不同糖耐量人群负荷后1h血糖与炎症因子TNF-α和Hs-CRP的关系

目的:探讨不同糖耐量人群负荷后1 h血糖与炎症因子的关系.方法:受试者分为4组:2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)组.糖耐量减低(Impaired glucose tolerance,IGT)组,正常糖耐量(Normal slucose tolerance,NGT)组;在NGT人群...     

不同糖耐量中年人群血清Vaspin水平及胰岛素抵抗的比较

目的比较不同糖耐量中年人群血清丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Vaspin)水平及胰岛素抵抗情况。方法将137例研究对象根据葡萄糖耐量血糖水平分为正常糖耐量(normal glucose tolerance,NGT)、糖耐量减低(impaired glucose tolerance,IGT)和2型糖尿病(type 2diabetes mellitus,T2DM)3组,检测比较其生化指标、Vaspin及糖负荷前后胰岛素水平。结果 T2DM组体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotehn,LDL)、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素抵抗指数(insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)、Vaspin水平均明显高于NGT组(P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotehn,HDL)明显低于NGT组(P<0.05);IGT组TG、TC、LDL、糖化血红蛋白、HOMA-IR明显高于NGT组(P<0.05),HDL明显低于NGT组(P<0.05)。T2DM组糖化血红蛋白、HOMA-IR、Vaspin水平均高于IGT组(P<0.05)。空腹到餐后3h3组胰岛素水平均呈先升高再降低的趋势,NGT组在餐后0.5h时达峰值、餐后1h略降低,IGT组和T2DM组均在餐后2h时达峰值,IGT组波动幅度大于T2DM组,3组组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同糖耐量中年人群血清Vaspin水平及胰岛素抵抗存在差异,T2DM血清Vaspin水平升高,胰岛素敏感性下降。     

Insulin Resistance and Hypertension

The insulin sensitivity in hypertensive patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT),impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the insulin resistance (IR) under the disorder or grucose metabolism and hypertension were studied.by glucose tolerance test and insulin release test,insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and the ratio of area under glucose tolerance curve (AUCG) to area under insulin release curve (AUC1) were calculated and analyzed.The results showed that ISI was decreased to varying degrees in the patients with hypertension,the mildest in the group of NGT with hypertension,followed by the group of IGT without hypertension,the group of IGT with hypertension and DM(P=0).There was very significant difference in the ratio of AUCG/AUC1 between the hypertensive patients with NGT and controls (P=0).It was concluded that a significant IR existed during the development of IGT both in hypertension and nonhypertension.The increase of total insulin secretion (AUC1) was associated with nonhypertension simultaneously.IR of the hypertensive patients even existed in NGT and was worsened with the deterioration of glucose metabolism disorder,but the AUC1 in the HT group changed slightly.A relative deficiency of insulin secretion of dysfunction of β-cell of islet existed in IGT and DM of the hypertensive patients.     

糖耐量减低的中医研究进展

糖耐量减低(impaired glucose tolerance,IGT)是糖调节受损(impaired glucose regulation,IGR)的两种状态之一,是糖尿病发病过程中的中间阶段.     

不同血糖水平患者血Hcy与颈动脉硬化关系探讨

目的 探讨不同血糖水平患者血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平与颈动脉硬化关系.方法 通过对29例糖耐量正常者(normal glucose tolerance,NGT)、43例糖耐量异常(impaired glucose tolerance,IGT)者和37例糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者的血浆Hcy、血脂、颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)、糖化血红蛋白(glycolated hemoglobin,HbA1c)和餐后2h血糖(2h postprandial plasma glucose,2hPG)进行检测,比较不同血糖水平患者血浆Hcy水平与颈动脉硬化的关系.结果 NGT组、IGT组和DM组患者间的血浆Hcy、颈动脉IMT、三酰甘油、2hPG比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).血浆Hcy水平与HbA1c、2hPG、颈总动脉IMT具有相关性(r=0.467、0.509、0.637,P均<0 05).结论 血浆Hcy水平升高是糖尿病患者合并颈动脉硬化的独立危险因素.     

肿瘤坏死因子α与糖耐量减低者胰岛素敏感性的关系

目的研究糖耐量减低者血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)与胰岛素敏感性的关系.方法采用减少样本数的频繁采血静脉葡萄糖耐量试验,通过Bergman最小模型法分别检测10例正常对照组(NGT)、8例单纯肥胖组(FAT)、10例糖耐量减低组(IGT)的胰岛素敏感指数(SI),并测定3组的血清TNF-α水平(放免法)及其它临床指标.结果 IGT组SI较NGT组降低(P<0.01),IGT组与FAT组比较SI无统计学意义.而IGT组血清TNF-α较FAT组、NGT组升高(分别为P<0.05, P<0.01).FAT组与NGT组比较血清TNF-α差异无统计学意义.血清TNF-α与SI呈负相关(r=-0.061, P=0.001).结论糖耐量正常的单纯肥胖者和IGT者中均存在胰岛素抵抗;血清TNF-α与SI负相关;TNF-α、腰臀比是影响SI的独立危险预测因子.     

