BiPAP呼吸机治疗急性左心衰所致低氧血症的临床分析

目的：观察双水平气道正压通气（BiPAP）呼吸机面／鼻罩正压通气治疗急性左心衰所致低氧血症的作用及其对心功能的影响,评估其治疗急性左心衰所致低氧血症的临床疗效。方法：对18例急性左心衰并低氧血症患者,在常规药物抗心衰治疗基础上联用BiPAP呼吸机面／鼻罩正压通气治疗,观察患者治疗过程中动脉血气、呼吸频率（RR）、心率（HR）、血压及临床症状变化,并进行相关分析。结果：18例患者临床症状明显改善。BiPAP呼吸机面／鼻罩正压通气治疗后2h动脉血氧分压（PaO2）较治疗前显著增高（P〈0．01）,RR及HR较治疗前显著降低（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论：BiPAP呼吸机正压通气治疗可明显改善急性左心衰患者的低氧血症和心功能,可作为其治疗手段之一。     

机械通气抢救重症急性左心衰20例临床观察

目的探讨机械通气抢救重症急性左心衰的临床疗效。方法对20例重度急性左心衰患者机械通气治疗前后的生命体征及血气分析结果进行临床比较分析。结果20例重度急性左心衰患者经机械通气治疗后缺氧症状较治疗前明显好转,生命体征及血气分析指标也有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论紧急气管插管、机械通气能及时有效地缓解急性左心衰竭所致低氧血症和高碳酸血症,是抢救重症急性左心衰发作的有效措施。     

无创正压通气抢救急性左心衰并低氧血症的临床观察

目的 进一步评价无创正压通气在急性左心衰合并低氧血症抢救中的疗效.方法 对42例急性左心衰合并低氧血症患者随机分组,治疗组采用常规药物治疗加BiPAP呼吸机面罩或鼻罩双水平正压通气,对照组采用常规药物治疗加鼻导管吸氧.结果 治疗组经无创正压通气后20例患者在30min-2h症状好转,呼吸减慢(P＜0.01)、心率下降(P＜0.01)、PaO2上升(P＜0.01)、肺底部湿啰音减少或消失,总有效率95.2%.对照组在相应时间内仅14例好转,有效率66.7%.两组相比差异显著(P＜0.01).结论 无创正压通气治疗急性左心衰合并低氧血症效果显著.     

机械通气抢救急性左心衰竭合并呼吸衰竭的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨机械通气抢救急性左心衰竭合并呼吸衰竭的疗效及临床应用价值。方法:26例重症急性左心衰竭伴呼吸衰竭患者在传统常规治疗的基础上加用机械通气治疗。观察通气前后心率、呼吸频率、平均动脉压、动脉血气分析(pH、Pa02、Sa02、PaC02)的变化及临床症状的改善情况。结果:机械通气治疗后,26例患者中23例病情好转,3例死亡。通气后患者的呼吸困难明显改善,肺部罗音明显减少。通气1小时后呼吸频率由(33.2±6.3)次/min降至(21.2±3.3)次/min(P<0.05),心率由(116.5±14.3)次/min降至(86.7±11.6)次/min(P<0.05),平均动脉压由(96.8±7.2)mmHg降至(83.5±4.2)mmHg(P<0.05)。通气前及通气后1小时查血气,Sa02由(75.3±7.9)%升高至(95.8±3.6)%(P<0.01),Pa02由(49.5±8.4)mmHg升高至(84.4±5.1)mmHg(P<0.01),PH、PaC02变化无显著差异。结论:对各种不同原因引起的急性左心衰竭合并呼吸衰竭患者,机械通气治疗能有效的改善患者的临床症状及低氧血症,是抢救急性左心衰竭合并呼吸衰竭的有效辅助措施。     

BiPAP无创通气治疗急性左心衰竭27例疗效观察

[目的]观察BiPAP无创正压通气(NIPPV)在急性左心衰竭抢救中的临床应用疗效。[方法]52例住院急性左心衰竭患者随机分为2组,BiPAP组27例在应用常规抗心衰药物的同时联用BiPAP呼吸机进行无创通气治疗;对照组25例只应用常规抗心衰药物治疗,记录治疗前后症状、体征、血流动力学及血气分析各参数。[结果]BiPAP组患者临床症状、体征、血气等明显改善,显效率81.5%,总有效率92.6%;对照组显效率48%,总有效率80%,2组间显效率差异有显著性。[结论]经面罩NIPPV治疗急性左心衰时能迅速改善患者症状和低氧血症,是一种快速安全有效的抢救     

