毒素清对内毒素肺损伤兔自由基和肿瘤坏死因子的影响

目的:探讨毒素清颗粒对内毒素肺损伤家兔支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)TNF-α、sIgA、MDA和SOD的影响.方法:静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)建立家兔内毒素肺损伤模型.健康雄性日本大耳白兔36只,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、毒素清高剂量组、毒素清中剂量组、毒素清低剂量组、双黄连组.于造模后测定肺泡灌洗液中TNF-α、sIgA、SOD、MDA的水平.结果:与空白对照组相比,内毒素肺损伤模型组家兔BALF中TNF-α含量明显升高(P<0.01),sIgA含量明显降低(P<0.01);毒素清各剂量组和双黄连组TNF-α明显低于模型组(P<0.01),毒素清高中、剂量组sIgA明显高于模型组(P<0.05).内毒素肺损伤模型组家兔BALF中SOD活性明显低于空白对照、MDA含量明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01);毒素清各剂量组和双黄连组SOD活性显著高于模型组(P<0.01,P相似文献   

锌指蛋白A20对小鼠内毒素性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的 探讨锌指蛋白A20对小鼠实验性内毒素性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 以内毒素血症小鼠为动物模型,采用尾静脉注射A20表达质粒的方法 ,观察A20转基因处理对内毒素血症小鼠肝组织内TNF-α、IL-1β水平以及肝脏病理损伤的保护.结果 A20组LPS注射24h后肝组织匀浆TNF-α表达水平为(923.2±11.97)pg/ml、IL-1β为(996.43±15.32)pg/ml,与LPS对照组比较,t检验显示P值均＜0.05,A20组与LPS对照组之间TNF-α和IL-1β水平差异有统计学意义.病理分析提示A20组24h后小鼠肝脏病理损伤明显较LPS对照组轻.结论 A20能够明显抑制内毒素血症小鼠肝组织的炎症反应,减轻肝组织炎症损伤.     

番茄红素对脓毒血症大鼠心肌损伤的影响

目的:观察番茄红素对脓毒血症大鼠心肌损伤的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(NOR)、脓毒血症组(SEP)及番茄红素处理组(LYC)。大鼠通过腹腔注射内毒素(20 mg/kg)制备脓毒血症模型,番茄红素处理组大鼠在以番茄红素预处理2 h后腹腔注射内毒素,6 h后,收集血样品及心脏。检测血清炎症细胞因子水平、抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量;观察心肌组织学变化;检测心肌组织炎症调节蛋白磷酸化核因子κB(p-NF-κB)、环氧酶-2(COX-2)的表达。结果:与对照组比较,脓毒血症组大鼠血清炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)及MDA含量升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低,心肌组织p-NF-κB和COX-2水平升高;番茄红素处理明显降低血清TNF-α和IL-6及MDA含量,提高SOD活性,降低心肌组织p-NF-κB和COX-2表达。形态观察可见脓毒血症组大鼠心肌纤维损伤、排列疏松,番茄红素处理减轻了心肌纤维损伤。结论:番茄红素预处理可减轻脓毒血症大鼠的心肌损伤,其机制可能通过下调炎症信号NF-κB/COX-2实现。     

牛黄参胶囊对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的观察牛黄参胶囊对卡介苗(BCG)联合脂多糖(LPS)所致小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型的保护作用,并探讨牛黄参胶囊抗肝损伤的作用机制。方法采用尾静脉注射BCG加LPS诱导小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,观察牛黄参胶囊对肝损伤小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),肝组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA),肝组织匀浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)的影响。结果牛黄参胶囊高、中剂量组能降低免疫性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST含量,提高肝匀浆SOD活性、降低MDA水平,且可抑制细胞毒因子TNF-α、IL-6的释放,与模型组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论牛黄参胶囊对BCG联合LPS诱导的小鼠免疫性肝损伤有明显的保护作用。     

