人体牙齿颜色测量系统口内活体牙测量重复性的研究

对人体牙齿颜色测量系统的重复性进行研究。方法：采用ＣＩＥ１９７６Ｌ＾＊ａ＾＊ｂ＾＊色度参数对７名自愿者上中切牙进行测量,通过比较不同时间、不同损伤者测量结果差异,计算、比较不同时间测量色差偏差的大小,研究人体牙齿颜色测量系统的重复性。结果：本实验所测人体牙齿颜色系统在不同时间测量结果的色差偏差为１．０２６个单位,且不同时间比较该色差值无显著性差异;不同时间内测量指标比较除ａ＾＊以外,Ｌ＾＊,ｂ＾＊     

Varian直线加速器准直器散射因子的测量与计算

目的 提出一种新的简单可行的适合于临床应用的准直器散射因子(Sc)的测量与计算方法.方法 参考ESTRO提供的测量方法,测量不同射野下的Sc,然后分别从方野拟合函数和方野测量的野数及大小选择、不同K值对矩形野Sc计算的影响等方面采用Matlab、Visual Basic和Access等软件进行分析.结果 (1)提出5组不同的方野测量野数及大小,它们的测量野个数分别是8、13、16、17、22,拟合值与测量值的最大偏差分别是0.58%、0.48%、0.46%、0.34%、0.28%.(2)K值的精确度对矩形野Sc计算影响不大,临床应用时,精确到0.1即可.结论 对Sc的测量,可采用5组不同野数及大小中任一组对方野进行测量即可,建议采用野数为13和17的测量组.测量结果采用6次方指数拟合.矩形野Sc值的计算采用Kim的方法,直接根椐加速器的准直器结构计算K值,再代入等效方野公式即可.     

物理楔形野两种处方剂量计算方法的对比实验研究

目的比较物理楔形野两种不同方法计算处方剂量与实测值的偏差,为物理楔形野处方剂量计算提供参考。方法在SIEMENS Primus-M型医用加速器产生的6MV X线和15MV X线条件下,用SCAN-DITRONIX RFA300三维水箱采集处方剂量计算所需的各种物理数据,2种方法分别计算处方剂量,与NEFarmer2670剂量仪实测值进行比较。结果传统方法计算值与实测值偏差较大,在6MV X线、45°楔形板、25cm×25cm射野、20cm深度条件下偏差达9.1%,而改进方法计算值与实测值偏差不超过1.2%。结论物理楔形野处方剂量计算的传统方法在某些条件下存有较大误差,建议完善物理楔形野处方剂量计算所需相关物理数据,采用改进方法进行计算。     

早期乳腺癌保乳术后放疗相邻野衔接处的剂量观察

目的探讨保乳术后放疗相邻野衔接处的剂量分布情况,为临床治疗提供剂量学参考。方法选取5例早期乳腺癌保乳手术后放疗患者,将金属氧化物半导体场效应管（MOSFET）5个剂量探头布置于相邻野衔接线的垂直线上,探头间隔2mm,多次测量后获取各个探头读数,比较其剂量差异。结果照射野衔接线处单次测量剂量变化大,总的平均剂量与上下探头比较在同一平滑线上,两野衔接良好;胸壁和乳腺皮肤表面剂量分别为3669.75cGy和3887.5cGy。结论照射野衔接处总的照射剂量稳定可靠,但单次剂量变化显著,可能影响该处的放射生物学效应;乳腺表浅组织受照剂量不足,可通过加用填充物来提高表浅剂量。     

60Co治疗机散射因素与处方剂量的分析

目的：测量^60Co治疗机散射野输出因子（Sc),总散射较正因子（Scp)以及各射野的吸收剂量,为临床使用、质量保证和控制提供依据。方法：在^60Co机上,用指形电离室、模体分别测量Sc、Scp随各射野的变化情况。结果：各野吸收剂量测量与计算值相对误差小于1.0%,矩形射野的交换效应对Sc的影响可以忽略。而对Scp有一定的误差其值小于1.0%。结论：在计算处方剂量时不可忽略模体散射的影响。     

在Excel环境下进行放射免疫数据处理的方法

目的：在Excel环境下进行放射免疫数据处理。方法：曲线拟合采用直线回归法，利用Ex－cel强大的数据处理、函数计算及图表处理功能，拟合标准曲线，计算样品值。结果：只需输入或修改标准品值和样品测定值，Excel自动进行曲线拟会、绘制图表、给出样品值。结论：该方法方便快捷、结果准确，明显优于手工作图。     

直肠癌扩散成像ADC值测量方法的选择

目的 通过对多种直肠癌(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值测量方法 的探讨,寻求准确、简便的直肠癌ADC值测量方法 .方法 对51例原发性直肠癌患者术前应用1.5T磁共振行MRI常规和扩散成像.应用不同方法 ADC值测量方法 ,进行ADC值的测量和计算.结果 体积测量法与最大层面法、公式计算法;连续三层法与最大层面法、公式计算法;最大层面法与公式计算法组问ADC值差异均有统计学意义(F=15.289,P<0.05).连续三层法与体积测量法,最大层面法与体积测量法,公式计算法与最大层面法的相关系数分别为:0.988,0.956,0.997,均呈正相关(P=0.000).体积测量法、最大层面法两组间的治疗过程中各监测时间点测量的ADC值与治疗前ADC值的差值无统计学意义(t=0.752,P=0.465),相关系数为0.933,呈正相关.结论 最大层面法不影响直肠癌ADC值测量的准确性和对ADC值变化规律的显示,是较为简便、易行的直肠癌ADC值测量方法 .ADC图法和公式计算法所计算ADC的值具有很好的正相关性,且差异很小,不影响对ADC值变化趋势的反映.     

楔形板对加速器6MV X线的影响

目的讨论放射治疗多野照射中,楔形板对射线的百分深度量(PDD)、对应达到PDD最大值时的水下深度值Dmax及辐射质的影响.方法利用三维水箱测量平野和楔形野的PDD曲线、Dmax值及Ⅰ值.结果楔形野的PDD、Dmax和Ⅰ值均较平野的增大.建议在做楔形野照射时使用楔形野的PDD值.     

对CIBA—CORNING644型Na^＋／k^＋／Cl^—离子选择电极分析仪的开发 …

目的：报告了６４４型分析仪测定Ｎａ＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｃｌ＾－的新通道。方法：应用电极输出功率试验,分别检测定标液和血清标本的Ｎａ＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｃｌ＾－深度,通过计算求得ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ值。结果：定标液和血清标本经重复试验,Ｎａ＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｃｌ＾－的ＣＶ值均在０．８３％以下。结论：本法结果与火焰光计法比较,差异不显著,Ｐ值均〉０．０５。     

鼻咽癌IMRT治疗野与颈前切野相邻关系质量保证研究

目的 探讨鼻咽癌适形调强放射治疗（IMRT）野与颈前切野相邻野衔接方式质量保证的经验。方法 用相邻野边界确定的两种方法和两种体位固定法分别测定模拟定位机下及验证片相邻野之间的重叠区。结果方法一面罩固定枕固定头部体位相邻野之间的重叠区的最大距离小于或等于2mm以外，其余三种方法相邻野之间重叠区的最小距离均大于2mm。结论 鼻咽癌做适形调强放射治疗的患者颈前切野的放疗宜采用相同的面罩固定枕固定头部体位，颈前切野上界的确定宜采用治疗床向头方向移动后X轴中心线。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.