神经干细胞联合胶质细胞源性神经营养因子脑内移植治疗帕金森病的实验研究

目的：探讨胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF）对脑内移植神经干细胞（neural stem cells,NSCs）的存活、分化及对帕金森病（Parkinson＇s disease,PD）模型大鼠的治疗作用.方法：采用原代培养胚胎14.5天的胎鼠腹侧中脑NSCs,单独或经GDNF预处理后移植入PD模型大鼠的纹状体,观察NSCs在纹状体的分化情况,以及PD模型大鼠旋转行为的变化.结果：联合GDNF移植NSCs比单纯移植的NSCs较多的转化为多巴胺能神经元,并能够改善PD模型大鼠的旋转行为.结论：GDNF可以促进中脑来源的NSCs向多巴胺能神经元转化,并对PD模型大鼠有较好的治疗作用.     

帕金森病大鼠模型激发自体脑内神经干细胞增殖的实验研究

目的　研究帕金森病 (Parkinson’sdisease ,PD)大鼠激发自体脑内神经干细胞的增殖情况。方法　选用SD大鼠 ,将 6 羟多巴胺 (6 OHDA)注入纹状体内制作PD大鼠模型 ,假手术对照组注入等量生理盐水 ,于不同时间点处死大鼠。处死前均注射 5 溴脱氧尿苷 (Brdu)。免疫组织化学方法动态检测Brdu和巢蛋白 (Nestin)的表达 ,以确定脑内增殖细胞和神经前体细胞数量 ,Brdu/Nestin免疫双标确定脑内神经干细胞的增殖情况。结果　同正常组、假手术对照组比较 ,PD大鼠损伤侧海马区、侧脑室室管膜下区和黑质区的Brdu 细胞、Nestin 细胞和Brdu /Nestin 细胞数在模型成功后的第 3、5、7天明显增加 ,14d后逐渐减少 ,2 8d后恢复到正常水平。结论　 6 OHDA纹状体内注射制作PD的模型大鼠能够激活自体神经干细胞增殖。     

纹状体源性神经营养因子治疗帕金森病大鼠模型的实验研究

【目的】探讨纹状体源性神经营养因子 (SDNF)在帕金森病 (PD)治疗方面的应用前景。【方法】建立 6 羟基多巴胺 (6 OHDA)诱导的大鼠“半”PD模型 ,进行早期一次性注射SDNF ,以及损伤两周后重复注射SDNF ,以观察SDNF对模型鼠的治疗作用。【结果】早期一次性注射SDNF能明显阻止中脑黑质多巴胺 (DA)神经元数量的减少。而损伤两周后重复注射SDNF ,虽不再能改变DA神经元的数量 ,但能降低模型鼠由阿朴吗啡 (APO)诱导的旋转 ,以及增加损伤侧纹状体内DA含量和降低HVA(高香草酸 ) /DA值。【结论】SDNF对 6 OHDA诱导的中脑DA神经元的变性有阻止作用 ,同时对残留DA神经元的功能有增强作用。     

帕金森病大鼠模型的炎性机制

目的 :研究帕金森病 (PD)大鼠模型的炎性机制。　方法 :采用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测PD大鼠模型黑质纹状体区肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)和白细胞介素 1(IL 1)的水平。采用酪氨酸羟化酶 (TH)免疫组化法估测黑质区神经损伤的程度。　结果 :PD大鼠模型黑质纹状体区TNF α和IL 1的水平较对照组明显增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,环孢素 (CsA)可减轻 6 羟基多巴胺 ( 6 OHDA)对黑质多巴胺神经元的损伤 ,但对黑质纹状体区TNF α和IL 1水平无明显影响。　结论 :免疫炎性机制可能参与PD的发病过程 ,CsA可能通过与炎性因子无关的途径对黑质多巴胺神经元起保护作用     

6-羟基多巴胺诱导帕金森病大鼠相关蛋白及mRNA的表达

目的:研究双点法注射6-羟基多巴胺(6-OHDA)制备的帕金森病(PD)大鼠相关分子的改变.方法:采用脑立体定位仪6-OHDA微量注射建立大鼠PD模型,2周后注射阿朴吗啡(APO),观察其行为学改变,并利用高效液相-电化学法测定正常大鼠(n=10)及PD大鼠(n=23)黑质组织中多巴胺(DA)及其代谢物3,4-二羟基苯...     

大鼠PD模型多巴胺能神经元损毁与纹状体相关神经元内c-fos的表达

为探讨 6 羟多巴胺 ( 6 OHDA)损毁大鼠帕金森病 (PD)模型多巴胺能神经元变性缺失与纹状体相关神经元内c fos表达的关系 ,观察PD模型的中脑腹侧酪氨酸羟化酶 (tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)阳性神经元及c fos表达阳性细胞在纹状体的分布。免疫组化染色结果表明 :6 OHDA损毁 7d ,损毁侧TH阳性神经元及强阳性神经元较正常侧数目明显减少 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但阿朴吗啡不能诱导c fos表达。损毁 2个月后TH阳性神经元在损毁侧完全消失 ,阿朴吗啡能诱导c fos在损毁侧尾壳核表达。结果提示 :c fos的表达能反映PD的多巴胺能神经元的变性缺失 ,其表达与否与多巴胺神经元损毁程度有关。     

