蒙特利尔认知评价量表(中文版)在轻度认知损害诊断及进展过程中的作用

目的研究蒙特利尔认知评价量表(MoCA)中文版在轻度认知损害(MCI)诊断筛查中的作用,评价认知功能在疾病进展过程中的临床意义。方法对年龄、性别、文化程度构成无统计学差异的两组受试者(正常对照组29例、MCI组28例)进行MoCA和简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)测试,以其总成绩及各单项成绩作为基线成绩,观察MoCA和MMSE在筛查MCI中的作用,并比较两种量表对筛查轻度认知损害的敏感性、特异性的差异。于初次筛查后12个月对两组受试者进行再次测试,并与基线成绩进行配对t检验,比较前后测试成绩间的差异及各单项成绩对预测疾病进展的作用。结果 MoCA和MMSE对鉴别正常老龄化和轻度认知损害均具有初步筛查作用,MoCA量表中的视空间执行功能(t=2.151,P=0.036)、抽象(t=2.787,P=0.009)、定向(t=3.162,P=0.003)、记忆(t=4.704,P=0.000)等单项测试成绩,两组间差异具有统计学意义;以26分为分界值,MoCA和MMSE诊断MCI的敏感度分别为89.29%和10.71%,特异度为82.76%和100%,MoCA诊断敏感性显著高于MMSE。MCI组患者在12个月后的随访测试中各项成绩均略有下降,其中MoCA总成绩(t=6.454,P=0.000)、视空间执行功能(t=5.610,P=0.000)、语言(t=4.954,P=0.000)测试成绩,复查前后差异有统计学意义。结论 MoCA对轻度认知损害的诊断敏感性高于MMSE,其中视空间执行功能、抽象、定向、记忆各单项测试成绩具有诊断价值;MoCA总评分、视空间执行功能、语言等项成绩复查后降低,对轻度认知损害向阿尔茨海默病转化具有提示作用。     

隐匿性脑梗死轻度认知功能障碍的影响因素分析

目的 分析影响隐匿性脑梗死(SCI)患者认知功能障碍的因素.方法 82例SCI患者应用简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)及中文版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)的检测,并比较两种量表对轻度认知障碍(MCI)的检出率.依据测查结果分为轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)组及认知功能正常(NCI)组,所有患者均进行一般情况评定和实验室检查、抑郁量表评估、影像学检测病灶的部位和侧别、颈动脉彩色多普勒测定颈动脉粥样硬化程度.结果 MoCA量表测查MCI的敏感性较MMSE明显增高(MoCA 41.46%,MMSE12.20%,P＜0.01).MCI组合并抑郁者较NCI组多(P＜0.01),MCI组病灶多位于额颞叶皮质及皮质下以及丘脑与NCI组相比有不同,NCI组病灶多位于基底节区、脑干及小脑.颈动脉管腔内径、内膜中层厚度(IMT)及不稳定斑块两组比较有差异(P＜0.01),颈动脉稳定斑块两组比较无差异.结论 在SCI合并MCI的检测中,MoCA量表的敏感性高于MMSE,MoCA对筛选SCI患者是否合并MCI有临床指导意义.SCI中MCI的发生与病灶部位及侧别、颈动脉管腔内径、IMT、斑块的稳定性及是否合并抑郁等多种因素有关.     

重复经颅磁刺激对轻度认知功能障碍患者认知功能和心理状态影响

目的 探讨重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)对轻度认知功能障碍(Mild Cognitive Impairment,MCI)患者认知功能和心理状态的影响.方法 选取2020年1月～2020年12月在我院门诊就诊的40例MCI患者,按照数字表法随机分为研究组20例和对照组20例,研究组接受系统的rTMS治疗,对照组接受伪刺激,共8周.在基线、治疗4周后和治疗8周后应用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)、简易精神评定量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)评定患者的情绪和认知状况.结果 治疗前,两组HAMD、MMSE、MoCA评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);治疗4周和8周后,对照组HAMD、MMSE、MoCA评分与基线评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);研究组HAMD评分低于治疗前,且8周后得分低于4周后得分,MMSE、MoCA评分均高于基线评分(P均＜ 0.05),且治疗8周后MMSE、MoCA评分均高于治疗4周后(P均＜0.05).治疗后,两组未出现明显不良反应.结论 rTMS可促进MCI患者认知功能恢复和改善抑郁情绪,且治疗8周后认知功能恢复优于治疗4周后,安全性高.     

轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病患者认知功能和MRI对照研究

目的探讨轻度认知障碍（MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）的认知功能及影像学特点。方法回顾性分析经临床确诊的21例MCI和24例AD患者的临床资料。所有实验对象均用简易智力量表（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）测定。结果MCI与AD的认知功能损害相比较：除了MMSE的记忆力组间无统计学意义（P＝0．28）,其余均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。MoCA比MMSE具有更好的敏感性。AD的MRI表现：脑萎缩,特别是海马存在不同程度的萎缩;老年性脑改变;MCI的MRI主要表现为脑白质脱髓鞘病变,少数提示轻度脑萎缩或未见明显异常。结论MCI和AD患者早期均表现为记忆力下降,对记忆力减退人群进行MMSE、MoCA量表筛查有助于AD的早期诊断。AD患者到中晚期治疗较困难,因此早期诊断及干预对延缓病程起积极作用。     

轻度认知功能障碍患者的神经心理学研究

目的 探讨轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者神经心理学的特点. 方法 对42例MCI患者和55例健康对照者进行多项神经心理学检查,包括简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)、语言流畅性测验(RVR)、韦氏智力测验(WAIS-RC)[包括数字广度测验(DS)、积木测验(BD)、相似性测验]、韦氏记忆测验(WMS-R)(包括逻辑记忆、联想学习、视觉再认、图片回忆)、日常生活能力量表(ADL),比较2组患者上述量表评分和MMSE、MoCA量表各亚项评分的差异.结果 与对照者比较,MCI患者MMSE、MoCA总分和RVR、WAIS-RC、WMS-R分测验,MoCA量表各亚项(地点定向力除外),MMSE量表中计算与注意、延迟回忆两亚项评分较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 MCI患者不仅记忆受损,其计算与注意力、命名、视空间结构能力、执行功能也可受损,尤以延迟回忆、计算与注意力受损明显.MoCA涵盖了重要的认知领域,能较全面评估MCI患者的认知功能,值的临床推广应用.     

蒙特利尔认知评估量表在血管性认知功能障碍中的应用

目的 探讨蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)量表(中文版)在血管性认知功能障碍(VCI)中的应用.方法 选择166例具有脑血管病危险因素或脑血管疾病患者,根据VCI诊断标准分为无认知功能障碍(NCI)组(52例)、无痴呆的血管性认知功能障碍(VCIND)组(76例)及血管性痴呆(VD)组(38例),分别给予MoCA量表和简易精神状态检查(MMSE)量表测试.结果 将认知功能障碍MoCA分界值定为26分时,VCIND组MoCA的敏感性为90.79%,MMSE为26.31%;VD组MoCA的敏感性为100%,MMSE为86.84%;MoCA和MMSE特异性分别为84.62%和100%.结论 与MMSE量表相比,MoCA量表更适用于VCI的筛查.     

蒙特利尔认知评估量表识别首次卒中后轻度血管性认知障碍的作用

目的 探讨蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)识别首次卒中后轻度血管性认知障碍(mVCI-FS)的作用,并与简易智能精神状态量表(MMSE)比较. 方法 选取mVCI-FS患者60例.首次卒中后非血管性认知障碍(nVCI-FS)25例,于发病后(12+1)周由不知情的神经科医师进行MoCA及MMSE评估. 结果 MoCA总平均分为(19.78±4.573)分,MMSE为(25.48±3.148)分,偏相关分析间.r=9,P=0.000.MoCA除计算力和言语流畅性外,其余各项在mVCI-FS和nVCI-FS间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);MMSE的即刻记忆、计算力、命名和阅读理解在2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).应用ROC曲线和Youden指数最大值初步确定MoCA识别mVCI-FS与nVCI-FS的最佳分界值为21分.以21分为分界值.MoCA筛查mVCI-FS的敏感度和特异度分别为84.6%和76.0%,明显优于MMSE(敏感度59.6%和特异度57.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 初步确定MoCA识别mVCI-FS与nVCI-FS的最佳分界值为21分.MoCA筛查mVCI-FS的敏感度和特异度均高,是一种有效的mVCI.FS筛查量表;MMSE对mVCI.FS的敏感度低,识别mVCI-FS的作用有限.     

