of the knee. Clinical features, anatomy, diagnostic methods and therapeutic options are reviewed.     

获得性血友病A合并静脉血栓形成一例并文献复习

目的通过分析1例获得性血友病A(AHA)合并静脉血栓形成患者的临床资料并复习相关文献,提高对该病的认识。方法结合1例胃印戒细胞癌患者相关的AHA合并下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床资料及文献报道,对本病的病因学、发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗进行讨论。结果 AHA是由针对凝血因子Ⅷ的自身抗体导致的罕见出血性疾病,多见于老年人;与其相关的常见疾病是自身免疫性疾病、恶性肿瘤,约50%的AHA患者既往身体健康。出血最常累及软组织。AHA患者存在的各种促血栓形成因素(先天性、获得性)均有助于静脉血栓形成。AHA患者的治疗包括凝血因子替代止血治疗和抗体清除治疗,静脉血栓的抗凝治疗则有可能加重患者出血倾向。本例患者为一66岁男性胃癌患者,术前APTT延长,术后软组织血肿,血浆凝血因子Ⅷ活性(FⅧ:C)下降,FⅧ抗体滴度128BU,予糖皮质激素、丙种球蛋白、环磷酰胺(CTX)抑制抗体生成、输注FⅧ、凝血酶原复合物(PCC)止血;此后,出现右下肢静脉血栓形成;停用PCC,并予胃癌联合化疗,出血和血栓症状消失,凝血功能恢复正常。结论 AHA合并静脉血栓形成临床罕见,治疗相互矛盾。及时识别这两种疾病同时存在并采取综合性、个体化治疗措施是成功治疗的关键。     

Safety and effectiveness of fascial therapy in adult patients with hemophilic arthropathy. A pilot study

Background: The primary clinical manifestations of hemophilia are muscle and joint bleeding. Recurrent bleeding leads to a degenerative process known as hemophilic arthropathy. Fascial therapy is one of the most used physiotherapy techniques today to improve joint dysfunctions and chronic pain. Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of fascial therapy treatment in patients with hemophilic arthropathy of ankle and knee. Design: Non-randomized, controlled clinical trial. Intervention: Sixteen patients with hemophilia were allocated to an experimental group or to a control group. The physiotherapy intervention was performed through three sessions (one per week), for 60 min per session. Patients received a physiotherapy treatment using a fascial therapy protocol for patients with hemophilia. Main Outcome Measures: The joint status was evaluated using the Hemophilia Joint Health Score; pain was assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale; the range of movement was evaluated using a universal goniometer; the flexibility of the hamstring muscles was assessed with the fingertip-to-floor, and the lumbar mobility through the Schöber test. Results: We observed significant differences in the experimental group for both quality of life and illness behavior. There was no significant improvement in the joint status; however, an improvement was noted in terms of perception of pain in the ankle. Conclusions: A physiotherapy program based on fascial therapy is safe in patients with hemophilia. Fascial therapy may improve joint status, pain, and mobility in patients with hemophiliac arthropathy of the knee and ankle.     

Examining outcomes from total knee arthroplasty and the relationship between quadriceps strength and knee function over time

BACKGROUND: Temporal-spatial gait parameters improve following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) but lower limb kinematics and moments fail to match those of age-matched healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to determine whether quadriceps strength, clinical measures of knee function, lower limb kinematics, and joint moments improve following arthroplasty and normalize over time. METHODS: Twelve patients underwent total knee arthroplasty were tested at 3 and 12 months following surgery. Twelve matched controls were also tested. All underwent quadriceps strength testing and gait analysis to calculate knee joint kinematics and kinetics. Function was assessed using clinical tests and self-report. FINDINGS: All clinical measures except for quadriceps strength significantly improved from 3 to 12 months. Gait asymmetry was observed at 3 months (lower stance times, peak knee flexion angle, range of motion and vertical ground reaction force), but ankle, knee and hip moments contributing to the total limb support moment were equivalent between legs. At 12 months, gait speed remained significantly slower than controls. Inter-limb differences in peak knee flexion angle and range of motion persisted. Greater hip and lower knee moments were evident in the operated limb, compared to the non-operated limb and controls. Quadriceps strength was positively correlated with faster times on the Time Up and Go and Stair Climbing Test and greater distances during the 6 Minute Walk test. INTERPRETATION: Patients who have undergone TKA demonstrate improvements in function as measured by self-report and functional performance measures. Gait becomes more symmetric and quadriceps strength becomes stronger. Some approached the values of healthy control subjects. Important differences still remain however. The larger hip extensor contribution to the total support moment may be to compensate for the diminished knee extensor contribution during level walking. Since instrumented gait analysis and functional performance measures appear to reflect different aspects of recovery following total knee replacement, both should be considered when evaluating gait and function.