天然中药抗肿瘤机制的研究进展

综述了菊花、白花蛇舌草、三七3种中药的抗肿瘤成分和其作用机制。菊花主要通过细胞毒作用、阻滞细胞周期、抑制肿瘤细胞生长及诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡;白花蛇舌草诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、提高免疫功能和使肿瘤细胞基因表达下调;三七可以促癌细胞凋亡,诱导癌细胞分化,逆转肿瘤细胞多药耐药。     

桔梗的化学成分和抗肿瘤活性研究进展

桔梗作为一种药食两用的植物,具有显著的镇咳祛痰、抗肿瘤、抗氧化及降血糖等作用.迄今为止,从桔梗中共分离得到55种皂苷类化合物,三萜皂苷是其主要的活性成分.本文对近年来桔梗的化学成分研究进展进行了总结,并从诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、增强机体免疫功能、抑制端粒酶活性、抑制肿瘤细胞浸润与转移以及阻滞细胞周期等方面,对国内外桔梗抗肿瘤...     

新疆阿魏菇提取物对4种肿瘤细胞p53表达的影响

目的：研究新疆阿魏菇提取物影响体外培养的肿瘤细胞p53表达，从细胞凋亡角度探讨其抗肿瘤机制。方法：采用肿瘤细胞体外培养技术及流式细胞技术．观察不同剂量的阿魏菇水提物及醇提物对体外培养的4种类型肿瘤细胞p53表达的影响。结果：受试物对4种类型肿瘤细胞均具有较强的杀伤作用．尤其以0．1g／ml剂量组为明显；经受试物处理后，4种类型肿瘤细胞均观察到细胞核固缩，DNA浓缩并向核膜靠拢形成浓染致密颗粒．并有典型凋亡小体出现。提示．受试物可能通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡而发挥抗肿瘤作用；流式细胞仪检测结果显示，受试物处理后，4种类型肿瘤细胞p53表达水平均有不同程度的上调，尤其以醇提物作用24h后影响Q3细胞p53表达水平最为明显。结论：阿魏菇提取物中的各组分可协同作用诱导肿瘤细胞促凋亡基因的表达，从而达到抗肿瘤之目的。     

具抗肿瘤作用的分枝侧耳提取物

WU2006038527-A1 以分枝侧耳（拟）Pleurotus cornucopiae var.citrinopileatus（又名branched oyster mushroom）的热水提取物为活性成分的抗肿瘤免疫促进剂具有以下作用：1．抑制肿瘤细胞生长；2．提高具有免疫促进作用的细胞素的产生；3．抑制具有免疫抑制作用的T细胞的增殖；4．激活人体对抗肿瘤的免疫性。     

小檗碱抗肿瘤作用机制的研究进展

小檗碱具有多种药理作用,其临床应用广泛。目前其抗肿瘤作用成为研究热点,可通过多种途径抑制肿瘤的发生及发展。该文就近年来国内外关于小檗碱抗肿瘤作用的相关研究进行综述,概括小檗碱对肿瘤的发生、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、促进凋亡、诱导分化、抑制肿瘤细胞转移、协同化疗药物作用及增强放疗敏感性等方面的作用机制,为进一步研究小檗碱抗肿瘤作用及开发小檗碱新的药理作用提供依据。     

桦树茸抗肿瘤机理研究进展

桦树茸对移植肿瘤发生、肿瘤转移、肿瘤细胞形态均有一定影响.但是由于目前对桦树茸的研究相对较少,对于桦树茸抗肿瘤的机制尚未明确.笔者将从桦树茸可以通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、增强人体免疫、改善血液循环和抑制肿瘤细胞迁移四方面达到抑制肿瘤细胞生长从而发挥抗肿瘤作用进行综述,为后续研究桦树茸抗肿瘤确切机理提供参考.     

正态水抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的：探讨正态水对多种肿瘤细胞系的生长抑制作用及机制。方法以正态水为溶剂配制的培养液培养乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、肝癌、胃癌、黑色素瘤等细胞系的肿瘤细胞,观察正态水对肿瘤细胞生存率的影响;同时,观察正态水对阿霉素敏抗肿瘤作用的影响;应用流式细胞术检测肿瘤细胞的凋亡率。结果采用正态水配制的培养液培养多种肿瘤细胞24 h后,细胞增殖率均有所下降;用正态水配制的培养液培养乳腺癌MCF-7细胞传代22代后,生长速度下降;正态水增加了低浓度阿霉素对肿瘤细胞杀伤的敏感性。应用流式细胞术检测显示肿瘤细胞生长抑制系由肿瘤细胞凋亡所致。结论正态水对肿瘤细胞增殖有抑制作用,且可增加阿霉素抗肿瘤敏感性。其抗肿瘤作用机制可能与诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡有关。     

MTT法指导分离壁虎抗肿瘤活性成分的实验研究

目的 采用四氮唑盐（MTT）法指导壁虎抗肿瘤活性成分的分离,寻找壁虎抗肿瘤活性单体化合物,并初步观察其抗肿瘤作用.方法 常规培养人肝癌Bel-7402细胞、人肺癌Bel-95C细胞,在倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态及数量,采用MTT法检测多批次壁虎活性成分提取物对体外培养的肿瘤细胞株的生长抑制作用,计算肿瘤抑制率.结果 经过11批次重复药筛实验,逐步分梯次指导分离纯化,得到壁虎抗肿瘤活性单体化合物＂守宫咪唑衍生物＂.该化合物可明显抑制人肝癌Bel-7402细胞的生长,用药后前3d的抑瘤率分别为71.24%,91.37%,94.45%,在显微镜下发现肿瘤细胞变圆、体积变小.结论 用MTT法结合倒置显微镜观察细胞状态,指导中药壁虎抗肿瘤活性成分的提取分离,得到抗肿瘤作用明显的壁虎单体化合物.     

苦参碱和氧化苦参碱抗肿瘤作用研究进展

苦参碱和氧化苦参碱具有多方面药理活性。目前国内外关于苦参碱和氧化苦参碱抗肿瘤作用的研究表明,二者通过抑制肿瘤细胞DNA的合成、影响肿瘤细胞的正常周期来抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖;通过影响与肿瘤细胞相关基因的表达、抑制相关酶的活性等诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡。因此,苦参碱和氧化苦参碱抗肿瘤作用的研究受到了极大的关注。就近年来对苦参碱和氧化苦参碱抗肿瘤作用的研究进行简要概述,综述其对各种癌细胞的抗肿瘤作用机制。     

核桃楸皮提取物的体外抗肿瘤作用实验研究

目的：观察核桃揪皮提取物的对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用。方法：采用MTr法测定核桃揪皮提取物对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901和人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的生长抑制情况。结果：与阴性对照组比较,核桃楸皮提取物可明显抑制人胃癌SGC-7901和人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞增殖。结论：核桃揪皮提取物具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,并且随浓度的增加和时问的延长而增强。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.