MMSE和MoCA对脑肿瘤患者认知功能评估的应用比较

目的研究比较简易精神状态量表（MMSE）与中文版蒙特利尔认知评价量表（MoCA）在脑肿瘤患者认知障碍中的诊断筛查作用。方法对年龄、性别及教育水平构成无统计学差异的两组受试者在同一天内进行MoCA和MMSE评测,并逐一比较两组受试者各亚项得分以确定脑肿瘤患者的认知功能,比较两个量表对筛查脑肿瘤患者认知功能的差异。结果308例脑肿瘤患者中,综合评估有认知障碍的139例,发生率45．1％;MoCA和MMSE对脑肿瘤患者认知功能障碍都具有初步的筛查作用。MoCA的敏感性为82．0％,特异性为92．7％。MMSE的敏感性为19．4％,特异性为100％。结论MoCA敏感性高于MMSE,而特异性与MMSE相近,亚项设置较为复杂合理,能全面评价脑肿瘤患者的认知功能,更适合于具有广泛认知功能障碍的脑肿瘤患者。     

晚发型抑郁障碍与轻度认知功能损害患者的认知功能差异研究

目的 探讨晚发型抑郁障碍患者与轻度认知功能损害患者的认知功能损害的差异.方法 研究对象为2012年7月～2013年8月上海市精神卫生中心老年科住院与门诊就诊符合DSM—Ⅳ诊断标准且起病年龄≥60岁的抑郁障碍患者,共26例为晚发型抑郁障碍组（LOD组）,另选择26例轻度认知功能损害的患者（MCI组）与26例正常老年人（NC组）.认知功能评估采用简明精神状态量表（MMSE）、蒙特利尔量表（MoCA）.结果 MMSE总分、MMSE分测验中计算力与注意力及MoCA总分、MoCA分测验中连线、注意、持续注意、计算、复述、延迟回忆在LOD组与MCI组差比较异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,两组与NC组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.三组在MMSE分测验的时间定向、延迟回忆、三步指令、书写书面指令及MoCA分测验的复制图、画钟、命名比较,MCI组均值最低,与NC组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,与LOD组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 LOD组认知功能在注意力、延迟回忆、连线测验方面与MCI组损害程度相当.MCI组认知功能受损范围较LOD组广泛.     

盐酸多奈哌齐对MCI患者MoCA评分和认知功能的影响

目的 探讨盐酸多奈哌齐对轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分和认知功能的影响. 方法 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院神经内科自2010年9月至2011年3月共收治MCI患者50例,其中给予盐酸多奈哌齐治疗30例(盐酸多奈哌齐组),银杏叶片治疗20例(对照组),分析并比较2组患者治疗前、治疗12周、24周后MoCA评分的变化. 结果 盐酸多奈哌齐组患者治疗12、24周时MoCA评分高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗12周、24周时盐酸多奈哌齐组MoCA评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗12周时盐酸多奈哌齐组患者在数字广度、词语流畅性和延迟记忆方面的分项得分高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 MoCA量表能够对MCI患者进行早期诊断,盐酸多奈哌齐对MCI患者进行早期治疗能延缓其进入AD的病程.     

Brief screening for mild cognitive impairment in elderly outpatient clinic: validation of the Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a brief cognitive screening tool with high sensitivity for screening patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The authors examined the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the MoCA (MoCA-K) in elderly outpatients. The MoCA-K, a Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, and neuropsychological batteries were administered to 196 elderly persons (mild Alzheimer's disease [AD] = 44, MCI = 37, normal controls [NC] = 115). MoCA-K scores were highly correlated with those of MMSE and CDR. Using a cutoff score of 22/23, the MoCA-K had an excellent sensitivity of 89% and a good specificity of 84% for screening MCI. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good. The results obtained show that the MoCA-K is brief, reliable, and suitable for use as a screening tool to screen MCI patients in elderly outpatient clinic settings.     