甘草素调节LKB1/AMPK信号通路对冠心病大鼠的心脏保护作用研究

目的 探讨甘草素(Liq)调节肝激酶B1(LKB1)/腺苷酸激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)信号通路对冠心病大鼠的心脏保护作用。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组及造模组，造模组通过高脂饲料喂养以及腹腔注射垂体后叶素建立冠心病大鼠模型，将造模成功的冠心病大鼠随机分为冠心病组、Liq低剂量(Liq-L)组(100 mg/kg Liq)、Liq高剂量(Liq-H)组(300 mg/kg Liq)、Liq-H+Radicicol组(300 mg/kg Liq+40 mg/kg Radicicol)。干预结束后，检测心功能[左心室收缩末期直径(LVSD)、射血分数(EF)、左心室舒张末期直径(LVDD)和左心室缩短分数(FS)]及血脂水平[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)];ELISA检测血清中炎性因子[白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α]及氧化应激因子[谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)]水平；分离心脏组织，HE染色观察组织病理变化；Western Blot检测p-AMPK/AMPK、LKB1表达水平。结果 与对照组相比，冠心病组大鼠心脏组织排列紊乱，有大量炎性细胞浸润，大鼠IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、TC、TG、LDL、LVSD、LVDD、MDA显著增加，p-AMPK/AMPK、LKB1表达、HDL、EF、FS、SOD、GSH显著降低(P<0.05);与冠心病组相比，Liq-L组、Liq-H组病理损伤得到缓解，IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、TC、TG、LDL、LVSD、LVDD、MDA显著降低，p-AMPK/AMPK、LKB1表达、HDL、EF、FS、SOD、GSH显著增加(P<0.05);与Liq-H组相比，Liq-H+Radicicol组病理损伤加重，IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、TC、TG、LDL、LVSD、LVDD、MDA显著增加，p-AMPK/AMPK、LKB1表达、HDL、EF、FS、SOD、GSH显著降低(P<0.05)。结论 Liq可能通过激活LKB1/AMPK信号通路发挥对冠心病大鼠心脏的保护作用。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗小鼠内毒素血症的实验研究

目的:明确骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)对内毒素血症小鼠的治疗作用?方法:动物分为4组:对照组?内毒素血症组?间充质干细胞治疗组?间充质干细胞组?分别在内毒素脂多糖(LPS)注射24 h和7 d后观察小鼠心功能的变化,ELISA方法检测血清细胞因子的水平,组织学方法观察对心肌?肝脏?肺脏和肾脏形态学改变的影响?结果:与对照组小鼠相比,内毒素血症组经LPS刺激后血清白介素1?茁(IL-1?茁)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量增高,间充质干细胞治疗组血清IL-1?茁 和TNF-α含量明显降低;内毒素血症组小鼠心功能明显下降,间充质干细胞治疗组心功能明显恢复;内毒素血症小鼠心肌细胞和肝细胞凋亡增加,肺间质和肺泡水肿,间充质干细胞治疗组上述组织损伤明显改善?结论:MSCs移植抑制了内毒素血症小鼠的炎症反应,改善了心功能,减轻了对心脏?肝脏和肺脏的损害?     

四毒清降低内毒素血症小鼠死亡率的剂量效应关系与机制研究

目的观察不同剂量的中药四毒清对内毒素血症小鼠死亡率的影响并探讨其作用机制.方法腹腔注射脂多糖(LPS,30 mg/kg)复制小鼠内毒素血症模型,分别灌胃给予不同剂量的四毒清,观察各组小鼠的死亡率,并用ELISA法测定血浆TNF-α和IL-10含量.结果不同剂量的四毒清均能降低内毒素血症小鼠的死亡率,最佳剂量为1000g/L.四毒清不但能降低内毒素血症小鼠血浆TNF-α的含量,而且同时升高血浆IL-10的含量.结论中药四毒清能以剂量依赖的方式降低内毒素血症小鼠的死亡率.降低内毒素血症小鼠血浆TNF-α含量同时升高血浆IL-10含量可能是其发挥疗效的机制之一.     

