某地区哈萨克族肥胖儿童ApoE基因多态性研究

目的探讨乌鲁木齐周边地区哈萨克族儿童肥胖与载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性的关系。方法选择98例超质量/肥胖哈萨克族儿童(病例组)及88例健康者(对照组),采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)方法测定ApoE基因型及等位基因频率。结果 (1)病例组与对照组的基因型频率ε3/3、ε2/3、ε4/4、ε2/2和ε3/4基因型分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例组和对照组ApoEε4等位基因频率分别为6.12%和2.87%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)病例组和对照组女性ApoEε4等位基因频率分别为7.44%和1.09%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ApoEε4等位基因是哈萨克族肥胖的危险因素,尤在女性儿童肥胖的发病中起重要作用。     

江苏汉族人群心脑血管病患者载脂蛋白E基因研究

目的:探讨用基因测序法检测载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性及其与心脑血管疾病之间的关系。方法:应用基因测序方法检测了193例心脑血管疾病患者和100例无血缘关系的健康汉族人群ApoE基因型。结果:ε3/3基因型高血压组频率为64.3%,高血压 冠心病组为57.7%,高血压 脑血管病组为62.2%均明显低于对照组的86%(P<0.05);而ε3/4基因型频率,高血压组为21.4%,高血压 冠心病组为19.2%,高血压 脑血管病组为24.4%,均显著高于对照组的6%(P<0.05);ε4/4基因型高血压 冠心病组频率为5.1%明显高于对照组0%(P<0.05)。分析等位基因频率,高血压组和高血压 冠心病组、高血压 脑血管病组ε3等位基因频率分别为80.7%,74.4%和78.9%,明显低于对照组92.5%(P<0.05),ε4等位基因频率分别为12.1%,16.7%和14.5%,明显高于对照组的3.5%(P<0.05),差异有明显统计学意义。两组间其它各基因型无统计学差异。结论:应用基因测序方法进行ApoE基因分型是最全面、最直接、可靠的方法;ε4等位基因是心脑血管疾病共同的遗传易患因子,而ε3等位基因具有保护作用。     

湿热体质与平和体质原发性血脂异常者ApoE基因多态性研究

目的:研究中医湿热体质与平和体质血脂异常者载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法及基因测序技术检测30例湿热体质血脂异常者(实验组)和30例平和体质血脂异常者(对照组)的ApoE基因型和等位基因频率,分析两种体质与ApoE基因多态性的相关性。结果:(1)实验组中共检出五种基因型ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε3、ε3/ε4、ε4/ε4,频率分别为:10%、10%、36.66%、16.67%、26.67%;对照组检出四种基因型ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε3、ε3/ε4;频率分别为:13.33%、6.67%、66.67%、13.33%。在实验组中,以ε3/ε3基因型最多,其次为ε4/ε4基因型;对照组中也是以ε3/ε3基因型最多,其次为ε2/ε3、ε3/ε4基因型。本实验观察组和对照组均未检出ε2/ε2基因型。实验组人群ApoE等位基因频率为:ε2 10.00%、ε350.00%、ε4 40.00%;对照组人群ApoE等位基因频率为:ε2 10.00%、ε3 80.00%、ε4 10.00%。(2)实验组和对照组ApoE六种基因型和ApoE三种等位基因分布有差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组ApoE基因型ε4/ε4频率明显高于对照组(χ2=9.231,P<0.05);ε3/ε3频率明显低于对照组(χ2=5.406,P<0.05)。而ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε4分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组ApoE等位基因ε4频率明显高于对照组(χ2=7.200,P<0.05);ε3频率明显低于对照组(χ2=5.934,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论:原发性血脂异常平和质和湿热质者在ApoE基因型和等位基因分布上有差异。ApoE基因型ε4/ε4和等位基因ε4具有更明显的湿热体质倾向,可能更易于形成湿热体质血脂异常或其与湿热体质血脂异常关联的可能性大。ApoE基因型ε3/ε3和等位基因ε3具有更明显的平和质倾向,可能更易于形成平和质血脂异常或其与平和质血脂异常关联的可能性大。     

精神分裂症与载脂蛋白E基因的关联研究

目的 探讨汉族人群载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因与精神分裂症的相关性.方法 应用聚合酶链反应扩增技术及限制性片段长度多态性测定100例精神分裂症患者(男女各50例)及64例正常对照(男女各32例)的ApoE基因型分布和等位基因频率.结果 ApoE基因型总体分布患者组(ε2/2,1%;ε2/3,6%;ε2/4,1%;ε3/3,78%;ε3/4,13%;ε4/4,1%)和对照组(ε2/2,0;ε2/3,13%;ε2/4,3%;ε3/3,64%;ε3/4,19%;ε4/4,2%)差异无显著性(P＞0.05),ApoE等位基因总体分布患者组(ε2,5%;ε3,88%;ε4,8%)和对照组(ε2,8%;ε3,80%;ε4,13%)差异无显著性(P＞0.05).女性患者组与女性对照组的ApoE基因型分布存在显著差异,女性病人的ε3/3基因型频率(RR=3.84,P＜0.05)和ε3等位基因型频率(RR=3.06,P＜0.05)明显高于女性对照组.结论 ApoE基因对精神分裂症易患性的影响可能存在性别上的差异,ε3等位基因可能与女性精神分裂症的发病相关联.     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与老年人轻度认知功能障碍的关联研究

目的 研究江西省老年人载脂蛋白E基因( ApoE)多态性的分布及其与轻度认知功能障碍( MCI)的关系. 方法以符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版( DSM-IV)诊断标准的120例MCI老人作为患者组,以120例健康体检者作为对照组,使用聚合酶链反应对其进行ApoE基因多态性的检测. 结果 两组人群中ApoEε3/3基因型分布的百分比最大,其次为ApoEε3/4,而ApoEε2/2最少;患者组和对照组ApoEε4基因频率分别为14. 17%、7. 91%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2 =4. 77,P<0. 05),两组人群中ApoEε3等位基因分布的百分比最大;ApoEε4等位基因与MCI呈正相关性(OR =1. 92,P =0. 029). 结论 江西省汉族老人中, ApoEε3/3为最常见的基因型, ApoEε3 为最常见的等位基因,ApoEε4等位基因可能是老年人MCI发病的危险因子.     

