上海市2004年国际戒烟竞赛1个月随访分析

目的分析上海市2004年国际戒烟竞赛的效果,并探讨其戒烟行为的影响因素：方法竞赛1个月后对全市3691名报名参赛者进行随机抽样调查。结果竞赛4周内戒烟率为63．4％,1个月随访戒烟率为45．4％,复吸的主要原因是周围的人吸烟,Logistic回归分析结果显示：性别、戒烟决心、是否会自己戒烟是影响戒烟成功的显著因子。结论竞赛组织者通过各种渠道向社会宣传报名信息,竞赛取得了成功,对促进今后的控烟工作具有重要意义。     

1996-2004年天津国际戒烟竞赛方法及效果评估

目的分析天津市开展5次国际戒烟竞赛的效果和戒烟失败的原因。方法根据国际戒烟竞赛规则，采用随机抽样方法和统一的调查表，分别在竞赛结束1个月和1年后随访。结果国际戒烟竞赛结束1个月、1年后的戒烟率分别为53.8％，29.8％，复吸率占74．9％。结论国际成烟竞赛戒烟效果明显，复吸的主要原因是周围人吸烟和社交需要。     

福建省2006年国际戒烟竞赛1个月随访分析

[目的]分析福建省2006年国际戒烟竞赛的效果,探讨影响戒烟的因素,为今后目标人群进行戒烟行为干预提供依据。[方法]竞赛1个月后对全省4 619名报名参赛者进行等级抽样调查。[结果]1个月内戒烟率为51.9%,吸烟量比以前减少的为24.2%。复吸的主要原因有缺乏支持116人(28.9%)和周围人吸烟106人(26.4%);采用logistic回归分析显示,年龄、态度和参赛目的是影响戒烟成功的因子。[结论]国际戒烟竞赛是一项以减少吸烟的有效的群体性干预活动,为吸烟者控制吸烟行为、尝试戒烟到最终成功戒烟提供了有利环境。     

2006年国际戒烟竞赛贵州赛区随访分析

[目的]分析贵州省首次参加国际戒烟竞赛的效果,探讨影响戒烟成功的相关因素,为医务人员指导烟民戒烟提供参考.[方法]根据国际戒烟竞赛规则,使用统一问卷在戒烟竞赛结束1月和1年分别随机抽取10%的参赛者进行随访,数据用EPIDATA2.0进行录入,用SPSS13.0进行统计分析.[结果]参加竞赛人群中,70.6%的人参赛的目的是为了完全戒烟,73.5%的人参赛的最重要原因是预防严重疾病.竞赛后1个月有71.9%的人认为戒烟竞赛对自己戒烟有帮助,1年后,该比例上升为92.9%.竞赛期间的戒烟率为54%,竞赛结束后1个月、1年后的戒烟率分别为59.85%、37.95%.复吸率分别为46.72%、65.69%.竞赛1个月随访,影响戒烟成功的主要原因是周围有人吸烟(27.7%)和戒断症状(21.5%),1年后的主要原因是周围有人吸烟(48.4%).[结论]国际戒烟竞赛开展的效果明显,复吸的主要原因是周围人吸烟和戒断症状,帮助戒烟的措施主要是加强宣传教育,营造控烟环境,加强戒烟门诊的建设.     

福建省2006年参加国际戒烟竞赛者1个月及1年戒烟效果随访研究

目的了解福建省2006年参加国际戒烟竞赛者1个月和1 a后戒烟效果,并探讨其戒烟行为的影响因素,为今后开展控烟工作提供依据。方法对参加竞赛的全省4619名报名者于1个月和1 a后通过电话、邮寄等方式进行等距抽样随访。调查内容包括一般个人资料及吸烟情况、戒烟情况和复吸情况。调查数据用EpiData 3.1软件录入,并用SPSS11.5软件包进行χ^2检验和Logistic回归分析。结果持续戒烟1个月者占51.9%,持续戒烟1 a者占38.0%。单因素分析中,影响参赛者持续戒烟1个月的主要因素是参赛目的（χ^2=75.799,P=0.000）;影响持续戒烟1 a的主要因素包括吸烟量（χ^2=9.953,P=0.019）、参赛目的（χ^2=52.227,P=0.000）、戒烟措施（χ^2=7.882,P=0.019）。多因素分析中,影响参赛者持续戒烟1个月的主要因素包括年龄、戒烟态度、参赛目的,OR（95%CI）分别为0.98（0.964-0.997）,1.198（1.195-3.080）,2.812（2.152-3.675）;影响参赛者持续戒烟1 a的主要因素包括婚姻、吸烟量、戒烟态度、参赛目的、戒烟措施,OR（95%CI）分别为1.915（1.085-3.381）,0.720（0.546-0.951）,0.529（0.330-0.847）,3.171（2.233-4.501）,1.901（1.294-2.793）。参赛者复吸的主要原因有周围人吸烟、缺乏支持等。结论2006年福建省开展的国际戒烟竞赛活动已经取得一定成效,今后仍应加大宣传力度,积极争取相关政策支持,并充分发挥社区、家庭和社会等各方力量,以减少烟草危害。     

