乌司他丁对心脏瓣膜置换术患者炎性因子的影响

目的研究乌司他丁在体外循环（cardiopulmonreal bypass,CPB）心脏瓣膜置换手术中对炎性细胞因子以及炎症反应的影响。方法选择择期体外循环下行瓣膜置换术病人36例,随机分为乌司他丁组（U组）和对照组（C组）,每组18例。U组给予乌司他丁1．2×10^4U／kg,C组予与等容量生理盐水。分别于麻醉诱导前（T1）,CPB开始后1h（T2）,CPB停止后1h（T3）,CPB停止后24h（T4）抽取动脉血,用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）浓度。结果两组病人血浆TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10的浓度,在T2～T4各时点与CPB前比较均明显增加（P〈0．05）;T2-T4时点U组血浆TNF—α和IL-6浓度明显低于C组（P〈0．01）,IL-10浓度明显高于C组（P〈0．05）。结论乌司他丁能抑制CPB过程中促炎细胞因子TNF—α和IL-6的释放,促进抗炎细胞因子IL-10的释放,调节促炎因子和抗炎因子之间的平衡,从而减轻体外循环期间炎症反应。     

乌司他丁对体外循环心内直视手术中炎性细胞因子的影响

目的 观察乌司他丁在体外循环心内直视手术中对炎性细胞因子水平的影响.方法 30例体外循环心内直视手术患者随机分为乌司他丁组(U)和对照组(C),每组各15例.乌司他丁组(U)总量给予乌司他丁12000 IU/kg,分别在体外循环前静脉滴入半量,体外循环机内加入半量.对照组(C)用等量的生理盐水.分别在切皮前(T1)、体外循环开始后30 min(T2)、体外循环停止(T3)、体外循环结束后2h(T4)、体外循环结束后4h(T5)、体外循环结束后24 h(T6)采集血标本,测定血清中的肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10).结果 两组T2、T3、T4、L、T6各时间点TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10均明显高于T1(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而U组TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8明显低于C组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),IL-10均明显高于C组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论 体外循环导致白细胞激活,大量炎性介质释放和自由基产生,激发全身炎症反应综合症.乌司他丁应用于体外循环心内直视手术中可以减少TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8的释放,促进抑炎细胞因子IL-10的分泌,从而减轻有效地降低由于CPB引发的炎症反应,减轻心肌的缺血再灌注损伤,起到保护心肌的作用.     

白杨素对动脉粥样硬化大鼠血脂水平和炎性因子的影响

目的探讨白杨素对动脉粥样硬化大鼠血脂水平和炎性因子的影响。方法采用高脂饮食喂养的大鼠作为动脉粥样硬化模型,72只SPF级大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,辛伐他汀组和白杨素低、中、高剂量组。干预4周后检测大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)含量。ELISA法检测血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)含量,PT-PCR法检测ICAM-1和VCAM-1 m RNA表达水平。结果模型组血脂LDL-C、TG、TC含量、炎症因子IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-2水平和ICAM-1和VCAM-1 m RNA表达水平同正常组相比明显升高(P 0.05),HDL-C含量明显下降(P 0.05)。辛伐他汀组和白杨素低、中、高剂量组大鼠血脂LDL-C、TG、TC含量、炎性因子IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-2水平和心肌黏附分子ICAM-1和VCAM-1 m RNA表达水平均低于对照组(P 0.05),而HDL-C水平高于对照组(P 0.05)。结论白杨素可以降低动脉粥样硬化大鼠的血脂水平,抑制炎性因子的表达并且下调ICAM-1和VCAM-1水平。     

乌司他丁对体外循环冠脉搭桥手术围术期炎症反应的影响

目的:探讨乌司他丁对体外循环冠脉搭桥手术(CABG)围术期炎症反应的影响.方法:择期行CABG患者40例,随机分为对照组(C组,n=20)和乌司他丁组(U组,n=20).U组于体外循环(CPB)前静脉滴注乌司他丁1.5×10~4 U/kg,C组于相同时间静脉滴注生理盐水.分别于麻醉诱导前(T1)、CPB1h(T2)、CPB后1h(T3)、CPB后24 h(T4)检测血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-10和中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶(NE)的浓度.比较两组患者手术后的恢复情况.结果:与T1相比,2组患者在T2,T3,T4时点TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10及NE的浓度均明显升高((P<0.05);U组在T2,T3,T4的TNF-α,IL-6及NE浓度均明显低于C组(P<0.05),而IL-10的浓度明显高于C组(P<0.05).U组患者术后肺、肾及脑功能明显优于C组(P<0.05),心、肝功能及ICU停留时间无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:乌司他丁能够减轻体外循环冠脉搭桥手术围术期炎症反应,减少术后并发症.     

