低剂量辐射诱导适应性反应规律及其机理研究的进展

低剂量辐射诱导适应性反应规律及其机理研究的进展蔡露作者拟在自己工作的基础上结合国外研究结果对低剂量辐射诱导适应性反应规律及其机理进行总结。实验主要采用人、家兔外周血淋巴细胞、小鼠体细胞和生殖细胞经离体或整体小剂量照射（即：适应性照射剂量，简称：Ｄ１）...     

低水平辐射和低剂量化学诱变剂诱导细胞遗传学适应性反应的交叉耐受性

低剂量电离辐射可诱导人外周血淋巴细胞产生对相继较大剂量辐射诱发染色体畸变的抗性,该反应也可被低剂量的化学致突剂诱生,并且在电离辐射和化学致突剂之间还存有交叉适应性现象。     

人类淋巴细胞的适应性反应对氡诱导染色体损伤的修复

低剂量X射线诱导的适应性反应是激活了染色体断裂修复机制,从而使畸变率下降.那么,是否能通过低剂量的X射线诱导产生染色体断裂修复机制,使随后氡照射产生的染色体断裂减少.材料和方法:人外周血淋巴细胞培养,实验组     

不同剂量率X射线辐照对小鼠免疫系统的影响

目的 检测经相同剂量不同剂量率X射线照射的BalB／C小鼠外周血淋巴细胞周期及胸腺和脾脏指数。方法 18只BalB／c小鼠随机分为对照组（controI），低剂量率照射组（20cGy／min）和高剂量率照射组（300cGy／min），每组6只。低剂量组和高剂量组采用剂量率分别为2．0cGy／min和300cGy／min的1GyX射线对小鼠进行全身照射，24h后取血及器官，用流式细胞仪检测外周血淋巴细胞的周期变化，用称量的方法得到胸腺和脾脏指数。结果 高剂量率辐射时，小鼠外周血淋巴细胞的损伤较低剂量时大，而且对雄性鼠的影响大于雌性；同时，胸腺和脾脏指数变化也随着剂量率的增大而减小。结论 低剂量率的照射对小鼠外周血淋巴细胞、胸腺和脾脏的影响较高剂量率辐射小；雌性鼠的辐射耐受能力较雄性强。     

低剂量辐射诱导免疫适应性反应的实验研究

目的　研究低剂量辐射能否诱导免疫适应性应。方法　３ＨＴｄＲ 掺入法检测淋巴细胞增殖率;ＣＴＬＬ依赖株检测ＩＬ２ 活性;单克隆抗体免疫荧光标记,流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ） 检测淋巴细胞亚组及膜受体表达;ＰＩ标记,ＦＣＭ 检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡;双抗体夹心间接ＥＬＩＳＡ 法测定可溶性白介素２ 受体;Ｆｕｒａ２ 负载,双波长荧光测定法检测细胞内［Ｃａ２＋ ］ｉ;传代培养细胞测定细胞倍增时间。结果　低剂量辐射预照射可明显减轻其后大剂量照射对诸多淋巴细胞功能的抑制作用。结论　低剂量Ｘ 射线可诱导多参数免疫适应性反应。     

生殖细胞中辐射诱导适应性反应的研究：Ⅰ辐射剂量及间…

本文作者利用小鼠初级精母细胞的短期实验和精原干细胞的长期实验，对低剂量辐射的剂量、照射方式和大剂量辐射的剂量以及间隔时间进行了研究。结果证明：１０－２０ｍＧｙＸ射线都有诱导适应性反应出现；大剂量辐射的剂量水平对适应性反应的影响不太明显。     

生殖细胞中辐射诱导适应性反应的研究Ⅰ 辐射剂量及间隔时间对适应性反应的影响

本文作者利用小鼠初级精母细胞的短期实验和精原干细胞的长期实验，对低剂量辐射的剂量、照射方式和大剂量辐射的剂量以及间隔时间进行了研究。结果证明；１０～２００ｍＧｙＸ射线都能诱导适应性反应出现；大剂量辐射的剂量水平对适应性反应的影响不太明显，即在０．７５～４．５Ｇｙ之间均可见到适应性反应；小剂量辐射与相继大剂量辐射之间的间隔时间对适应性反应的出现有很大影响，即０．５小时，大于和等于２４小时不出现适应性反应；５０ｍＧｙ×４的多次照射和慢性小剂量照射１．１０Ｇｙ￣（６０）Ｃｏγ射线仍可诱导明显的适应性反应出现。这些结果表明，在生殖细胞中可见到辐射诱导的适应性反应现象。     