“2008年中国戒烟竞赛”福建赛区半年随访分析

[目的]了解2008年国家戒烟竞赛福建赛区参赛者的戒烟效果,为今后控烟工作提供依据。[方法]在大众参赛者中随机抽取调查对象,通过电话访问对其进行调查,数据用EpiData软件录入,用SPSS统计分析。[结果]随访360名参赛者,自称戒烟者占40.6%(146/360);吸烟量越大,其戒烟成功的可能性越小;通过朋友同事支持、医务人员的咨询可使戒烟成功率增高;周围有人吸烟为复吸者的主要原因,占49.8%。[结论]戒烟竞赛如果辅以科学指导及社会支持,则能更好的巩固戒烟效果,达到真正戒烟目的。     

中国1998年戒烟竞赛效果评价

１９９８年我国７个城市参加了国际戒烟竞赛,参赛者共３．８万人。参赛者进行随机抽样调查,一月戒烟率为６９．４％,一年戒烟成功率为４４．７％。影响戒烟一年成功的主要因素有“竞赛一月期间戒烟成功”和“参塞目的为了戒烟”,ＯＲ分别为１１．７４和８．１１。此外戒烟有人帮助和吸烟量少也有利于戒烟的成功。由于卫生部和各市周密计划,良好组织和动员,使竞赛十分成功。竞赛调动了各部门和广大群众控烟工作的积极性,为促进     

广州市大学生戒烟影响因素分析

目的了解广州市大学生戒烟情况及影响因素。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,于2012年5月对广州市6所大学1～4年级学生进行问卷调查,采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析戒烟的影响因素。结果共调查11593人,戒烟人数360,戒烟率33．77％;女性戒烟率（43．24％）高于男性（32．24％）;家庭平均月收入、学生月生活费及父亲文化程度越高,学生戒烟率越低;城职户籍学生戒烟率低于农村户籍;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示戒烟的影响因素为：性别（OR=0．362,959CI：0．240—0．547）、学校（OR医学类与理工类=5．275,95％CI：2．872～9．689）、月生活费（OR〈500与〉12000=7．115,95％CI：2．538～19．945）、户籍（OR本省外市与本市=1．597,95％CI：1．044～2．442）、吸烟知识（OR=1．407,95％CI：1．047～1．891）、压力（OR无与中、重=0．503,95％CI：0．278～0．912）。结论吸烟大学生戒烟与否受多种客观因素的影响,需要社会、学校和家长联合对大学生开展控烟宣传教育以及加强管理工作,促使吸烟学生尽早改变吸烟行为。     

郑州市2042名参加戒烟竞赛者戒烟情况调查

目的通过对戒烟效果的调查,分析影响戒烟的因素,为今后控烟宣传及吸烟者戒烟提供帮助.方法采用随机抽样的方法, 从参加戒烟竞赛者2042人中随机抽取300人,以问卷的形式进行电话随访,调查戒烟情况.结果一个月、两个月戒烟率分别为70.9%、57.4%;年龄、每日吸烟量、吸烟年限影响戒烟成功率;周围人吸烟、生活和工作太紧张及戒断症状成为复吸的前三位因素.结论通过健康教育使吸烟者自觉产生戒烟意识,并在全社会加强宣传、创造禁烟环境,使控烟达到满意的效果.     

郑州市2004年国际戒烟竞赛一年随访结果分析

吸烟是人类健康的杀手。目前全球有ll亿人吸烟，在发展中国家，特别是西太区吸烟人数一直呈上升趋势，烟草危害已成为世界性的公共卫生问题。国际戒烟竞赛是一个旨在通过奖励来鼓励人们戒烟的国际戒烟项目，是由多国合作并参与的一种具有低成本高效益的国际控烟活动。郑州市2004年5月首次参加了国际戒烟竞赛，郑州市报名人数达2042人，为了评价这次戒烟竞赛活动的效果，于2005年5月竞赛一年时对参赛者进行了随访调查。     

