输尿管息肉的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨输尿管息肉的诊断和治疗方法。方法 回顾输尿管息肉7例，并结合文献就其诊断和治疗进行讨论。结果 7例输尿管息肉诊断明确，6例行输尿管病变段切除 吻合术，1例行肾盂成形术。结论 输尿管息肉的诊断以放射学检查为主，特征表现为边缘光滑的充盈缺损。治疗方法以手术为主，根据病变范围及肾受累情况决定术式。     

输尿管结石并息肉38例分析

目的：提高对输尿管结石并息肉的认识及诊治水平，方法：回顾分析经手术治愈的38例输尿管结石并息肉患者临床资料，并结合文献对其病因，诊断及治疗进行复习，结果：20例行开放手术取石并息肉切除，18例并息肉狭窄段输尿管切除并吻合术，输尿管炎症性息肉17例，纤维性息肉21例，结论：输尿管息肉分原发性息肉和继发性息肉，逆行尿路造影是诊断输尿管息肉的主要方法，开放手术是治疗输尿管结石并息肉的主要手段。     

输尿管原发性息肉的诊治分析(附11例报告)

目的提高输尿管原发性息肉的诊断与治疗水平。方法回顾分析11例输尿管原发性息肉的临床资料，并结合文献讨论其诊断与治疗。结果11例患者中，1例行肾与输尿管大部切除，3例行输尿管病变段切除肾孟成形术，1例病变段切除输尿管再吻合术，4例行息肉切除加基底电灼，2例输尿管镜下基底部钳除。全部病例均获病理证实。术后10例获3-24个月随访未发现息肉复发与恶变，1例失访。结论线造影是其常用的重要诊断方法，术前确诊则需输尿管镜活检。治疗以病灶局部切除为主，应依据息肉的数量、累及输尿管的长度和周径、肾功能情况来决定手术方法。     

原发性输尿管息肉6例报道

目的探讨原发性输尿管息肉的诊断和治疗方法。方法对已手术治疗证实的6例原发性输尿管息肉诊断方法和治疗原则进行评价。结果 3例行输尿管息肉局部切除术,2例行病变阶段输尿管切除、端端吻合＋双J管内引流术,1例行经输尿管镜下电切术。术后随访随访时间3～24个月,平均15个月,未见息肉复发及恶变。结论原发性输尿管息肉诊断需与输尿管结石及输尿管癌相鉴别,确诊需输尿管镜检查及活检。输尿管镜下电切,息肉局部切除及肾盂成形术可以治愈。术后应加强随访。     

输尿管良性肿瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 提高对输尿管良性肿瘤的诊断和治疗水平.方法 回顾性分析15例输尿管良性肿瘤的临床资料,并结合文献讨论其诊断与治疗.结果 15例患者中,3例行肾输尿管大部切除；4例行输尿管病变段切除肾盂成形术；5例行病变段切除,输尿管对端吻合术或输尿管膀胱再植术；3例行输尿管镜下肿瘤切除术.术后13例获5 ～ 36个月随访,未见肿瘤复发及恶变.结论 肾盂输尿管造影及增强泌尿系CT三维成像(CTU)检查有助于诊断,必要时行输尿管镜检或手术探查,术式依肿瘤的数量,累及输尿管的程度、肾功能的情况来决定.     

成人先天性巨输尿管症的诊断和治疗11例

目的 研究成人先天性巨输尿管症的临床诊断和治疗。方法 本组11例成人先天性巨输尿管症中左侧7例，右侧3例，双侧1例。其中行输尿管膀胱吻合术8例，先行肾造瘘，择期行输尿管膀胱吻合术1例，因肾重度积水，功能严重受损而行肾输尿管切除术2例。结果 9例行输尿管膀胱吻合术，手术远期疗效均满意。结论 B超和静脉肾盂造影是诊断本病的主要手段，同位素肾图检查则有助于了解双肾功能并正确地选择手术方式。先天性巨输尿管症的外科治疗目的是：解除功能性梗阻，保留患肾功能；控制反复的尿路感染。输尿管裁剪加抗逆流输尿管膀胱吻合术是目前有效的手术方法，     

输尿管异位开口20例报告

目的　总结输尿管异位开口的诊治体会。方法　对 2 0例输尿管异位开口的临床表现、诊断治疗进行回顾性分析。结果　 2 0例患者中 ,B超检查 2 0例 (确诊 5 0 % ) ;IVU检查 18例 (确诊 3 8% ) ;CT和MR检查 9例 (确诊 10 0 % ) ;联合以上方法术前确诊 17例 (85 % )。 12例患者行输尿管膀胱吻合术 ;2例行肾切除术 ;2例行异位输尿管结扎术 ;3例行上肾输尿管切除术 ;1例行输尿管口囊肿切除术。全组患者疗效满意。结论　通过病史、体检和全面的影象学检查 ,大多数患者术前可明确诊断 ,CTU是一种较为理想的诊断方式。输尿管膀胱吻合术、上肾和异位输尿管切除术是有效的治疗方法     

小儿输尿管息肉的临床分析

自1990年1月至2012年1月共收治儿童输尿管息肉9例,均为男性,年龄8-12岁。左侧6例,右侧3例。5例表现为间歇性腹痛,4例表现为间歇性肉眼血尿。息肉部位均位于输尿管上端。3例行静脉肾盂造影见输尿管上端有充盈缺损,于术前获诊断;另6例术中确诊有息肉。所有患儿均进行B超、大剂量静脉肾盂照影等方式检查,结果显示中度到重度肾积水,伴有梗阻产生。手术方式均切除病变段输尿管,行输尿管肾盂吻合术,或输尿管端端吻合术。     

输尿管结石并发输尿管息肉临床分析

目的探讨输尿管结石并发输尿管息肉的病因及发病机制、诊断和治疗。方法行输尿管切开取石加息肉单纯切除或电灼16例,输尿管切开取石加息肉段输尿管切除,端端吻合术9例,输尿管镜碎石取石加息肉切除6例,术后常规放置输尿管支架管做支架和内引流。结果31例患者术后症状全部消失。结论X线、输尿管镜检查是诊断输尿管结石并发输尿管息肉的主要方法。输尿管切开取石加息肉电灼术和输尿管镜碎石取石加息肉切除是治疗输尿管结石并发输尿管息肉有效的方法。     

输尿管息肉的临床及影像学分析(附8例报告)

为探讨输尿管息肉的临床及影像学表现,旨在提高术前诊断的准确性,回顾性分析8例输尿管息肉患者的临床资料及影像学改变,结合文献进行讨论。结果8例患者均获治愈并经病理证实为输尿管纤维上皮性息肉,左侧5例,右侧3例,位于输尿管上段7例,中段1例。5例行单纯息肉切除(或电灼),3例行病变段输尿管切除加端端吻合。8例患者术后随访2个月~4年未见复发。认为输尿管息肉术前诊断较难,临床多有腰痛伴间歇性肉眼或镜下血尿。静脉肾盂造影(IVP)加逆行肾盂造影检查对诊断输尿管息肉有较高价值,必要时可行手术探查。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.