抑肽酶和乌司他丁在体外循环中抗炎作用的比较

目的 比较抑肽酶和乌司他丁在心脏手术体外循环(extracorporeal circulation,ECC)中的抗炎作用.方法 选择60例心脏瓣膜置换手术患者,ASAⅡ-Ⅲ级,按随机数字表法分为乌司他T组(U组)、抑肽酶组(A组)和空白对照组(C组),每组20例.于ECC前15 min(T1)、开放升主动脉后10 min(T2)、ECC结束后30 min(T3)、ECC结束后60 min(T4)4个时点取颈内静脉血测定下列指标:血浆IL-6、IL-8、IL-10及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)浓度.分析3组各时点炎性因子的变化.结果 3组血浆IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α浓度在T2、T3、T4时点均明显高于T1时点(P<0.01);血浆IL-6、IL-8、TN-α浓度在T1、T2、T3、T4时点U组明显低于A、C组(P<0.05,P<0.01),A组明显低于C组(P<0.05);血浆IL-10浓度在T2、T3、T4时点U组、A组明显高于C组(P<0.05,P<0.01),U组明显低于A组(P<0.05).结论 乌司他丁和抑肽酶在ECC中都能抑制炎性因子的产生,并可上调抗炎因子表达.乌司他丁在抑制炎性因子的产生方面强于抑肽酶,而抑肽酶上调抗炎因子表达的作用优于乌司他丁.两者都可有效抑制ECC诱发的炎性反应.     

乌司他丁及氨甲环酸联合应用抑制瓣膜置换术患者炎性因子及粒细胞弹性蛋白酶的临床研究

目的研究乌司他丁和氨甲环酸单独或联合应用在体外循环(CPB)心脏瓣膜置换手术中对炎性细胞因子及中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶(NE)的影响。方法选择择期体外循环下行瓣膜置换术患者120例,随机分为空白对照组(C组)、氨甲环酸组(T组)、乌司他丁组(U组)以及联合用药(氨甲环酸+乌司他丁)组(D组),每组30例,分别给予生理盐水、氨甲环酸、乌司他丁及联合应用氨甲环酸及乌司他丁。于麻醉诱导后(T1)、转流开放升主动脉后(T2)、停机1h(T3)、停机24h(T4)4个时点经桡动脉抽取动脉血,测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和NE的浓度。结果各组患者血浆TNF-α、IL-6和NE的浓度,在T2～T4时点与CPB前比较均显著增加(P<0.05);T2～T4时点U组和T组血浆TNF-α和IL-6浓度显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。结论乌司他丁能抑制CPB过程中炎性介质的释放,减轻体外循环期间炎症反应。氨甲环酸具有轻微抗炎性反应。在心脏瓣膜置换手术中联合应用乌司他丁和氨甲环酸可抑制炎性反应。     

乌司他丁在婴儿危重先天性心脏病术后的应用

目的 探讨乌司他丁对婴儿危重先天性心脏病术后炎性反应的调节作用.方法 将30例≤6个月、需手术纠治的危重先天性心脏病患儿按随机数字表法分为2组:试验组和对照组,每组15例.2组患儿均行先天性心脏病纠治手术.对照组术后仅给予常规治疗.在此基础上,试验组术后1 h即给予乌司他丁5 000 U·kg-1·次-1加入5%葡萄糖注射液10 mL中静脉滴注,8 h 1次,连用3 d.比较2组患儿性别、年龄、体质量及术中CPB时间、主动脉阻断时间等.检测2组患儿术后1(T1)、6(T2)、24(T3)、48(T4)、72(T5) h 血浆白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素10(interleukin-10,IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cardiac troponinⅠ,cTn Ⅰ)水平.结果 2组患儿在性别、年龄、体质量及术中CPB时间、主动脉阻断时间等方面比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).与对照组相比,试验组术后血浆cTn Ⅰ、IL-6、TNF-α水平的降低更早、更明显,试验组均在T5时点明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).而血浆IL-10水平的降低却正好相反,试验组降低更慢,在T5时点明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).对照组术后1例死于呼吸衰竭.试验组15例、对照组14例患儿随访3个月,均无心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭等严重并发症发生.结论 乌司他丁在婴儿危重先天性心脏病术后应用可促进抑炎细胞因子IL-10的产生,抑制促炎细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α的释放,减轻心肌损伤.     

