人瘦素基因克隆与序列测定

目的 构建人瘦素基因ｃＤＮＡ克隆，并进行序列分析。方法 用逆转录聚合酶链反应扩增人瘦素基因ｃＤＮＡ获得片段（６４０ｂｐ）连接至ｐＵＣ１９载体，并转化大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α。以末端终止法进行序列测定。结果 所克隆的人瘦素ｃＤＮＡ含全长的人瘦素基因编码区，仅２８７位的腺苷酸被鸟苷酸代谢，导致９６位编码谷氨酰胺的密码子ＣＡＡ改变为编码精氨酸的ＣＧＡ，其意义尚待阐明。结论 以逆转录聚合酶链反应方法成功地构建了人     

人Ⅰ型基质金属蛋白酶基因真核表达重组质粒的构建

[目的]构建人Ⅰ型基质金属蛋白酶基因(MMP1)真核表达重组质粒,并进行序列分析.[方法]用逆转录聚合酶链反应扩增人Ⅰ型基质金属胶原酶cDNA,获得目的基因片段(1407bp)连接至pcDNA3载体,并转化大肠杆菌DH5α,筛选阳性克隆并鉴定,并对片断全长进行DNA序列测定.[结果]所克隆人Ⅰ型基质金属胶原酶cDNA,含全长MMP1编码区,与GeneBank公布序列比较,仅1318位的胞苷酸C突变为腺苷酸A.并成功构建了含有MMP1的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-MMP1.[结论]以逆转录聚合酶链反应方法成功构建了人Ⅰ型基质金属胶原酶cDNA克隆,并获得该基因真核表达质粒pcDNA3-MMP1,从而为下一步抗肝纤维化基因治疗研究提供物质基础.     

人I型基质金属蛋白酶基因真核表达重组质粒的构建

目的：构建人I型基质金属蛋白酶基因（MMP1）真核表达重组质粒，并进行序列分析。方法：用逆转录聚合酶链反应扩增人I型基质金属胶原酶cDNA，获得目的基因片段（1407bp）连接至pcDNA3载体，并转化大肠杆菌DH5α，筛选阳性克隆并鉴定，并对片断全长进行DNA序列测定。结果：所克隆人I型基质金属胶原酶cDNA，含全长MMP1编码区，与GeneBank公布序列比较，仅1318位的胞苷酸C突变为腺苷酸A。并成功构建了含有MMP1的真核表达质粒pcDNA3－MMPI。结论：以逆转录聚合酶链反应方法成功构建了人I型基质金属胶原酶cDNA克隆，并获得该基因真核表达质粒pcDNA3-MMP1，从而为下一步抗肝纤维化基因治疗研究提供物质基础。     

青蒿鲨烯合酶基因及其cDNA的克隆与测序

【目的】克隆青蒿鲨烯合酶基因,为基因工程改造青蒿打下基础。【方法】采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增、扩增片段与T-载体连接和克隆片段的序列分析等方法。【结果】通过PCR扩增和RT-PCR扩增,分别获得3590bp及1257bp片段,克隆后经PCR和酶切反应进行了鉴定。初步测序结果与GenBank上已登录的青蒿鲨烯合酶基因序列同源性为99％,氨基酸序列同源性为100％。【结论】成功克隆了青蒿鲨烯合酶基因及其cDNA。     

骨形态发生蛋白基因真核表达质粒的构建及其在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中的表达

【目的】克隆人骨形态发生蛋白(BMP4)基因,构建真核表达质粒,并在中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞中表达,为进一步研究以BMP4进行骨修复的基因治疗奠定基础。【方法】采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法,从人的松质骨中扩增BMP4的环形脱氧核糖核酸(cDNA),插入pGEM-Teasy载体,测序证实后,将其亚克隆至质粒PCDNA3.1B(-)中构建BMP4真核表达载体;采用脂质体将重组质粒转染CHO细胞,经G418筛选获得抗性细胞克隆,以RT-PCR和免疫组织化学方法鉴定转染细胞中BMP4基因的表达。【结果】经限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析和DNA序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒,RT-PCR和免疫组化方法证明转基因CHO细胞克隆中存在人BMP4基因。【结论】成功获得了人BMP4的全长基因,且序列与已知序列高度一致。     

