血糖稳定机制损害患者冠状动脉病变特征分析

目的通过选择性冠状动脉造影（CAG）分析，探讨血糖稳定机制损害（IGR）患者病变和功能变化特征。方法选择性CAG技术测量19例IGR患者（A组）及60例血糖代谢正常者（B组）的冠状动脉直径狭窄率，比较2组冠状动脉直径狭窄率〉50％、25％～50％、〈25％的病变数量、病变节段长度、TIMI血流分级（STIMI）及TIMI血流异常百分比。结果2组冠状动脉直径狭窄率〉50％的病变数量及病变长度差别统计学意义（P〉0．05），2组≤50％的病变数量及病变长度差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05，或P〈0．01）。A组冠状动脉TIMI血流分级显著低于B组，且TIMI血流低于正常的比例显著高于B组。结论IGR患者冠状动脉病变数量多于非血糖调节功能受损患者，而且心肌内小血管或微小血管也可能受损。     

大剂量阿托伐他汀联合替罗非班治疗急性冠状动脉综合征临床观察

目的：探讨经皮冠状动脉介入（ PCI）、术前大剂量阿托伐他汀联合替罗非班治疗对急性冠状动脉综合征（ ACS）患者冠状动脉血流灌注、短期心血管不良事件（ MACE）以及安全性的影响。方法：选择ACS患者92例,根据是否直接行PCI术前应用大剂量阿托伐他汀和冠状动脉内注射替罗非班分为联合治疗组（A组）、单纯大剂量阿托伐他汀组（B组）、术前无药物预处理组（ C组）。主要观察终点为术后即刻冠状动脉血流情况。次要观察终点为术后30 d MACE。安全性终点为出院前丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ ALT）、肌酸激酶（ CK）、肌酐（ CR）水平、出血事件的发生率及对血小板的影响。结果：A组心肌梗死溶栓试验（TIMI）血流3级获得率高于C组（P〈0.05）;A组和B组TIMI血流帧数均低于C组（P〈0.01和P〈0.05）;A组和B组TIMI心肌灌注分级均高于C组（P〈0.01）,且A组高于B组（P〈0.05）。次要终点中,3组主要MACE和出院前ALT、CK、CR和出血事件的发生率及对PLT的影响差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：大剂量阿托伐他汀联合替罗非班可以改善ACS患者PCI术后的冠状动脉TIMI血流及心肌灌注,安全性良好。     

主动脉瓣关闭不全患者冠状动脉血流灌注的临床观察

目的：探讨主动脉瓣关闭不全对冠状动脉血流灌注的影响。方法i22例主动脉瓣中至重度关闭不全患者（A组）和30例无瓣膜疾病的受试者（B组）均接受经胸超声心动图检查和冠状动脉造影检查。采用TIMI计帧法测量主动脉瓣关闭不全患者冠状动脉血流速度。结果：A组收缩压、脉压差、左心室心肌重量指数（LVMI）、前降支（校正后）、回旋支、右冠TIMI帧数显著高于B组[（16．64±2．14）帧vs（12．67±1．68）帧P〈0．05,（24．41±3．43）帧vs（19．23±2．54）帧P〈0．05,（22．13±2．8）帧vs（17．89±2．18）帧P〈0．05],舒张压、射血分数（EF）低于B组。结论：主动脉瓣关闭不全但冠脉造影正常患者的冠脉血流速度减低,提示冠脉血流灌注不足,可能是导致该病患者发作心绞痛的原因之一。     

冠状动脉支架植入的时机选择研究

探讨比较冠心病患者入院经血管造影诊断后冠状动脉支架植入的时机选择对患者的临床疗效和安全性。方法选择2010年1月—2011年1月之间287例冠状动脉植入术的患者,分为进行A组（造影诊断后立刻进行冠状动脉支架植入,N=121）和B组（造影诊断后择期进行冠状动脉支架植入,N=166）两组,对他们的临床治疗效果进行分析比较。结果术者选择对造影诊断后的患者立刻进行冠状动脉支架植入或择期进行对于血管病变A型和B型的患者的疗效在成功率和并发症发生率这两个指标中经比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）但是对于C型病变的这两个指标经比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对于A型、B型病变的治疗可选择在患者进行血管造影诊断后即刻进行冠状动脉支架植入或者进行择期植入。而对于C型病变不建议术者对患者进行即刻支架植入,而是在进行了充分的抗血小板服药后等到血小板降至最佳水平再进行冠状动脉支架植入。     

心肌梗死溶栓后再发心肌缺血患者支架植入疗效观察

目的：探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）溶栓后再发心肌缺血患者冠状动脉病变特征和冠脉内支架植入疗效。方法：AMI静脉溶栓后再发心肌缺血病例182例,溶栓后再行冠状动脉造影（CAG）及冠脉内支架植入治疗。术前测定IRA、non—IRA病变程度及TIMI血流分级,术后及随访期间检测左室射血分数（LVEF）,统计随访期LVEF和心血管事件（MACE）。结果：溶栓结局分为溶栓再通组（123例,A组）及未通组（59例,B组）。A组的IRA残留严重病变例数和残留严重病变平均狭窄程度均明显少于B组,而TIMI3级血流例数均明显多于B组（P均〈0．05～0．01）。随访期间A组的MACE发生率少于B组,而左室射血分数明显高于后者（P均〈0．05～0．01）。结论：AMI静脉溶栓后再发心肌缺血患者常常伴有较严重的冠脉病变,特别是溶栓未通患者,行冠脉内支架治疗疗效较好。     

