正交试验法优选川芎总生物碱的提取工艺

目的:优选川芎总生物碱的提取工艺。方法:采用回流提取,以酸性染料比色法测定的川芎总生物碱含量为指标,考察料液比、乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间对提取工艺的影响,通过正交试验L9(34)确定最佳提取工艺。结果:影响川芎总生物碱提取率的主次因素为:乙醇浓度料液比提取温度提取时间;川芎总生物碱的最佳提取工艺为:15倍量80%乙醇,100℃提取2.5 h。3次工艺验证试验中川芎总生物碱平均含量为2.745 mg/g(RSD=1.66%,n=3)。结论:本实验首次采用正交试验对川芎总生物碱的提取工艺进行优化,建立的提取工艺简便可行、稳定可靠。     

芎芷止痛颗粒的提取工艺研究

目的:优选芎芷止痛颗粒的提取工艺条件。方法:采用正交试验法,以黄芩苷的提取率考察黄芩的提取工艺条件;以甘草酸的提取率考察其他药味的提取工艺条件。结果:黄芩的最佳提取工艺条件为加10倍量水,煎煮3次,每次1.0h;川芎等十一味药的最佳提取工艺条件均为加10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次1.0 h。结论:优选的工艺条件适宜于制备芎芷止痛颗粒。     

延胡索提取工艺研究

目的:优选延胡索的提取工艺。方法:以延胡索乙素百分含量和转移率为指标,用HPLC测定,考察不同提取工艺、提取次数、乙醇浓度、提取时间、乙醇用量5个因素对延胡索乙素提取含量的影响。结果:延胡索的最佳提取工艺为70%乙醇提取2次,每次3 h,第1次用8倍量醇,第2次用8倍量醇。结论:优选的延胡索提取工艺节省了时间,且简便可行,稳定性较好,提取率为64%。对规范延胡索的提取工艺有一定的借鉴意义。     

正交设计提取当归川芎中阿魏酸的研究

目的:研究当归川芎中阿魏酸的提取工艺条件。方法:采用正交设计法,高效液相色谱法。结果与结论:75%的乙醇8倍量,回流提取3次,每次1.5h,阿魏酸得率为最高。     

喘咳平颗粒中麻黄提取工艺研究

目的　考察影响麻黄提取工艺的因素 ,优选麻黄的提取工艺。方法　采用 4因素 3水平正交设计法 ,以麻黄碱为指标 ,用高效液相色谱法优选提取工艺。结果　乙醇浓度对提取工艺有显著性影响。结论　麻黄最佳提取条件为 70 %乙醇提取 3次 ,第 1次加 8倍量乙醇回流提取 2h ,第 2次加 6倍量乙醇回流提取 1h ,第 3次加 4倍量乙醇回流提取 0 5h     

延胡索有效成分提取工艺研究

目的：探讨延胡索有效成分的最佳提取工艺。方法：以醇浸膏得率、延胡索乙素含量为指标,采用L（934）正交试验设计对提取工艺进行优化,考察乙醇浓度、加醇量及提取时间对醇浸膏得率和延胡索乙素含量的影响。结果：延胡索有效成分的最佳提取工艺为以6倍量80%的乙醇提取2次,每次提取1.0h。结论：优选得到的工艺确实可行,便于生产质量控制。     

结石康胶囊中延胡索醇提工艺的正交试验研究

目的确定结石康胶囊中延胡索的醇提最佳工艺条件。方法以醇提干膏得率和延胡索乙素含量为评价指标，采用正交设计试验法考察乙醇浓度、提取时间及加乙醇量对延胡索醇提工艺效果的影响。结果乙醇浓度和提取时间对延胡索乙素提取有显著性影响。结论最佳提取工艺条件为延胡索分别用4倍和3倍量的70％乙醇回流提取2次，回流时间分别为1．5h和1h。该工艺提取效率最高，最为合理。     

速效醒脑滴丸的提取工艺研究

探讨速效醒脑滴丸中川芎的提取工艺.采用渗漉法提取川芎中有效部位,用正交设计法对提取溶媒(乙醇)的浓度、用量及浸泡时间进行实验考察,以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定川芎主要有效成分阿魏酸、川芎嗪的含量,筛选出最佳提取工艺.结果表明用70%乙醇、浸泡24 h、溶媒量8倍的渗漉条件阿魏酸、川芎嗪的含量最高.     

丹参元胡醇提工艺条件的优选

采用L9(34)正交试验设计。以丹参酮ⅡA及延胡索乙素的含量为指标,对丹参、元胡的醇提工艺进行了优选。结果表明以8倍量90%的乙醇回流提取2h,再以4倍量70%的乙醇回流提取2次,每次1h为最佳工艺。     

正交实验法优选骨疽康膏中当归、川芎的提取工艺

目的:优选骨疽康膏中当归、川芎的最佳提取工艺.方法:采用正交实验法,以挥发油提取量和阿魏酸含量为考察指标,筛选出当归、川芎挥发油和当归、川芎水溶性成分的最佳提取条件.结果:挥发油的最佳提取条件为:加6倍量水浸泡4 h后,蒸馏3 h.水溶性成分的最佳提取条件为:加6倍量水煎煮2次,每次45 min.结论:正交实验优选出的提取工艺科学、可行.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.