低剂量r射线诱导的淋巴细胞DNA断裂的适应性反应

利用ＤＮＡ解旋荧光测定法（ＦＡＤＵ）研究了低剂量ｒ射线诱导的淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ断裂的适应性反应，并观察了不同浓度的３－氨基苯甲酰胺对适应性反应的影响。结果表明：０．５￣４．０ｏＧｙｒ射线照射（Ｄ１）均可诱导淋巴细胞对１５Ｇｙｒ射线照射的抗性，８．０ｃＧｙ引起的适应性反应不明显，２．０，４．０ｃＧｙ的ｒ射线为诱导适应性反应的最适剂量。５￣２０Ｇｙ的Ｄ２照射均可显现出Ｄ１诱导的适应性反应，以１５Ｇｙ照射后     

电离辐射诱导免疫细胞旁效应的实验研究

目的 探讨不同剂量电离辐射在体外诱导免疫细胞的旁效应。方法用^3H-TdR掺入法观察未受照射的EL4细胞的增殖效应，用硝酸盐还原法测定受照射的J774A．1细胞分泌一氧化氮(NO)的含量。结果在受高、低剂量照射的抗原递呈细胞(J774A．1)和未受照射的T淋巴细胞(EL4)的共培养体系中，0．075Gy X射线照射的J774A．1细胞使EL4细胞的增殖增强，而2Gy X射线照射的J774A．1细胞则使EL4细胞的增殖抑制；较大剂量X射线照射后J774A．1细胞分泌NO量明显增多，可能影响共培养的T细胞的增殖反应。结论低剂量辐射可诱导兴奋性或有益的旁效应，其机理有待进一步阐明。     

低剂量照射在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展

电离辐射生物效应与辐射剂量和剂量率有关,大、中剂量照射以损伤效应为主,低剂量照射可诱导机体的兴奋效应、适应性反应、超敏感性、旁效应等。低剂量全身照射通过诱导免疫增强效应、超敏感性、激活抗氧化酶系统及肿瘤细胞凋亡等机制具有抗肿瘤作用,降低随后较大剂量辐射诱发的肿瘤发生率。目前。低剂量照射在肿瘤防治中的应用正成为研究的热点。     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

磁共振DWI和动态增强鉴别颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤的应用

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强在颅底脊索瘤和侵袭性垂体瘤(IPA)鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实且影像学有鞍区破坏的颅底脊索瘤患者15例、向鼻咽部侵犯的IPA患者20例.测量二者的表观扩散系数(ADC)值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析动态增强曲线的类型,统计达峰时间(TTP)、增强峰值(EP)和最大对比增强率(MCER),分析各个参数在鉴别诊断中的价值.结果 颅底脊索瘤的ADC值为(1.274±0.07)×10-3mm2/s,高于IPA ADC值(0.672±0.03) ×10-3 mm2/s(P ＜0.001),ADC阈值为0.964×10-3mm2/s时,ROC曲线下面积为0.997,敏感度为93.3％,特异度为100％.颅底脊索瘤时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)Ⅰ型14例,TICⅢ型1例,此例TICⅢ型者TTP约40 s;IPA TIC Ⅰ型7例,TICⅢ型13例.颅底脊索瘤和IPA的EP、MCER差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 ADC值和TIC的类型及其相关参数(EP,MCER)有助于颅底脊索瘤和IPA之间的鉴别.     

Treatment of intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula in hepatocellular carcinoma with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be one of the most common malignancies with an incidence of approximately one million cases per year and a dismal prognosis; some authors have reported a median survival of 1 ～ 2 months after diagnosis. Although surgery remains the only hope for cure, few patients are candidates[1,2].