高敏C反应蛋白与急性冠状动脉综合征介入治疗后冠状动脉血流速度的相关分析

目的探讨非ST抬高急性冠状动脉综合征（NSTEACS）病人经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后冠状动脉血流速度及住院期间心血管事件（MACE）与术前高敏C反应蛋白（hs—CRP）水平的相关关系。方法接受PCI治疗的NSTEACS患者189例,其中不稳定型心绞痛（uAP）124例,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（NSTEMI）65例;另有稳定型心绞痛患者（SAP）40例。术前测定hs-CRP水平,术中应用校正T1MI血流计帧法（cTFC）计算靶冠状动脉的TIMI帧数,术后记录住院期间MACE的发生。分析hs-CRP水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系并探讨其与靶血管cTFC帧数的相关性;采用Logistic回归分析方法筛选MACE的危险因素。结果与SAP组比较,UAP组及NSTEMI组的hs-CRP水平明显升高（3．03±2．17,3．59±2．48mg／L vs1．96±0．62mg／L,P〈0．05）。NSTEACS病人冠状动脉病变程度与术前hs-CRP呈直线相关（r=0．522,P=0．001）;介入治疗后靶血管cTFC帧数与术前hs-CRP亦呈直线相关（r=0．657,P=0．001）。Logistic回归分析表明,术前hs—CRP水平是导致住院期间MACE发生的危险因素（OR2．417,P〈0．001）。结论NSTEACS患者术前hs-CRP水平升高预示患者介入治疗后住院期间MACE的发生率较高,这可能与术中靶血管血流速度受影响有关。     

缬沙坦对冠状动脉支架置入预后影响的研究

目的 研究缬沙坦对冠状动脉支架置入后的临床影响。方法 72例接受PTCA＋支架植入术（PCI）的患者分成缬沙坦干预治疗组（A组）和普通治疗组（Bgt），观察PCI后2组患者心绞痛的发作情况及超声心动图EF值的变化，随访6个月。结果 A组的心绞痛发生率较B组明显减低（P〈0．01），心肌梗死发生率A组低于B组（P〈O．05），EF值A组较B组明显改善（P〈0.01）。结论 缬沙坦对冠状动脉支架置入后的心绞痛缓解、心肌梗死的发生及心功能有较好影响。     

腺苷对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗心肌保护作用研究

目的 研究就腺苷对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后心肌损伤标志物的影响，并探讨其对PCI术中心肌保护作用、减少术后并发症的可能性。方法 所有患者随机分2组。A组为治疗组，在对患者进行按常规PCI操作治疗时，分别在球囊扩张前和支架植入后2次冠脉内弹丸式注射腺苷300腭。不使用腺苷按常规PCI操作进行治疗。两组患者均在PCI术前、术后6、12、24、48、72h抽静脉血检测肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（cTnⅠ），对比其差别。结果 两组患者在性别、年龄、冠心病相关危险因素和药物治疗等方面差异无统计学意义，在病变部位、程度、病变的复杂性、支架植入数目等方面差异无统计学意义。腺苷治疗组PCI术后cTnⅠ升高比例和cTnI〉2．0μg/L例数较传统手术组明显减少（P〈0．01）。结论 腺苷具有明显的心肌保护作用，值得临床推广。     

阿托伐他汀对冠状动脉支架预后的影响

目的 研究阿托伐他汀对冠状动脉支架后的临床影响。方法 76例接受PTCA＋Stenting（PCI）的患者分成阿托伐他汀干预治疗组（A组）和普通治疗组（B组），观察PCI后两组患者心绞痛的发作情况及超声心动图EF值的变化，随访6个月。结果 A组的心绞痛发生率较B组明显减低（P〈0．01），心肌梗死发生率A组低于B组（P〈0．05），EF值A组较B组明显改善（P〈0．01）。结论 阿托伐他汀对冠状动脉支架后的心绞痛缓解、心肌梗死的预防及心功能的恢复均有较好效果。     

简单和复杂支架技术治疗主要冠状动脉分叉病变的临床疗效

目的：比较简单支架技术与复杂支架技术治疗主要冠状动脉分叉病变的临床疗效。方法：自1998年1月至2002年6月间我院共完成38例主要冠状动脉分叉病变，其中28例采用对吻球囊技术对主支和边支预扩张，仅主支内植入支架为简单支架术A组；10例采用“T型”或“Y型”支架技术，分别在边支和主支均植入支架为复杂支架术B组，随访6个月以上，记录主要不良心脏病事件（心绞痛、急性心肌梗死，急诊搭桥，心源性死亡）。结果：两组患之间基础临床情况及造影血管特征无显著差异，A组主支成功率为100％，边支成功率为89．3％（25／28例）3例边支因残余狭窄＞50％，随即植入支架获得成功：B组支架成功率为100％，3例因边支在球囊扩张后残后余狭窄轻，主支植入支架后边支残余狭窄＜50％，未植入支架，随访期间A组再发心绞痛5例（5／28，17．85），B组再发绞痛2例（2／7，28．6％），两组均无其他不良心脏事件发生，结论：复杂支架技术在治疗主要冠状动脉分叉病变的疗效方面并不优于简单支架技术。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.