新基因s-lap编码区的克隆及其重组表达质粒PHB/s-lap的构建

目的：克隆新基因s-lap编码区序列并构建其重组表达质粒。 方法：利用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法,以可见光损伤早期的培养的猪视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞ds cDNA为模板,扩增新基因s-lap编码区序列;利用基因重组技术构建PHB/s-lap重组表达质粒。 结果：经测序证实获得了正确的新基因s-lap编码区序列,酶切鉴定及DNA序列分析表明已经将s-lap基因编码区序列克隆到PHB表达载体, 成功地构建了PHB/s-lap重组表达质粒。结论：成功地克隆了新基因s-lap编码区序列,并构建了其重组表达质粒PHB/s-lap。     

人转化生长因子-β1基因克隆、测序及真核表达载体的构建

目的：克隆人转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）基因编码区cDNA序列，构建并鉴定TGF-β1真核表达载体。方法：设计含有EcoRI和Xhol Ⅰ酶切位点的TGF-β1 cDNA引物，利用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）法，以人白细胞mRNA为模版，扩增TGF-β1基因，纯化PCR产物，TA克隆，双酶切与pcDNA3质粒表达载体连接，转化感受态大肠杆菌JM109，酶切鉴定阳性董组子，并进行序列测定。结果：琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示，用双酶切后形成分子量1．2kb的条带，符合物理图谱，表明表达载体构建成功，序列测定结果与预测结果完全一致。结论：成功克隆了TGF-β1基因，并成功地构建了真核表达载体pcDNA3-TGF-β1.     

人甲状腺刺激激素受体cDNA的克隆及真核表达载体的构建

目的克隆人甲状腺刺激激素受体(hTSHR)基因cDNA并构建其真核表达载体。方法以人甲状腺组织cDNA为模板,聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增hTSHR基因编码区的全部序列,克隆入pGEM-T载体中,经限制性内切酶、DNA序列分析鉴定目的基因后,定向亚克隆到真核细胞表达载体pcDNA3.1中,并进行双酶切鉴定。结果PCR扩增的特异性片段长度为2 337 bp,以此构建的pGEM-T-hTSHR克隆载体,经限制性内切酶酶切及DNA序列分析证实载体中带有hTSHR基因编码区的目的片段,重组质粒pcDNA3.1-hTSHR经KpnⅠ和XbaⅠ双酶切后显示5 1000 bp和2 300 bp左右的2个条带,DNA序列分析显示与GenBank中的hTSHR基因cDNA序列一致,证明hTSHR基因已成功克隆入真核细胞表达载体pcDNA3.1中。结论成功构建了野生型pcDNA3.1-hTSHR重组真核表达载体。     

马兜铃酪氨酸脱羧酶基因克隆、测序及同源性分析

【目的】从中草药马兜铃中获得酪氨酸脱羧酶基因(tyrDC)互补DNA(cDNA)序列并进行同源性分析，以进一步达到敲除tyrDC，减轻该药肾毒性的目的。【方法】参照已知的植物酪氨酸脱羧酶的保守性氨基酸序列设计简并引物，并通过反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)从马兜铃中扩增出cDNA片段。将扩增的cDNA序列克隆并测序，用以设计特异引物，并通过cDNA末端快速扩增(Rapid Ampli6cation of cDNA Ends，RACE)从马兜铃中扩增出全长tyrDC cCNA。【结果】该克隆的tyrDC cDNA的总长度为1678bp，包括一个编码516个氨基酸的1551bp开读框(ORF)和一段127bp的下游非翻译区(3’UTR)。序列比较结果表明，由马兜铃tyrDC核苷酸序列推导的氨基酸序列分别与已发布的罂粟酪氨酸脱羧酶和唐松草酪氨酸／多巴脱羧酶享有76％和79％的同源性。【结论】从马兜铃中扩增得到tyrDC cDNA全序列，且对酪氨酸脱羧酶的同源检索显示，不同植物的酪氨酸脱羧酶之间都存在普遍的序列相似性。为去除马兜铃肾毒性奠定了基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.