GDNF对PD模型大鼠黑质神经祖细胞和神经元前体细胞增殖及分化的影响

目的 探讨胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子（GDNF）对帕金森病（PD）模型大鼠黑质内神经祖细胞和神经元前体细胞增殖和分化的影响.方法 大鼠右侧纹状体内注射6-羟多巴胺（6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA）建立模型,行为学分析筛选PD动物模型.将动物模型分为4组：动物模型对照组（右侧黑质内不注射）;PBS组（右侧黑质内注射PBS）;GDNF组（右侧黑质内注射GDNF）;EGF＋GDNF组（右侧黑质内注射EGF＋GDNF）.动物继续存活21天.免疫组织化学染色方法检测黑质内酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）、Ⅲ型β-微管蛋白（Tuj1）、巢蛋白（Nestin）免疫反应阳性细胞,光镜下观察并进行细胞计数,统计学分析处理数据.用Western blot方法分析黑质TH、Tuj1、Nestin蛋白的表达,蛋白条带用图象处理仪扫描,用LabWorks软件分析处理.结果 在GDNF组及EGF＋GDNF组大鼠出现显著的行为学功能恢复的同时,其TH反应阳性神经元数量和TH蛋白表达均显著高于对照组,且能同时检测到这里有Tuj1反应阳性细胞及Tuj1蛋白表达.但仅在EGF＋GDNF组检测到Nestin反应阳性细胞及Nestin蛋白表达.结论 GDNF能促进PD模型大鼠黑质内神经元前体细胞向多巴胺能神经元方向分化.     

雌激素对帕金森病模型大鼠中央杏仁核多巴胺释放及其旋转行为的影响

①目的　探讨雌激素对帕金森病 (PD)模型大鼠中央杏仁核 (CAN)多巴胺 (DA)释放及其旋转行为的影响。②方法　采用快速周期伏安法 (FCV) ,在以 6 羟基多巴胺 (6 OHDA)制备的PD模型大鼠身上 ,检测去卵巢(OVX)与苯甲酸雌二醇 (EB)处理对电刺激诱发的CAN区DA释放量的影响 ,同时观察雌激素对PD模型鼠行为的影响。③结果　去卵巢PD模型鼠经雌激素处理后 ,其左侧与右侧的CAN区DA释放量均高于未经雌激素处理组大鼠 (F =7.6 81,5 .2 85 ,q =4 .2 2 8～ 5 .831,P <0 .0 5 ) ;大鼠每天应用 10 μg的EB治疗 3d及 7d后 ,均可减少PD模型鼠在阿朴吗啡诱发下的旋转行为 (t1 ,t2 =2 .0 93,P <0 .0 5 )。④结论　雌激素可保护PD模型大鼠的杏仁核DA能神经元功能并可改善其旋转行为。     

“肾脑相济”电针疗法对帕金森病模型小鼠影响

目的:探讨"肾脑相济"电针疗法防治帕金森病的作用机制。方法:采用腹腔注射1-甲基-4-苯基1,2,3,6四氢吡啶(MPTP)7 d[20 mg/(kg·d)]的方式建立帕金森病模型。用悬挂实验观测协调能力;用免疫组织化学方法观测黑质中酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和离子钙接头分子(Iba-1)的阳性细胞数量;利用Elisa方法检测黑质和纹状体中炎性因子白介素-17(IL-17)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和胶质源性神经营养因子(GDNF)含量。结果:与空白组相比,模型组行为状态明显变差(P0.05),与模型组相比,西药组与电针组行为状态明显改善(P0.05);与空白组相比,模型组TH的阳性细胞数量明显减少,GFAP和Iba-1的阳性细胞数量明显增多(P0.05);与模型组相比,电针组和西药组TH的阳性细胞数量明显增多,GFAP和Iba-1的阳性细胞数量明显减少(P0.05);与空白组相比,模型组黑质和纹状体炎性因子IL-17、IL-6、TNF-α明显升高(P0.05),胶质源性神经营养因子(GDNF)的表达明显降低(P0.05);与模型组相比,西药组和电针组黑质和纹状体炎性因子IL-17、IL-6、TNF-α明显降低(P0.05),GDNF表达明显升高(P0.05)。结论:"肾脑相济"电针疗法可以通过补益脑肾,调节肾和脑的功能,抑制胶质细胞活性从而降低脑内黑质和纹状体中炎性因子的表达,增加胶质源性神经营养因子的表达,从而改善帕金森病多巴胺能神经元周围环境而达到保护多巴胺能神经元的目的。     

帕金森病大鼠模型的改进及神经前体细胞移植治疗的行为学研究

目的 探讨提高6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)帕金森病大鼠模型成功率的技术改进方法，并对改进模型进行行为学评价?观察神经前体细胞定点移植对改进型PD大鼠模型行为学的影响。方法 6-0HDA双点微量注射于大鼠左侧大脑制备PD大鼠模型并观察其行为学变化。小鼠胚胎干细胞的培养和无血清神经诱导，神经前体细胞恼内移植，移植后PD大鼠行为变化。结果 改进注射方法后PD大鼠模型制备成功率为73.3％，较常规制备方法明显提高；神经前体细胞脑内移植后的PD大鼠的旋转次数明显减少；结论 使用6-OHDA双点注射选择性破坏大鼠多巴胺能神经元，可建立较稳定的且成功率较高的PD模型。小鼠ES细胞诱导的神经前体细胞脑内移植后PD大鼠旋转次数明显减少。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.