脑缺血再灌注胃肠损伤老龄大鼠血浆神经肽的变化及其意义

目的 :从内皮素 (ET)和降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)及神经降压素 (NT)的变化方面探讨老龄大鼠脑缺血再灌注胃肠损伤的机制。方法 :青年 (5月龄 )和老龄 (2 0月龄以上 )大鼠均分为模型组和正常对照组 ,观察大鼠全脑缺血 30分钟再灌注 6 0分钟后胃肠组织病理损伤和血浆ET、CGRP、NT含量。结果 :脑缺血再灌注胃肠组织出现明显的病理改变 ,老龄大鼠较青年大鼠严重。青年对照组血浆中CGRP高于青年模型组和老龄对照组。老龄模型组血中ET高于老龄对照组和青年模型组。青年对照组血浆中NT高于老龄对照组和青年模型组。结论 :脑缺血再灌注胃肠损伤与以ET占优势的CGRP与ET的平衡失调和NT含量降低有关 ,由于老龄大鼠ET与CGRP间平衡和NT的增龄变化使脑缺血再灌注后这些病理改变较青年大鼠有着明显特点     

复方当归注射液对脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑保护作用及对内皮素-1、白介素-6影响的实验研究

目的:观察复方当归注射液对大鼠脑缺血再灌注内皮素-1(ET -1)、白介素-6(IL -6)的影响.方法:采用结扎大鼠双侧颈总动脉的方法建立大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型,腹腔注射复方法当归注射液7天,进行大鼠行为评分,检测大鼠脑水肿,应用放射免疫方法检测大鼠血清以及脑组织匀浆中ET -1、IL -6.结果:复方当归注射液以10g、5g生药/kg腹腔注射,可以降低大鼠行为学评分,减轻脑水肿,降低脑缺血再灌注大鼠血清以及脑子组织匀浆中ET -1、LI-6的含量,与模型组比较P ＜0.05.结论:复方当归注射液具有一定的脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用.     

麝香醒脑宁对大鼠全脑缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨麝香醒脑宁(SXN)对全脑缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制.方法 采用大鼠全脑缺血/再灌注模型,观察SXN对翻正反射和脑电恢复时间、脑含水量和脑指数、脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、乳酸(LD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)和海马内皮素(ET)的影响.结果 SXN(80、160 mg/kg)可促进全脑缺血/再灌注大鼠翻正反射和脑电活动的恢复;SXN(40、80、160 mg/kg)能够降低全脑缺血/再灌注24 h大鼠脑含水量和脑指数;SXN(80、160 mg/kg)能够降低全脑缺血/再灌注大鼠脑组织MDA、LD含量,提高SOD、 LDH活性,抑制脑组织NOS活性和海马ET的升高.结论 SXN对全脑缺血/再灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与抗自由基损伤、抑制NOS和ET的升高等有关.     

乙酰葛根素对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后一氧化氮和内皮素生成的影响

目的:探讨乙酰葛根素在脑缺血再灌注损伤后对一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素(ET)生成的影响。方法:采用大脑中动脉内栓线阻断法造成大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤(假手术组除外)后,随机将实验大鼠分为6组,连续灌胃给药10d:损伤组[生理盐水5ml/(kg·d)];对照组[葛根素50mg/(kg·d)];乙酰葛根素高、中、低剂量组[乙酰葛根素250、50、10mg/(kg·d)];假手术组[生理盐水5ml/(kg·d)]。采用生化法测定脑缺血1h再灌注24h及48h大鼠脑组织匀浆和血清中NO水平,用放射免疫法测定血浆中ET水平,并进行脑组织病理学检查。结果:损伤组大鼠脑缺血1h再灌注24h及48h,脑组织匀浆和血清NO、血浆ET水平均明显高于假手术组(P<0.01);与损伤组相比,高、中、低剂量乙酰葛根素组血浆ET及脑组织匀浆NO水平显著降低(P<0.05),血清NO再灌注24h也明显降低(P<0.01);高、中剂量乙酰葛根素组再灌注48h血清NO显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:乙酰葛根素可减少脑缺血再灌注损伤后期不同时间段NO和ET的生成,提示,乙酰葛根素对局灶性脑缺血灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

