维格列汀与阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病患者降血糖的临床疗效比较

目的:观察DPP-4抑制剂维格列汀与糖苷酶抑制剂阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病患者的降血糖效果。方法:将56例2型糖尿病胰腺β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)患者随机分为两组,分别给予维格列汀和阿卡波糖单独治疗。结果:治疗15周后两组HbA1c、FPG、2 hPG均明显降低,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。维格列汀治疗组胰腺β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)较阿卡波糖组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:维格列汀在降低血糖的同时可以修复胰腺β细胞的功能,是一种有效的新型降糖药。     

维格列汀联合二甲双胍与短期胰岛素强化治疗2型糖尿病的临床疗效

【摘要】目的 探讨维格列汀联合二甲双胍与短期胰岛素强化治疗初诊2型糖尿病CT2DM患者的有效性和安全性。方法 对32例新诊断T2DM患者, HbA1c＜9%的患者予以二甲双胍联合维格列汀（n=20）;HbA1c≥9%的患者予以胰岛素（n=12）,均治疗12周。结果 两种治疗方案均可有效降低初诊2型糖尿病空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖及糖化血红蛋白（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,维格列汀组显著增加患者HOMA-β,胰岛素强化组显著增加患者HOMA-β、空腹及餐后2小时C肽水平（P＜0.05）,维格列汀组治疗后能明显增加血清脂联素水平（P＜0.05）,维格列汀组对BMI无明显影响（P＞0.05）,维格列汀联合二甲双胍组的不良反应较小,未出现低血糖。结论 对于HbA1c＜9%的患者来说,维格列汀联合二甲双胍是一种安全有效的降糖方法;而对于HbA1c≥9%的初诊2型糖尿病患者,胰岛素强化治疗可能是更好的降糖方案。     

维格列汀联合其他降糖药治疗2型糖尿病的疗效与安全性的Meta分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病采取维格列汀联合其他降糖药治疗的疗效与安全性的Meta分析情况。方法:通过对万方、知网、维普、CBM等数据库进行检索,将2型糖尿病、维格列汀、联合、降糖药物、疗效、安全性等作为关键词,利用Meta分析纳入的文献,总结维格列汀联合其他降糖药物治疗2型糖尿病的疗效与安全性。结果:通过筛选后最终纳入本研究的文献研究有9个,经Meta分析显示维格列汀联合治疗在降低糖化血红蛋白方面优于α糖苷酶抑制剂(P0.05);安全性来看,联合治疗不良反应发生率稍高于双胍、磺脲类、胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂(GLP-1)等,而低血糖发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:经Meta分析显示维格列汀联合其他降糖药物治疗2型糖尿病不仅疗效可靠,且安全性高,值得借鉴。     

二甲双胍联合格列齐特或维格列汀降糖效果比较

目的 观察单用二甲双胍血糖未达标的2型糖尿病患者,在二甲双胍基础上分别加用格列齐特或者维格列汀治疗,对比其疗效及安全性差异.方法 54例单用二甲双胍而血糖未达标的2型糖尿病患者,随机分组加用格列齐特或维格列汀治疗16周,检测治疗前后体重、空腹血糖、早餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白及低血糖发生情况.结果 16周后,2组患者空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖,糖化血红蛋白治疗前后差异显著（P＜0.05）;2组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;格列齐特组体重增加（1.61±1.2） kg,维格列汀组体重增加（0.84±1.19） kg,2组对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;格列齐特组患者低血糖报告共9人次,维格列汀组无低血糖报告.结论 对于单用二甲双胍治疗未能达标患者,第2种口服降糖药使用格列齐特或者维格列汀均可有效降低血糖,两者疗效相当,使用维格列汀者有着低血糖发生率低、体重无明显增加的特点.     

维格列汀对非酒精性脂肪肝病大鼠脂肪酸 w氧化关键酶 CYP1 A1及 CYP2 E1表达的影响

目的：探讨维格列汀对高脂高糖饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝病（ NAFLD）大鼠肝脏细胞色素P4501A1（CYP1A1）以及P4502E1（CYP2E1）表达的影响。方法60只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组（n＝20）、高脂饮食组（n＝20）及维格列汀干预组（n＝20）,高脂饮食组及维格列汀干预组给予高脂饲料3个月建立NAFLD大鼠模型,模型建立成功后维格列汀干预组给予维格列汀10 mg／（ kg? d）灌胃治疗,高脂饮食组给予生理盐水灌胃参照,分别在治疗4周和8周后处死大鼠各半,观察其对肝脏切片HE染色特点、肝功能以及血脂、CYP1A1及CYP2E1的表达特点。结果肝脏病理学检测：治疗4周后,空白对照组几乎没有脂肪颗粒,高脂饮食组存在明显的肝脏脂肪沉积,维格列汀干预组肝脏脂肪颗粒沉积明显减少,治疗8周后维格列汀干预组看不到任何脂肪空泡,但仍有一定的炎症反应;治疗4周后,维格列汀干预组与高脂饮食组相比,LDH、AST、ALT明显降低（ P＜0．05）,γ－GT没有变化;治疗8周后,LDH、AST以及ALT进一步降低;治疗4周后大鼠TC、LDL－C、HDL－C以及TG明显低于模型组（P＜0．05）,治疗8周后,相较于治疗4周后进一步降低。大鼠CYP1A1以及CYP2E1 mRNA及蛋白表达4周时即出现明显的下降（P＜0．05）,8周时基本维持在4周的水平。结论维格列汀可通过调节大鼠脂肪酸w氧化关键酶CYP1A1以及CYP2E1的表达,进而调节脂代谢,改善肝功能,最终缓解NAFLD的症状。     