糖耐量正常人群OGTT 1h血糖与胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能的关系

目的评价糖耐量正常(normal glucose tolerance,NGT)人群口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT)1 h血糖与胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能的关系。方法收集101例NGT和76例糖耐量异常(impaired glucose tolerance,IGT)病人的临床资料;测定OGTT各时间点的血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度;比较NGT 1 h血糖(1 hour postload plasma glucose,1-h PG)<8.6 mmol/L组、NGT 1-h PG≥8.6 mmol/L组和IGT组的胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能,分析OGTT 1-h PG与胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能的关系。结果 NGT 1-h PG≥8.6 mmol/L组的空腹血糖、1-h PG、1-h胰岛素及胰岛素敏感指数(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)均显著高于NGT 1-h PG<8.6 mmol/L组;NGT 1-h PG≥8.6 mmol/L组的Matsuda指数、胰岛素分泌指数(ΔI3 0/ΔG3 0和ΔI6 0/ΔG6 0)均显著低于NGT 1-h PG<8.6 mmol/L组(P均<0.05)。但NGT 1-h PG≥8.6mmol/L组的空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、1-h PG、1-h胰岛素、HOMA-IR、Matsuda指数、ΔI3 0/ΔG3 0和ΔI6 0/ΔG6 0与IGT组比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示1-h PG与ΔI30/ΔG30、Matsuda指数呈线性负相关。结论在NGT人群中,OGTT 1-h PG≥8.6 mmol/L人群胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能低于1-h PG<8.6 mmol/L组,1-h PG与胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能相关。提示在NGT人群中,1-h PG浓度可作为评价胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能的简易指标。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者糖耐量低减的相关因素分析

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)伴糖耐量低减(IGT)患者的临床特征及代谢差异,并预测其发生的危险因素。方法收集2015年7月—2018年9月就诊于黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院妇科门诊确诊为PCOS的患者639例,根据IGT诊断标准分为2组:IGT组199例,正常糖耐量(NGT)组440例,分析并比较2组的临床特征及代谢差异。结果 (1)IGT组的体质量、BMI、腰围、臀围、WHR及SBP值显著高于NGT组(t/P=3.463/0.001、4.179/0.000、4.224/0.000、2.086/0.038、4.645/0.000、2.096/0.037);(2)IGT组的睾酮及AND值显著高于NGT组(t/P=2.800/0.005、2.307/0.022),而孕酮值显著低于NGT组(t/P=-2.220/0.027);(3)IGT组FPG及服糖后30 min、60 min、120 min、180 min血糖值均显著高于NGT组(t/P=53.258/0.000、10.226/0.000、18.784/0.000、34.678/0.000、11.265/0.000);(4)IGT组的FINS及服糖后60 min、120 min、180 min胰岛素、HOMA-IR值均显著高于NGT组(t/P=4.698/0.000、4.667/0.000、13.102/0.000、7.196/0.000);(5)IGT组的TG、LDL-C、ApoB、ApoB/ApoA及LpA值均显著高于NGT组(t/P=5.346/0.000、4.174/0.000、6.992/0.000、5.596/0.000、-2.684/0.007);(6)IGT组的TSH及APOAb值显著高于NGT组(t/P=2.482/0.013、-2.111/0.035)。(7)经多因素Logistic分析,TG、ApoB、LpA及APOAb为危险因素。结论多囊卵巢综合征伴糖耐量低减患者的一般临床特征,性激素、糖脂代谢及甲状腺功能均有异常,且TG、ApoB、LpA及APOAb是其危险因素。     

不稳定型心绞痛合并糖耐量减低患者血浆P-选择素特点的临床研究

目的：通过测定P-选择素、假性血友病因子（von Willebrand factor，vWF）的含量，探讨不稳定型心绞痛合并糖耐量减低（impaired glucose tolerance，IGT）患者血小板活化状态。方法：把不稳定型心绞痛患者分为糖耐量正常组和减低组，测P-选择素，VWF含量及血脂。结果：UAP合并IGT组患者较UAP不合并IGT组P-选择素，vWF增高（P〈0.01及P〈0．05）。结论：UAP合并IGT患者存在血小板活化状态。     

艾塞那肽对糖耐量减低大鼠骨骼肌葡萄糖转运蛋白4表达的作用

目的探讨胰高血糖素样肽．1（glucagon—like peptide-1,GLP-1）受体激动剂艾塞那肽对糖耐量减低（impaired glucose tolerance, IGT）大鼠骨骼肌葡萄糖转运蛋白4（glucose transporter 4, GLUT4）表达的作用。方法54只Wistar大鼠,按照完全随机化分组方法分为正常糖耐量组（NGT组,18只）和IGT组（36只）,NGT组予常规饲料,IGT组予高糖高脂饲料。12周时IGT造模成功,成模后从IGT组随机抽取18只大鼠设为艾塞那肽干预组（Ex组）,每日2次皮下注射艾塞那肽（5μg／kg）;另外18只设为IGT对照组。NGT组及IGT对照组均给予等体积生理盐水皮下注射。于干预前和干预后4周分别测空腹血糖（fasting blood glucose,FBG）和餐后2h血糖（2hBG）;实时荧光定量PCR检测骨骼肌GLUT4mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学法检测骨骼肌GLUT4蛋白的表达。各组间两两比较采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）,LSD—t检验。结果干预前,与NGT组比较,IGT对照组及Ex组2hBG增高,骨骼肌GLUT4mRNA表达降低,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。IGT对照组及Ex组骨骼肌细胞内棕黄色着色较少,NGT组着色广泛,着色颗粒较多。艾塞那肽干预4周后,与同期IGT对照组及干预前Ex组比较,Ex组2hBG下降,骨骼肌GLUT4mRNA表达增高,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。干预后Ex组较同期IGT对照组及干预前Ex组骨骼肌细胞内棕黄色着色增多,主要表达在细胞浆中。结论艾塞那肽可上调骨骼肌GLUT4的表达。促进骨骼肌葡萄糖的摄取,降低餐后血糖。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.