柴芍承气汤加味银杏叶对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠血PAF、TNF-α、IL-8的影响

目的通过动物实验方法探讨柴芍承气汤加味银杏叶对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）大鼠模型胰腺损伤及血中PAF、TNF-α、IL-8水平的影响。方法将72只成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组：假手术组（J组）、SAP模型组（M组）、柴芍承气汤组（C组）、加味柴芍承气汤组（Z组）,各组又按制模后规定时间分为6、12、24h3个亚组,每组6只。采用牛黄胆酸钠胰胆管注射法制备SAP大鼠模型,J组大鼠仅于剖腹手术后轻轻翻动胃与十二指肠。制模后,C组给予柴芍承气汤灌胃,Z组给予柴芍承气汤加味银杏叶鼻饲,J组与M组给予生理盐水灌胃。大鼠处死后取胰腺组织,标本用10%福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋,切片,HE染色,光镜观察各组胰腺组织损伤情况。制模后,按规定时间点取大鼠动脉血,分别测定各组血中PAF、TNF-α、IL-8水平变化。结果 M组胰腺组织损伤随着时间延长逐渐加重,血中PAF、TNF-α、IL-8水平逐渐增高;C组较M组胰腺组织损伤减轻,血中PAF、TNF-α、IL-8水平均降低;Z组较C组血PAF水平下降。结论柴芍承气汤加味银杏叶可通过降低SAP大鼠血TNF-α、IL-8和PAF水平,对胰腺组织起到保护作用,其较柴芍承气汤具有更好的治疗作用。     

(加味)柴芍承气汤对重症急性胰腺炎及其并发症的作用

目的探讨(加味)柴芍承气汤对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)及其并发症的防治作用。方法65例SAP患者分为中药组35例,对照组30例。2组的内科治疗相同,中药组一经确诊即予柴芍承气汤加味银杏叶治疗,每剂煎成100~150m l,自鼻胃管内注入或口服,每日2~3次,直至患者腹痛缓解、腹胀基本消失、肠鸣恢复。分别观察2组患者治疗72 h后的PaO2、SaO2肾功能、脑病、局部并发症情况、腹痛缓解时间、肠鸣恢复时间、病死率,以及血清中血小板活化因子(PAF)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素-1(IL-1)水平变化。结果治疗72 h后中药组与对照组低氧血症的发生率分别为45.71%、73.73%,P<0.05;肾损害、脑病、局部并发症发生率以及病死率均低于对照组,但无统计学差异;腹痛缓解时间、肠鸣恢复时间均优于对照组(P<0.05);中药组血清中PAF、TNF-α、IL-1水平显著降低(P<0.01),而对照组则无明显变化。结论该汤剂对SAP及其并发症有较好的防治作用。抑制细胞因子或炎症介质可能是该汤剂治疗SAP的重要机制。     

肾综合征出血热合并肾性骨病的临床分析

目的 探讨肾综合征出血热患者骨代谢异常的发病机制.方法 对188例肾综合征出血热患者空腹抽血检测血清钙调节激素:1、25二羟维生素D3,骨钙索(BGP),白介素-1β(IL-1β),向介素-6(1L-6),肿瘤坏死因子a(TNFa),离子钙.结果 肾综合征出血热合并肾性骨病的患者血清1、25二羟维生素D3、骨钙素(BGP)检测水平较对照组明显降低,且与病情严重程度呈正相关.肾综合征出血热合并肾性骨病的患者血清白介素-1β(IL-1β),白介素-6(IL-6),肿瘤坏死因子a(TNFa)检测水平较对照组明显升高,且与病情严重程度呈正相关.结论 肾综合征出血热合并肾性骨病的患者存在着骨形成减少和骨破坏过多两种因素,从而引起肾性骨病,在骨形成的过程中血清1、25二羟维生素D3起了主妥作用,在骨吸收增强的过程中白介素-1β(IL-1β),白介素-6(IL-6),肿瘤坏死因子a(TNFa),起了重要作用.     

柴芍承气汤加味治疗高脂血症性急性胰腺炎作用研究

<正>高脂血症已成为继胆源性疾病、酗酒后导致急性胰腺炎的另一常见病因,且目前已超过酒精,成为胰腺炎的第二大发病原因~([1])。2016年12月—2018年7月笔者采用柴芍承气汤加味治疗高脂血症性急性胰腺炎(hyperlimidemic acute pancreatitis,HLAP)患者31例,取得较好的效果,现报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料 60例HLAP患者均来自临安中医     

柴芍承气汤联合低相对分子质量肝素钙治疗高脂血症性胰腺炎患者临床疗效及对炎症介质、血脂水平与凝血功能的影响

目的探讨柴芍承气汤联合低相对分子质量肝素钙(LMWH)治疗高脂血症性胰腺炎(HLP)患者临床疗效及对炎症介质、血脂水平与凝血功能的影响。方法以80例HLP患者为对象,分为对照组与观察组。比较两组治疗疗效及炎症因子、血脂、凝血指标水平。结果观察组总有效率为92.50%(37/40),高于对照组75.00%(30/40)(P<0.05)。观察组腹痛缓解、腹胀缓解、胃肠道功能恢复、血AMY恢复、尿AMY恢复时间均较对照组短(P<0.05)。两组治疗后肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、甘油三酯(TG)水平降低,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)水平升高,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论柴芍承气汤联合LMWH可有效缓解HLP患者的临床体征及症状,缩短患者病程,抑制体内炎症介质的释放,改善凝血功能。     

