顺铂加5-氟尿嘧啶方案化疗同步放疗治疗中晚期鼻咽癌的临床疗效分析

鼻咽癌确诊时75%的患者已属中晚期（Ⅲ～Ⅳa）,单纯放疗效果较差.为寻求提高中晚期鼻咽癌疗效的方法,我科选用顺铂（DDP）＋5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）（DF方案）化疗同步放疗治疗中晚期鼻咽癌,并评价其临床疗效,现报告如下.     

47例大肠癌的肿瘤药敏结果分析及临床意义

目的：通过测定47例大肠癌患者对5-氟脲嘧啶（5-Fu）、奥沙利铂（L—OHP）、卡铂（CBP）、顺铂（DDP）、丝裂霉素（MMC）5种化疗药物的体外敏感性试验,探讨肿瘤药敏试验对大肠癌患者个体化化疗的应用价值。方法：采用组织块培养-终点染色-计算机图像分析法（TECIA）。结果：对肿瘤组织的平均抑制率由高到低依次为5-Fu〉L—OHP〉MMC〉CBP〉DDP,联合用药的抑制率为L-OHP＋5-Fu〉MMC＋DDP＋5-Fu〉MMC＋5-Fu〉DDP＋5-Fu。结论：大肠癌是对化疗药物敏感性较差的肿瘤,且存在着明显的异质性。体外肿瘤药敏试验在指导大肠癌的临床用药及个体化化疗方面具有重要的指导意义。     

参芪扶正注射液联合化疗治疗晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的：比较参芪扶正注射液联合化疗与单纯化疗治疗晚期食管癌的疗效及不良反应。方法：将83例晚期食管癌患者随机分为两组,治疗组42例,用参芪扶正注射液250 ml/d静脉滴注14 d,配合DDP＋CF/5-Fu方案化疗,对照组41例,单纯用DDP＋CF/5-Fu方案化疗。DDP＋CF/5-Fu化疗方案为顺铂（DDP）25 mg/m2,d1～3,醛氢叶酸（CF）200 mg/m2,d1,5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）500 mg d1,2750 mg/m2持续静滴d1～2,每3周重复1次,共2个化疗周期,治疗后评价疗效、中医症候、毒副反应及生活质量改善情况。结果：两组近期疗效无明显差异,但治疗组毒副反应减轻,生活质量提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,中医症候改善明显,差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：参芪扶正注射液可减轻晚期食管癌患者DDP＋CF/5-Fu方案化疗所致毒副作用,改善生活质量。     

紫杉醇+顺铂诱导化疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效

目的探讨紫杉醇+顺铂及5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)+顺铂方案诱导化疗晚期鼻咽癌的临床疗效及不良反应。方法Ⅲ~Ⅳa期鼻咽癌患者291例随机分为紫杉醇+顺铂+放疗(紫杉醇组)、5-Fu+顺铂+放疗(5-Fu组)以及单纯放疗三组。诱导化疗药用量:紫杉醇100~120 mg.m-2.d-1,顺铂80 mg.m-2.3 d-1,5-Fu 0.5~0.75g.m-2.d-1×3 d;第15天重复以上剂量的化疗周期,第18天即开始放疗。放疗采取Co60或(和)X线6 MV常规照射,鼻咽部总剂量约DT 70 Gy/35次/7周。结果紫杉醇组与5-Fu组鼻咽及颈部肿瘤消失的平均剂量均小于单纯放疗组(P<0.01);3组临床肿瘤全消率分别为87.3%,76.9%和58%(P<0.01)。不良反应主要为粒细胞下降、脱发、口腔黏膜反应及胃肠道反应,均能耐受。结论紫杉醇+顺铂及5-Fu+顺铂短程诱导方案对晚期鼻咽癌均能加快肿块消失及提高肿瘤消失率。紫杉醇方案主要副作用为粒细胞下降及脱发;5-Fu方案主要副作用为口腔黏膜反应及胃肠道反应。     

诱导化疗配合放疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌近期效果分析

目的 观察诱导化疗配合放疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效及急性不良反应。方法 将68例晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为放、化疗组(观察组)和单纯放疗组(对照组),两组放疗方法相同,观察组于放疗前给予HCPT、DDP、5-Fu化疗。比较两组近期疗效及急性不良反应。结果 放疗结束后3个月,观察组鼻咽部肿瘤完全退缩率及颈淋巴结完全退缩率高于对照组,但差异无显著性。急性不良反应中,观察组的恶心、呕吐及白细胞下降均较对照组明显增多(P<0.05);皮肤、粘膜反应增加不明显。结论 HCPT、DDP、5-Fu诱导化疗不能提高晚期鼻咽癌的近期局部控制率,急性不良反应较单纯放疗明显。     