A path model of smoking cessation in women smokers of low socio-economic status

The goals of this study were to (i) determine how factors commonly implicated in smoking cessation processes influenced smoking cessation in low socio-economic status (SES) women and (ii) elucidate the pathways through which these factors may lead to quitting smoking. Secondary analysis was conducted on data from 644 women smokers aged 18-45 years who had participated in an earlier experimental evaluation of a smoking cessation program, were still smokers at the 2-month post-intervention survey and completed an interview 6 months later. Path analysis (LISREL 8) was used to test a conceptual model in which (i) factors considered as precursors to quitting (motivation, self-efficacy, confidence, action and intention to quit) directly predicted subsequent quitting and (ii) health concerns, social pressure to quit and daily stress influenced quitting indirectly through their effects on the precursor factors and (iii) mediated the effects of background characteristics (race, education, single motherhood, pregnancy and exposure to the earlier smoking cessation intervention) on quitting. Overall, results supported this conceptual model and its applicability to low-SES women smokers and indicated significant pathways among specific factors. In particular, (i) only plans to quit, confidence and social pressure to quit directly predicted quitting; (ii) both health concerns and social pressure increased motivation to quit and (iii) the negative effect of daily stress on quitting was mediated through decreased self-efficacy.     

河南省2004年中国国际戒烟竞赛参赛者一月随访

目的评价河南省2004年中国国际戒烟竞赛的效果。方法戒烟竞赛开展1个月后,对来自17个省辖市的7378名参赛者进行系统抽样,共抽取936名参赛人员,通过电话或面谈的方式进行随访。结果1个月戒烟率为53.0%;没有戒烟的人中,平均每日吸烟量由原先的18支/d降至为8支/d(P<0.05);多因素分析表明,年龄、文化程度、戒烟态度、参赛目标、使用特别戒烟方法与最终戒烟效果有关,而参赛目标对戒烟成功与否影响最大(P<0.001),其次是戒烟态度(P=0.0042)。结论戒烟竞赛的效果令人满意。通过营造全方位的戒烟氛围,戒烟竞赛使多种戒烟方法得以综合运用。     

Factors associated with smoking cessation among Chinese adults in rural China

OBJECTIVES: To examine the factors associated with smoking cessation among adult Chinese males in rural China. METHODS: The data were collected by face-to-face interviews at the respondents' household using interviewer-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: The factors associated with quitting were being residents of Guiyang, having received junior or high school education, being unmarried, being a farmer or other job holder, smoking fewer than 20 cigarettes per day, starting smoking late, smoking for shorter duration, and having a high mean score on hedonism seeking. CONCLUSIONS: Several predictors of successful quitting were identified that could help improve smoking cessation programs in China. The findings also have implications for the need for future surveys on the quitting process among rural Chinese.     

Predictors of intention to quit smoking among Jordanian university students

PURPOSE: To identify predictors that influence tobacco smoking cessation among Jordanian college students and to test the utility of the Trans-Theoretical Model for future cessation programs in this population. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey of randomly selected college students (18 to 22 years of age) who were smokers was conducted at two Jordanian universities. The surveys included the: Tobacco Use Questionnaire; Tobacco Use Self-Efficacy; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Barriers to Cessation; and the Fagerstrom Tobacco Nicotine Dependency Scale. Due to the complex nature of the contextual and individual factors related to smoking behaviour, a structural equation modeling approach was used to identify variables that may influence participation in tobacco smoking cessation programs. RESULTS: There was a 75% response rate with a total of 800 students (90% male) completing the survey. Three factors were identified as major contributors toward quitting smoking: a) a high stage of readiness, b) previous experience with barriers to smoking cessation, and c) past experience with quitting. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the value of smoking cessation programs should not be measured on recidivism rates alone. The implications are that such programs should make return to treatment easy and as guilt free as possible to improve ultimate long-term smoking abstinence.     

Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation Among U.S. Pregnant Women

Objectives: This study examines smoking and smoking cessation behaviors among U.S. pregnant women and seeks to identify the sociodemographic correlates of smoking cessation in pregnancy. Methods: The 1998 NHIS Pregnancy and Smoking supplement was analyzed, including 5288 U.S. women (weighted to represent 13,714,358 women) who gave birth to a live-born infant in the past 5 years. Four categories of smoking behavior were analyzed: nonsmoking at last pregnancy, persistent smoking throughout pregnancy, attempting unsuccessfully to quit during pregnancy, and successfully quitting during pregnancy. Logistic regression was used to isolate risk factors for each of the smoking behaviors and to examine factors associated with attempted and successful cessation. Results: The women most likely to attempt to quit smoking in pregnancy were Hispanic women (OR = 3.09) and women who have smoked for less than 10 years (OR = 2.75 for women aged 18–24.) In general, for the groups at highest risk of smoking at the start of pregnancy, the odds of being a persistent smoker were higher than the odds of being an unsuccessful quitter, which in turn were higher than the odds of quitting successfully. The factors associated with attempts to quit included Hispanic ethnicity, higher education, above-poverty income, and shorter duration of smoking, while the combined effect of age and smoking duration was the only one significantly associated with successful quitting. In every age group, longer smoking duration was associated with lower likelihood of attempting to quit as well as successful quitting. Conclusions: The factors most strongly associated with attempts to quit smoking were Hispanic ethnicity and the combined effect of age and smoking duration. Future smoking cessation and relapse prevention programs should be developed, taking into consideration the critical factors of age, ethnicity, income, geography, and addiction.     