维格列汀联合不同降糖药物治疗2型糖尿病临床效果比较

目的回顾性分析维格列汀联合不同降糖药物治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果。方法收集我院采用维格列汀联合胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病患者40例为观察组,另选同期收治的采用维格列汀联合二甲双胍治疗患者41例为对照组。均给予6个月治疗,观察两组治疗前后血糖指标变化及不良反应情况。结果两组治疗后FPG、2 h PG、Hb A1c指标均低于治疗前(P<0.05);两组治疗前后同期比较,上述指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗期间不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论维格列汀联合二甲双胍或维格列汀联合胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病均可稳定血糖,不良反应发生率两种疗法无统计学差异。     

维格列汀对新诊断2型糖尿病患者血管内皮细胞功能的影响

目的:探讨维格列汀对新诊断2型糖尿病患者血管内皮细胞功能的影响。方法:将2012年1月至2013年6月收治的70例新诊断2型糖尿病患者随机分为维格列汀组和二甲双胍组,每组各35例。治疗前后分别测定患者肱动脉血流介导的血管舒张(FMD)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、血脂、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(CRP)。结果:治疗24周后,两组FMD、脂联素均较治疗前增加(P<0.05),Hb A1c、FBG、TG、CHOL、LDL-C、TNF-α、CRP均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);维格列汀组治疗后FINS较治疗前增加(P<0.05),二甲双胍组治疗后FINS与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。其中维格列汀组FMD、脂联素增加,TNF-α降低较二甲双胍组明显(P<0.05);二甲双胍组Hb A1c、FBG、血脂下降较维格列汀组更明显(P<0.05)。结论:维格列汀可改善新诊断2型糖尿病患者血管内皮细胞功能,且这种作用优于二甲双胍。     

维格列汀主要相关物质的合成及其优化

目的 合成维格列汀的主要相关物质,并以星点设计-效应面法优化其制备工艺.方法 以L-脯氨酸和3-氨基-1-金刚烷醇为原料,经氯乙酰化,氨基化,脱水,取代4步反应合成维格列汀主要的相关物质维格列汀二取代物.结果 合成的二取代物经红外、核磁共振氢谱、质谱检测得到结构确证.结论 本路线合成的二取代物可作为维格列汀质量控制中的相关物质对照品,有利于对质量进行分析控制;应用星点设计-效应面法优化了工艺,使得整个工艺路线具备实际应用价值.     

维格列汀通过调控炎症细胞因子和Nrf2途径促进糖尿病足溃疡创面愈合

目的 探究维格列汀对实验性糖尿病足溃疡创面的愈合作用及其机制.方法 45只健康SD大鼠随机分为3组,即空白组、模型组和维格列汀组,每组15只.采用高糖高脂饲料+链脲佐菌诱发大鼠糖尿病足溃疡模型,造模成功后24 h,空白组和模型组予以等量生理盐水(2 ml/100 g)灌胃,维格列汀组按57 mg/kg剂量灌胃,分别于给...     

阿卡波糖联合维格列汀治疗老年2型糖尿病患者的效果及安全性

目的：探讨老年2型糖尿病患者应用阿卡波糖联合维格列汀治疗的效果及安全性。方法老年2型糖尿病患者单用阿卡波糖（50 mg／次,每天三餐中各一次）治疗12周以上,7.5％＜糖化血红蛋白（ HbA1c ）＜9.0％,随机分为两组：一组加用维格列汀50 mg／次,2次／d（维格列汀组）及另一组加用瑞格列奈1 mg／次,2次／d （瑞格列奈组）共治疗12周。结果两组治疗12周后,与基线相比,校正后的HbA1C平均降幅分别为（－1.02±0.05）％和（－1.21±0.05）％（ P＜0.05）;后者较前者下降明显（ P＜0.05）。空腹血糖在两组均有一定程度下降,维格列汀组下降（－1.12±0.08）mmol／L,诺和龙组（－1.35±0.06）mmol／L;后者较前者明显下降（P＜0.05）;治疗后两组体重变化差异无统计学意义;维格列汀组胃肠道不良事件10例,无低血糖事件;瑞格列奈组胃肠道事件6例,2例低血糖;不良事件总发生率分别为31.2％和20.0％（P＜0.01）。结论老年2型糖尿病单用阿卡波糖血糖控制不佳患者,加用维格列汀可显著降低HbA1c;疗效较联用诺和龙稍差,胃肠道不良反应增加,低血糖事件发生率降低。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.