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: A screening tool for mild cognitive impairment in REM sleep behavior disorder

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a frequent feature in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a sleep disturbance that can be a preclinical stage of Parkinson's disease or Lewy body dementia. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of two brief screening tools, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), in detecting MCI in idiopathic RBD. Thirty‐eight idiopathic RBD patients underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, including the MoCA and the MMSE. Receiver operating characteristic curves were created for the MoCA and the MMSE to assess their ability to identify MCI in idiopathic RBD patients, with neuropsychological assessment as the gold standard. For the MoCA, a normality cutoff of 26 yielded the best balance between sensitivity (76%) and specificity (85%) with a correct classification of 79%. For the MMSE, the optimal normality cutoff was 30, with a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 54% and a correct classification of 74%. The MoCA is superior to the MMSE in detecting MCI in idiopathic RBD patients, showing good sensitivity and very good specificity. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society     

Clinical application of the Polish adaptation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in screening for cognitive impairment

Background and purposeThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test is a brief cognitive screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MoCA and compare it with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in the early detection of cognitive decline in MCI.Material and methodsA group of 115 subjects (36 meeting DSM-IV criteria for Alzheimer disease (AD) [Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) = 1], 42 meeting Petersen's criteria for MCI [CDR = 0.5], and 37 cognitively intact controls [CDR = 0]) was recruited for the study in the university-based Alzheimer out-patient clinic. All participants underwent general medical, neurological, and psychiatric examinations. The MoCA, the MMSE, CDR and the short (15-item) version of the Geriatric Depression Scale were also applied.ResultsBoth MCI and AD groups exhibited impaired performance on MoCA compared to controls. Polish versions of the MMSE and MoCA tests were comparable in discriminating mild dementia from both MCI and control groups. The Polish version of the MoCA test performed marginally better than MMSE in discriminating MCI from controls. We propose to use the MoCA test to screen for MCI using an optimal cut-off score of 24 and to screen for dementia using a cut-off score of 19.ConclusionsThe Polish version of the MoCA seems effective in the detection of deteriorated cognitive performance and appropriate for differentiating impaired from preserved cognitive function in a Polish population.     

蒙特利尔认知评估量表在缺血性脑卒中人群中的应用价值探讨

目的：探讨蒙特利尔认知功能评估（MoCA）量表筛查缺血性脑卒中后非痴呆型血管性认知功能障碍（VCIND）的应用价值,并与简易精神状态检查（MMSE）量表比较。方法：选取非认知功能障碍（NCI）组76例,VCIND组66例。由2名神经科医生进行MoCA及MMSE量表评估。结果：MoCA总平均分为（22.61±4.722）分,MMSE为（27.35±2.615）分,总分相关分析r=0.765,P=0.000。排除受教育程度影响因素后,受教育年限≤9年者：MoCA除命名分项外,其余各分项在两组间均差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。受教育年限〉9年者：MoCA除命名、计算力和定向力分项外,其余各分项在两组间均差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。应用ROC曲线及约登指数最大值初步确定MoCA用于识别VCIND与NCI组最佳分界值为24/25分,其筛查VCIND的灵敏度和特异度分别为64.29%和79.31%,优于MMSE（灵敏度61.67%,特异度64.63%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：MoCA筛查VCIND灵敏度和特异度较高,是一种有效的筛查VCIND量表,但应用于中国人群尚存在不足。     

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: validity and utility in a memory clinic setting.

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively validate the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a UK memory clinic. METHOD: We administered the MoCA and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to 32 subjects fulfilling diagnostic criteria for dementia, to 23 subjects fulfilling diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to 12 memory clinic comparison subjects, at baseline and then at 6-month follow-up. Clinical diagnoses for dementia and MCI were made according to ICD-10 and Petersen criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of both measures were assessed for detection of MCI and dementia. RESULTS: With a cut-off score of 26, the MMSE had a sensitivity of 17% to detect subjects with MCI, whereas the MoCA detected 83%. The MMSE had a sensitivity of 25% to detect subjects with dementia, whereas the MoCA detected 94%. Specificity for the MMSE was 100%, and specificity for the MoCA was 50%. Of subjects with MCI, 35% developed dementia within 6 months, and all scored less than 26 points on the MoCA at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: The MoCA is a useful brief screening tool for the detection of mild dementia or MCI in subjects scoring over 25 points on the MMSE. In patients already diagnosed with MCI, the MoCA helps identify those at risk of developing dementia at 6-month follow-up.