褪黑素、莫达非尼对小鼠试验性急性肝衰竭的影响

目的 研究褪黑素、莫达非尼对小鼠试验性急性肝衰竭的影响.方法 雄性昆明小鼠,给予D-半乳糖胺（D-Gal N）和脂多糖（LPS）同时腹腔注射,制备小鼠急性肝衰竭模型;并于造模前2h,治疗组分别给予相应药物灌胃,对照组给予蒸馏水灌胃.比较各组小鼠的24h存活率,血清转氨酶水平,肝脏组织病理学改变,血清中TNF-α、IL-1的水平,肝脏组织中SOD、MDA、GR、GSH、NO、NOS的水平.结果 D-Gal N/LPS可以导致小鼠急性肝衰竭;褪黑素可以提高小鼠存活率,减轻肝脏病变程度,降低血清转氨酶活性及TNF-α、IL-1的浓度,增加肝脏组织中SOD、GR的活性,降低NOS的活性及MDA、NO的浓度.莫达非尼可加重肝脏病变程度,升高血清转氨酶的活性及TNF-α、IL-1的浓度,降低肝脏组织中SOD、GR的活性及升高MDA的浓度.结论 褪黑素可减轻D-Gal N/LPS所致的急性肝衰竭,提高小鼠的存活率,莫达非尼可加重小鼠的肝损伤.其作用机制可能与两药影响睡眠从而影响炎性细胞因子（如TNF-α、IL-1）的释放和机体氧化能力的改变有关.     

桂枝茯苓胶囊保留灌肠治疗慢性盆腔炎的实验研究

目的:观察桂枝茯苓胶囊对慢性盆腔炎模型大鼠子宫组织SOD、MDA、TXB2、6-keto-PGF1α、IL-1β和TNF-α的影响,并比较保留灌肠与口服给药对模型大鼠作用的差异。方法:采用混合菌液感染制备慢性盆腔炎大鼠模型,造模30 d后连续给药7 d,观察桂枝茯苓胶囊保留灌肠及口服给药对各组大鼠血浆SOD、MDA、TXB2、6-keto-PGF1α、IL-1β和TNF-α含量的影响。结果:桂枝茯苓胶囊能够显著降低慢性盆腔炎模型大鼠血浆MDA、TXB2、IL-1β和TNF-α含量,提高SOD和6-keto-PGF1α含量(P<0.01);桂枝茯苓胶囊保留灌肠与口服给药相比,桂枝茯苓胶囊保留灌肠能降低慢性盆腔炎模型大鼠血浆MDA、TXB2、IL-1β和TNF-α含量,提高SOD和6-keto-PGF1α含量(P<0.05)。结论:桂枝茯苓胶囊可通过抑制氧自由基损伤和炎症细胞因子,调节PGI2/TXA2平衡,达到治疗慢性盆腔炎的目的;且桂枝茯苓胶囊保留灌肠给药作用强于口服给药。     

百事乐胶囊对慢性应激抑郁模型小鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的影响

目的探讨百事乐胶囊对慢性应激抑郁小鼠行为学及血清白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量的影响。方法 60只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、百事乐胶囊高、中、低剂量组和氟西汀组。除正常组外,其他组给予21 d慢性不可预见性应激造模。每天造模前各组小鼠分别予以相应药物灌胃治疗,模型组以等量蒸馏水灌胃。测定小鼠体质量,通过敞箱实验和悬尾不动实验检测小鼠行为学变化,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定小鼠血清IL-1β和TNF-α的含量。结果模型组小鼠发生明显的行为学改变,水平和垂直活动明显减少,悬尾不动时间明显延长;百事乐胶囊高、中、低剂量组能显著增加小鼠体质量(P<0.05),改善小鼠的行为学指标(P<0.01),百事乐胶囊高、中剂量能降低血清IL-1β和TNF-α水平,与模型组比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与氟西汀组相比,百事乐胶囊高、中、低剂量组各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论百事乐胶囊能显著改善慢性应激抑郁小鼠的行为学变化,其作用可能与下调慢性应激所致的血清IL-1β和TNF-α水平有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.