Smoking cessation in young adults: age at initiation of cigarette smoking and other suspected influences.

OBJECTIVES. Previous research has suggested that early smoking initiation predicts longer duration of smoking, heavier daily consumption, and increased chances of nicotine dependence. This report set out to estimate the relationship between smoking cessation and age of initiation, as well as nicotine dependence, sex, race, and education. METHODS. A sample of 1007 young adults was randomly selected from a large health maintenance organization in southeast Michigan. Hazard ratios of quitting associated with age at smoking initiation were estimated among 414 persons who smoked daily for 1 month or more. RESULTS. With potential confounders controlled for, the likelihood of cessation was significantly higher in smokers who initiated smoking after age 13. The hazard ratio for quitting associated with smoking initiation at ages 14 to 16 was 1.6 and with initiation at or after age 17 was 2.0, compared with initiation at or before 13 years of age. Factors that decreased the likelihood of cessation were nicotine dependence and low education. CONCLUSIONS. Public policy to discourage early smoking, if it succeeds in delaying the initiation of smoking, might contribute to the reduction of smoking-related mortality and morbidity by increasing the potential for quitting.     

Baseline factors associated with smoking cessation and relapse. MRFIT Research Group.

BACKGROUND. Data on smoking cessation and relapse for 6 yers of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses to determine the relationship between variables measured at the beginning of the trial and smoking cessation and relapse for special intervention and usual care participants. RESULTS. The variables positively associated with smoking cessation in both the SI and the UC groups included age, education, and past success in quitting; there was a negative association with the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The expectation of quitting was positively associated with cessation in the special intervention group only, while life events, alcohol, and the presence of a wife who smokes were significant predictors of reduced cessation for the usual care group. The special intervention program may have overcome obstacles which interfered with cessation among the usual care participants. Associations with relapse were generally stronger in the usual care group than in the special intervention group. For usual care participants, multivariate analyses showed that education, past success in quitting smoking, alcohol, and life events were associated with relapse rates. For special intervention participants, only alcohol emerged as a significant predictor. Conclusion. The data are relevant in terms of factors that govern smoking cessation and relapse for adult smokers who take part in formal intervention programs and for those who are left to modify their behavior on their own.     

Association between age, gender and reasons for smoking cessation

AIMS: To contribute to improved programs for smoking cessation, the authors wanted to assess the relationships between age, gender and ex-smokers' quitting reasons and examine predictors of the most commonly reported quitting reasons. METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to 11,919 subjects in Akershus County, Norway. Among the 7,697 respondents (65%), self-reported reasons for smoking cessation in 1,715 ex-smokers were analysed. Using cross-tables and multivariate logistic regression, associations between age, gender, and reported quitting reasons were examined. RESULTS: Men were more likely to have stopped smoking to improve physical fitness, or out of consideration for other family members than the children, and less likely to have quit out of consideration for their own children, or in solidarity with a spouse that stopped smoking. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age was a predictor of all seven most common reasons to quit smoking. Gender, education, and the physical component of health status each predicted three of the seven quitting reasons. CONCLUSIONS: In the study sample, differences in smoking cessation behavior and reported quitting reasons were found according to both age and gender. Smoking cessation programs should be tailored to the relevant target groups, including stratification according to age and gender.     

Predictors of smoking cessation in U.S. adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that predict quitting among adolescent smokers. METHODS: Adolescent smokers aged 12-19 years (N = 633) from the national Teenage Attitudes and Practices Survey I (1989), were followed up in the Teenage Attitudes and Practices Survey II (1993). Multiple logistic regression was applied to identify the predictors of quitting. RESULTS: A total of 15.6% of adolescent smokers had quit smoking at the follow-up survey four years later. There was no significant difference in the quit rate by age, gender, or ethnicity. Five baseline factors were identified in a multivariate analysis as significant predictors of quitting: frequency of smoking, length of past quit attempts, self-estimation of likelihood of continuing smoking, mother's smoking status, and depressive symptoms. The more risk factors the adolescents had, the less likely they would succeed in quitting. CONCLUSIONS: Quitting smoking by adolescents is influenced by multiple biological, behavioral, and psychosocial variables. Identifying these variables can help tailor cessation programs to more effectively help adolescents quit smoking.