生长抑素联合中药治疗重症胰腺炎对患者免疫调节因子的影响

目的探讨早期应用柴芍承气汤治疗重症胰腺炎对患者免疫调节因子水平的影响。方法采用酶联免疫法测定重症胰腺炎患者采用柴芍承气汤加施他宁及单用施他宁治疗前后的外周血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、IL-2Rα、sIL-2R,IL-10、IL-12、IL-18水平。结果观察组经治疗1周后患者淋巴细胞产生IL-2水平显著升高(P<0.01),淋巴细胞表面表达IL-2Rα亦增强(P<0.01),外周血sIL-2R水平显著下降(P<0.01);IL-10、IL-12、IL-18水平显著下降(P均<0.01);而对照组IL-2Rα、sIL-2R无明显改变(P均>0.05);IL-2、IL-10、IL-12、IL-18水平明显下降(P均<0.01)。结论早期应用柴芍承气汤结合施他宁治疗重症胰腺炎患者,更有利于恢复机体免疫调节功能。     

丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺联合柴芍承气汤治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床观察

目的 探讨丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺联合柴芍承气汤治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床疗效.方法 将72例重症急性胰腺炎患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,各36例.对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺和柴芍承气汤,两组均监测各项生化指标,治疗结束后进行对比并做统计学分析.结果 治疗后治疗组患者血清C反应蛋白水平较对照组显著降低,白细胞计数恢复正常时间、血淀粉酶恢复正常时间、腹痛缓解时间、腹腔积液消失时间、住院时间均较对照组显著缩短,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但两组患者的并发症发生率及病死率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对于重症急性胰腺炎患者,在常规治疗的基础上尽早使用丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺与柴芍承气汤,可以降低炎症因子C反应蛋白水平,缩短病程,尽早改善症状.     

大承气汤加味治疗急性重症胰腺炎的临床观察

目的:观察大承气汤加味治疗急性重症胰腺炎(SAP)的治疗效果。方法:将90例SAP患者按完全随机法分成大承气汤加味组47例,对照组43例,对照组给予禁食、胃肠减压、应用抑制胰腺外分泌及抑制胰酶活性制剂、广谱抗生素和支持对症处理等常规治疗,大承气汤加味组在常规治疗的基础上加用大承气汤加味治疗。观察两组患者的胃肠减压、血淀粉酶恢复正常和住院时间、并发症发生率及病死率。结果:大承气汤加味组患者在胃肠减压、血淀粉酶恢复正常和住院时间方面均短于对照组(P<0.05或<0.01)。结论:SAP患者在进行常规治疗的同时应用大承气汤加味可改善肠道功能,缩短病程,减少并发症发生率,改善患者的预后。     

大承气汤加味联合西药治疗急性胰腺炎的临床效果探讨

目的 探讨分析大承气汤加味联合西药治疗急性胰腺炎的临床效果。方法 选取我院2016年1月至2018年1月接诊的50例急性胰腺炎患者为本次研究观察对象,将他们按照治疗办法不同,随机分为A、B两组。A组给予西医常规治疗,如禁食、禁水、改善微循环、营养支持、抗感染、解痉止痛、抑制胰腺分泌等。B组在西医常规治疗的基础上加用大承气汤加味来进行治疗。观察比较两组患者腹痛缓解时间、腹胀缓解时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间、病死率。结果 A组西医常规治疗患者的腹痛缓解时间、腹胀缓解时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间明显比西医常规治疗加大承气汤加味治疗的B组患者的所用时间要长,病死率也高。两组的对比具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 大承气汤加味联合西药治疗急性胰腺炎的临床效果显著,值得在临床上广泛推广。     

慢性严重心衰患者血炎性细胞因子与病死率的关系

了解慢性严重心衰患血炎性细胞因子与病死率的关系。方法：对344例心功能Ⅲ、Ⅳ级的慢性心衰患作了血炎性细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子a(TNFa)、白介素l-B(IL-1β)、白介素6(IL-6)的测定，并作了平均108周的随访，失访率为4．7％。结果：随访中，死亡128例，占22．9％，COX回归分析发现，单因素分析示TNFa、IL-18、IL-6、NYHA崩离析Ⅲ、Ⅳ级心功能对病人存活率有影响，多因素分析示TNFa、NYHAⅢ、Ⅳ级是影响存活率的独立危险因素，TNFa血浓度与慢性心衰存活率有关。结论：慢性心衰血炎性细胞因子与存活率有关。TNFa是慢性心衰独立的病死率预测因子。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.