鼻咽癌常规放疗联合后程伽玛刀治疗疗效观察

目的观察鼻咽癌常规放疗联合后程伽玛刀治疗的疗效及毒副反应。方法 40例初治鼻咽癌患者,分为常规放疗联合后程伽玛刀治疗组（治疗组）及常规放疗组（对照组）,所有患者均接受顺铂（DDP）联合5氟脲嘧啶（5-Fu）方案同期或诱导化疗4个周期。结果随访2年,两组病例肿瘤局控率有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,不良反应发生率有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,2年生存率无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论常规放疗联合后程伽玛刀治疗可增加肿瘤局控率,降低单纯常规放疗的并发症,提高患者的生存质量。     

放射治疗加化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的临床研究

目的 :观察放化综合治疗晚期鼻咽癌的疗效。方法 :15 0例Ⅲ～Ⅳa期晚期鼻咽癌随机均衡设计分为 3组。对照组 5 0例 :单纯常规分割放射治疗 ;序贯组 5 0例 :先常规分割放射治疗后化疗 4疗程 ;交替组 5 0例 :先化疗 1疗程后 ,常规分割放射治疗 ,再化疗 3疗程。化疗方案用顺铂 (DDP) 5 -氟脲嘧啶 (5 -Fu) 亚叶酸钙 (CF) (CDF方案 ) ,DDP4 0mg/d ,1～ 3d :5 -Fu 0 .75 /d ,1～ 5d ;CF 0 .2 /d ,1～ 5d ;每 3～ 4周 1疗程。照射用6MV -X线 ,每次肿瘤量 2Gy ,7～ 8周 ,原发灶DT70～ 80Gy ,颈部预防照射DT5 0～ 5 6Gy ,颈部转移灶DT6 5～70Gy。结果 :交替组完全缓解率高于序贯组与对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,有统计学意义。 3年存活率交替组高于对照组与序贯组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,有显著性差异。结论 :CDF方案化疗与放疗交替可促进局部肿块的消退 ,提高远期疗效 ,CDF方案可作为晚期鼻咽癌的首选化疗方案。     

草酸铂联合氟尿嘧啶及亚叶酸钙治疗26例晚期胃癌临床观察

目的研究草酸铂（OXA）、氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）及亚叶酸钙（CF）联合化疗对晚期胃癌的临床疗效及其毒副作用。方法对26例晚期胃癌患者采用OXA130mg／m^2静脉滴注2hdl，CF200mg／m^2静脉滴注2hdl-5．5-FU300mg／m2静脉滴注4hdl-5、3周为1周期，对照组25例治疗方案采用顺铂（DDP），和氟尿嘧啶，3周为1周期，均连用3周期后评定疗效，按WHO标准进行疗效评定。结果试验组共治疗26例，PR13例，SD8例，PD5例，有效率为50％，对照组有效为28％，不良反应主要为感觉神经毒性，胃肠道反应，血液毒性轻微。结论OXA＋5＋FU＋CF是治疗晚期胃癌安全有效的方案。     

L—OHP联合5-Fu和CF治疗结直肠癌的临床观察

目的观察奥沙利铂（L—OHP）联合亚叶酸钙（CF）及氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）方案治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法36例晚期结直肠癌患者应用5-Fu500mg/m^2,持续静脉滴注1～5d;CF200mg／m^2,1—5d,L—OHP130mg/m^2静脉滴入持续4h,1d;每3周重复1次。用药4个周期评价疗效。结果36例均可评价疗效。CR3例,PR15例,SD10例,总有效率为（CR＋PR）50％,临床受益率（CR＋PR＋SD）为77．78％;毒副反应主要是末梢神经毒性、恶心、呕吐及骨髓抑制等,多数反应较轻,无严重毒副反应发生。结论L—OHP联合CF及5-Fu治疗晚期结直肠癌疗效确切,毒副反应轻,明显改善生活质量。     

多西紫杉醇／氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂同步放疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌临床研究

目的：研究多西紫杉醇／氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂同步放疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效及安全性。方法60例局部晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为观察组（TP 组）和对照组（PF 组）,每组30例 。 观察组采用多西紫杉醇（TXT ）75mg／m 2静滴 d1;DDP 25mg／m 2 d1～3静滴;对照组5－ Fu 500mg／m 2,静滴,d1～5;DDP 25mg／m 2 d1－3静滴;21d 为1周期;共2个周期。放疗均采用3D － CRT ,靶区剂量67～70Gy／7周。根据RECIST1．1版的标准评价肿瘤近期治疗效果并计算有效率（RR）。按照美国国立癌症研究所通用毒性标准 NCI － CTC 3．0评价不良反应。结果60例中57例患者均可评价疗效。有效率（RR）：TP 组93．10％, PF 组96．42％,二组 RR 差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。二组主要毒副反应包括骨髓抑制、肝功能损害、胃肠道反应和口腔黏膜炎。胃肠道反应和口腔黏膜炎的发生率 PF 组明显高于 TP 组（P ＜0．05）。结论多西紫杉醇联合顺铂同步放疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效肯定,毒副反应较轻,患者大多可耐受,可作为治疗晚期鼻咽癌的选择。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.