乌司他丁和抑肽酶对小儿体外循环炎性反应的保护作用

目的:研究乌司他丁和抑肽酶对小儿体外循环(CPB)炎性反应的影响.方法:按入选标准筛选90例小儿先天性心脏病患者并随机分成六组:对照组(A组),小剂量乌司他丁组(B组),大剂量乌司他丁组(C组),小剂量抑肽酶组(D组),大剂量抑肽酶组(E组),小剂量乌司他丁 小剂量抑肽酶组(F组),每组15例.于CPB前(T1)、升主动脉开放后5 min(T2)、CPB结束后30 min(T3)、4 h(T4)、24 h(T5)五个时间点抽取桡动脉血行白细胞(PMN)计数、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α浓度测定.术中定时监测ACT、HCT;同时记录主动脉阻断(ACC)时间、CPB时间、呼吸机支持时间、住院时间.结果:PMN计数各组差别不大.B、C、E、F组与A组相比,IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α明显降低,IL-10明显增高(均P＜0.05).与F组相比,A、B、D组IL-6,A、D组IL-8、TNF-α明显增高;A、B、C组IL-10明显降低(均P＜0.05).C组与B组、E组与D组、C组与E组相比IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α显著降低;D组与E组、B组与D组、C组与E组相比IL-10显著降低(均P＜0.05).F组呼吸机支持时间、住院时间较A组明显缩短(P＜0.05).结论:单次使用乌司他丁和抑肽酶都能减轻CPB所致的炎性反应,药效呈剂量依赖性;乌司他丁以抑制促炎因子IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α释放为著,抑肽酶以增加抑炎因子IL-10释放为著;同时使用小剂量乌司他丁加小剂量抑肽酶减轻炎性反应较为合理.     

术前静注帕瑞昔布钠对膝关节置换术患者IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和VCAM-1的影响

目的 观察术前静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠对膝关节置换术患者血清白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（interleukin-10,IL-10）、肿瘤坏死因子（tumour necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）和血管细胞粘附分子(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)的影响。方法 择期行膝关节置换术的患者60例随机分成帕瑞昔布钠组（P组,n=30）和盐水对照组（C组,n=30）。P组于术前静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,对照组注射和P组相同容量的生理盐水。采用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测麻醉前（T0）、术毕即刻（T1）、术后4 h （T2）、12 h （T3）、24 h（T4）的血清IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和VCAM-1水平。结果 与T0比较,P组和C组T1、T2、T3、T4时的血清IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和VCAM-1的浓度明显增加（P < 0.05）。P组T1、T2、T3、T4时的血清IL-6、TNF-α和VCAM-1的浓度明显低于C组（P < 0.05）,而血清IL-10的浓度明显高于C组（P < 0.05）。结论 术前静注帕瑞昔布钠能减少膝关节置换术患者围术期血清IL-6、TNF-α、VCAM-1的水平,并增加抗炎因子IL-10的释放,这对抑制手术引起的过度炎症反应有一定意义。     

术前静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠对膝关节置换术患者IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和VCAM-1的影响

目的 观察术前静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠对膝关节置换术患者血清白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（interleukin-10,IL-10）、肿瘤坏死因子（tumour necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）和血管细胞粘附分子(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)的影响。方法 择期行膝关节置换术的患者60例随机分成帕瑞昔布钠组（P组,n=30）和盐水对照组（C组,n=30）。P组于术前静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,对照组注射和P组相同容量的生理盐水。采用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测麻醉前（T0）、术毕即刻（T1）、术后4 h （T2）、12 h （T3）、24 h（T4）的血清IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和VCAM-1水平。结果 与T0比较,P组和C组T1、T2、T3、T4时的血清IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和VCAM-1的浓度明显增加（P < 0.05）。P组T1、T2、T3、T4时的血清IL-6、TNF-α和VCAM-1的浓度明显低于C组（P < 0.05）,而血清IL-10的浓度明显高于C组（P < 0.05）。结论 术前静注帕瑞昔布钠能减少膝关节置换术患者围术期血清IL-6、TNF-α、VCAM-1的水平,并增加抗炎因子IL-10的释放,这对抑制手术引起的过度炎症反应有一定意义。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.