无创双水平正压通气辅助治疗急性左心衰竭的疗效观察

目的观察双水平正压通气（BiPAP）辅助治疗急性左心衰竭的临床疗效。方法60例急性左心衰患者,随机分为面罩吸氧组和BiPAP组。面罩吸氧组在常规药物治疗基础上单纯给予面罩吸氧,吸入氧流量为5～10L;BiPAP组在常规药物治疗的基础上加用BiPAP正压通气治疗。观察两组通气前后心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）、血氧饱和度（SaO2）及动脉血气分析[pH、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、动脉二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）]的变化及临床症状的改善情况。结果机械通气治疗后,患者呼吸困难明显改善,生命体征很快稳定,血气分析指标明显好转。结论对于各种不同原因引起的急性左心衰,在充分使用药物治疗心源性肺水肿的基础上,合用BiPAP治疗,能及时有效地改善患者的临床症状及低氧血症,提高抢救成功率,减少死亡率。     

无创正压通气治疗急性左心衰临床疗效观察

目的观察无创正压通气治疗急性左心衰的疗效。方法60例急性左心衰患者,随机分为常规治疗组和无创通气组,无创通气组在常规治疗基础上加用通气治疗,观察通气前后心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）、血气分析（PH、PaO2、PaCO2）的变化及临床症状的改善情况。结果通气治疗后,患者呼吸困难明显改善,生命体征很快稳定,血气分析指标明显好转。结论对各种不同原因引起的急性左心衰,通气能及时有效的改善患者的临床症状及低氧血症,是抢救急性左心衰的有效措施。     

BiPAP无创通气治疗妊娠并发急性左心衰竭28例疗效观察

目的评价双水平正压无创通气(BiPAP)救治妊娠并发急性左心衰的临床疗效。方法将我院的56例妊娠并发急性左心衰患者随机分成两组,治疗组28例(A组),在常规药物抗心衰治疗基础上联用BiPAP呼吸机面罩正压通气治疗,测定动脉血氧分压,观察血压、心率、呼吸及临床症状,并进行相关分析。对照组28例(B组)常规药物抗心衰治疗。结果治疗组在治疗后1h、3h,心率、呼吸、动脉血氧分压、平均动脉压的改善明显优于对照组(P<0.05),治疗显效率为50.00%,总有效率为82.14%,均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论妊娠并发急性左心衰患者在常规药物抗心衰治疗基础上联用BiPAP呼吸机面罩正压通气治疗较单纯常规药物抗心衰治疗对患者心率、呼吸、血氧的改善明显且治疗效果显著,值得临床推广运用。     

机械通气联合镇静治疗抢救急性左心衰并呼吸衰竭24例

目的:探讨机械通气联合镇静治疗抢救急性左心衰并呼吸衰竭的临床疗效。方法:前瞻性分析2006年6月至2007年12月我院收治的急性左心衰合并呼吸衰竭的56例患者资料,紧急气管插管后机械通气联合镇静治疗24例,常规药物治疗32例,比较两组患者治疗后体征、血气分析的变化以及最终的病死率和平均住院时间。结果:1治疗2h后,机械通气联合镇静组患者同常规药物组相比,临床体征和血气分析明显改善(P均<0.05);2机械通气联合镇静治疗组病死率为33.3%,显著低于常规药物治疗组59.4%的病死率(P<0.01);3机械通气联合镇静治疗组存活患者住院时间为24±8d,少于常规治疗组32±7d(P均<0.05)。结论:紧急气管插管后机械通气联合镇静治疗能够及时有效地缓解急性左心衰所致的低氧血症和高碳酸血症,并能在短时间内使病人转危为安,是抢救急性左心衰发作的有效措施。     

冠心病致急性左心衰竭经无创呼吸机治疗的疗效观察

目的:观察冠心病致急性左心衰竭经无创正压通气治疗的临床疗效。方法:对27例冠心病致急性左心衰竭患者在常规治疗下不能有效改善低氧血症时,使用双水平正压通气(BiPAP)治疗,观察治疗前、后临床症状、体征的变化。结果:24例患者在无创机械通气后呼吸困难明显减轻;血气分析结果动脉pH、氧分压(PaO2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、收缩压(SBP)较治疗前明显改善;患者的症状和体征也明显改善。结论:无创BiPAP可明显改善冠心病致急性左心衰竭患者低氧血症,提高冠心病致急性左心衰竭的抢救成功率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.