益气化瘀中药对脑缺血再灌注大鼠白细胞粘附及内皮素的影响

观察了益气化瘀中药通络熄风注射液对脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠软脑膜微循环中白细胞粘附及血浆和脑组织内皮素含量的影响。结果 :脑缺血再灌注后微循环的血流速度明显加快 ,而后对照组动物可见血流速度又逐渐减慢 ,白细胞标记显示这种流速减慢的原因是白细胞在微血管内皮细胞表面的粘附及微静脉内微小血栓的形成 ,从而造成微循环的机械性阻塞。内皮素 (ET)测定结果显示对照组血浆及脑组织的ET 1水平明显增高。较大剂量的通络熄风注射液能够明显抑制白细胞与血管内皮细胞的粘附 ,抑制微小血栓的形成 ,并能降低血浆和脑组织的ET 1的含量 ,改善脑缺血再灌注后的微循环障碍 ,从而对脑缺血再灌注损伤起到保护作用。     

复圣散对高脂大鼠脑缺血复灌后红细胞变形性和血浆内皮素的影响

通过喂饲高脂饮食造成高脂血症大鼠动物模型 ,在此基础上利用线栓法复制双侧颈总动脉脑缺血再灌注模型 ,以激光衍射法测定红细胞变形性 ,以放射免疫法测定血浆内皮素 (ET)。结果 :高脂大鼠脑缺血再灌后 1d ,红细胞变形性明显降低 ,聚集性升高 ,血浆ET也呈升高趋势 ,与正常对照组有显著差异 (P <0 0 5) ;再灌后 7d ,除血浆ET含量外 ,各项指标恢复正常 ;而中药复圣散具有明显降低高脂大鼠脑缺血再灌后红细胞聚集性、改善红细胞变形能力和抑制血浆ET分泌的作用 ,相关分析表明红细胞变形性与血浆ET显著相关。提示中药复圣散可通过降低红细胞聚集性 ,提高其变形能力 ,同时减少血浆ET的过量释放 ,而改善脑微循环灌注 ,保护脑缺血性损伤。     

硒对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤血浆NO、NOS、ET的影响

心肌缺血再灌注损伤的发生机制非常复杂,有研究表明[1],一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素(ET)在缺血再灌注损伤时的动态失衡是其发生的重要因素之一。本人于2007年7月通过研究硒对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤所致的NO、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)和ET的影响,旨在探讨补硒对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的     

褪黑激素对大鼠缺血再灌注纹状体降钙素基因相关肽和内皮素表达的影响

目的：通过检测大鼠全脑缺血后再灌注纹状体内皮素（ET）、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）的表达和丙二醛（MDA）的含量变化,探讨ET和CGRP与脑缺血再灌注后神经元损伤的关系及褪黑激素（MT）对缺血再灌注纹状体ET、CGRP表达的影响。方法：于大鼠“四动脉结扎法”全脑缺血（30min）再灌注后第0、1、2、6h分别腹腔注射褪黑激素2．5mg／kg和10mg／kg两个剂量,各组大鼠再灌注24h后测定MDA含量,并用放射免疫法检测纹状体ET和CGRP含量变化。结果：MT2．5mg／kg和10mg／kg两个剂量于大鼠全脑缺血（30min）再灌注后第0、l、2、6h分别腹腔注射可降低再灌注24h大鼠纹状体ET的表达,加强CGRP的表达,并降低了MDA的含量。结论：MT可能通过影响再灌注过程中ET和CGRP的表达,降低缺血神经元脂质过氧化反应,从而改善缺血再灌注神经元的延迟性损伤。     

通络丸对脑缺血损伤时内皮素变化的影响

目的：探讨通络丸对脑缺血损伤时内皮素变化的影响。方法：在脑血栓病人和大鼠脑缺血／再灌注模型上观察通络丸的保护作用及对内皮素的影响。结果：通络丸能显著减轻脑缺血损伤,抑制内皮素增加。结伦：通络丸抑制内皮素增加可能是其减轻脑缺血损伤机制之一。     

灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后ET、TXA2和PGI2代谢的影响

目的观察灯盏花素对大鼠急性脑缺血再灌注后血浆和脑组织ET、TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α含量的影响。方法选用Wistar大鼠制作Pulsinelli四血管阻断(4VO)脑缺血再灌注模型,以川芎嗪为对照,采用放射免疫法测定灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血浆和脑组织ET、TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α含量的影响。结果灯盏花素能显著降低脑缺血再灌注后血浆和脑组织ET(P<0.05)、TXB2含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),降低TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值(P<0.01)。结论灯盏花素通过改变血管活性物质的含量从而对急性脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.