包头市肥胖儿童的ApoE基因多态性研究

目的:研究包头市肥胖儿童ApoE基因多态性.方法:从白细胞中提取基因组DNA,设计引物扩增ApoE基因,用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术分析其多态性.结果:本实验共检出4种ApoE基因型,分别是E3/3、E2/3、E3/4、E2/4,未检出E2/2、E4/4型;肥胖组与对照组等位基因ε2、ε3、ε4频率分布不均,ε3发生频率最高;与健康组儿童比较,肥胖组儿童ε4等位基因发生频率增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:ApoE基因多态性与儿童肥胖有一定关系.     

重庆地区载脂蛋白E基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病的关系研究

目的了解重庆地区阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者和正常健康老年人载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因型分布情况,探讨ApoE基因型与AD的关系,预测人群AD发生的可能性,为AD的预防提供依据。方法选取2009—2011年重庆医科大学附属第一医院门诊的68例AD患者(AD组)和在我院体检的72例健康老年人(对照组),采用聚合酶链式反应—限制性片段长度多态性技术对两组ApoE基因型进行检测,并对两组基因型和等位基因分布情况进行分析比较。结果对各组进行Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律吻合度检验,两组基因型频率均处于遗传平衡状态(P>0.05)。采用Fisher确切概率法,两组ApoE基因型频率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0309)。再对各基因型进行比较后发现,AD组ε4/ε4型与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.025)。两组等位基因总体构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.77,P=0.0076)。两组各等位基因频率比较发现,ε3、ε4型等位基因AD组频率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,OR=0.57;P<0.01,OR=2.98)。结论 ApoEε4等位基因是AD的危险因素。可利用ApoE基因型检测来预测人群AD发病的可能性,筛查出高危人群,以便提供相关预防措施。     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与散发阿尔茨海默病的关系

目的:探讨载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与散发阿尔茨海默病(sporadic Alzheimer disease ,SAD)的关系.方法:通过DNA直接测序的方法检查30例SAD和30例正常老人ApoE基因的3个编码外显子.结果:ApoEε4等位基因频率(23.3%,8.3%)及ε4/4,ε3/4,ε2/4基因型合并后其基因型频率(40%,16.7%)在SAD和对照组之间有显著差异(χ2=5.065, P＜0.05;χ2=4.022,P＜0.05);SAD组ε2等位基因频率与对照组相比差异不明显.结论:结果提示ApoEε4等位基因为本地区老年人群的危险因素.     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与原发性高尿酸血症相关性研究

目的：探讨维吾尔族与汉族载脂蛋白E基因多态性与原发性高尿酸血症的相关性。方法：收集2006年1～12月在新疆医科大学附属中医医院和乌鲁木齐市宝科达医院健康体检的670人血标本,检测血尿酸、血液生化指标以及ApoE基因型。结果：新疆维吾尔族和汉族ApoE基因型分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,汉族高尿酸组和正常组ApoE基因型分布总体差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而维吾尔族总体差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。汉族和维吾尔族ApoE基因型中E3/3占主导,汉族E2/2〉E4/4,而维吾尔族正好相反。与正常组相比,高尿酸组ApoEε2等位基因频率降低,而ε4频率升高,ε4等位基因可能是原发性高尿酸血症的危险因素。两个民族高尿酸组不同等位基因血尿酸（SUA）和除高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）外的各生化指标均高于正常组,而且两个民族高尿酸组和正常组尿酸和血脂代谢指标水平在ApoE等位基因ε2、ε3、ε4型中也有一定的差别。结论：ApoEε4等位基因可能是汉族和维吾尔族原发性高尿酸血症的遗传易感基因,但仍然表现出民族的差异。     

2型糖尿病肾病的载脂蛋白E基因多态性研究

目的研究载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与2型糖尿病肾病的关系.方法采用聚合酶反应(PCR)和限制性片段、长度多态性分析(RFLP)技术,研究58例2型糖尿病肾病患者、56例2型糖尿病未合并肾病患者和76例正常对照者载脂蛋白(ApoE)的基因多态性.结果①2型糖尿病肾病患者ε2等位基因频率(14.6%)高于2型糖尿病非肾病患者(3.6%)(P<0.01,χ2=8.37)和正常对照者(5.7%)(P<0.05,χ2=4.28),3组中ε3和ε4等位基因频率差异无显著性(P>0.05).②携带ε2等位基因的2型糖尿病患者TG水平较携带ε3和ε4等位基因的2型DM患者增高(P<0.01 vs P<0.05),而LDL-C水平降低(P<0.05),携带ε4等位基因的2型DM患者,其TC和LDL-C水平较携带ε2和ε3等位基因的个体增高(P<0.01).③ApoE基因多态性在男女性别上差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 ApoE基因多态性与2型糖尿病肾病的发生有关,提示ε2等位基因频率越高,发生2型糖尿病肾病的可能性越大.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.