甲状旁腺激素联合阿仑膦酸钠对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折骨痂血管形成的影响

目的探讨甲状旁腺激素联合阿仑膦酸钠对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折骨痂血管形成及骨折愈合的影响。方法 75只雌性SD大鼠随机分为5组:假手术组、去势组、甲状旁腺素组、阿仑膦酸钠组、联合用药组,每组15只,首先行双侧卵巢切除术,术后4周行右侧股骨干骨折髓内固定术,以构建大鼠骨质疏松性骨折动物模型。观察并评估骨折愈合,检测骨痂生物力学和骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),检测血清血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和骨形成发生蛋白-2(bone morphogenetic protein-2,BMP-2)浓度,观察骨痂形态结构,检测骨痂VEGF表达。结果去势组较假手术组骨折愈合评分、骨痂生物力学强度、骨痂BMD、血清BMP-2和VEGF浓度、骨痂VEGF蛋白表达、骨痂微血管数均显著降低(P0.05),甲状旁腺素组、阿仑膦酸钠组、联合用药组较去势组上述指标均升高,其中以联合用药组升高最显著(P0.05)。结论甲状旁腺激素联合阿仑膦酸钠通过介导VEGF,上调BMP-2表达,促进骨质疏松性骨折大鼠骨痂血管形成,增加骨密度,改善生物力学强度及骨组织形态学,加快骨折愈合。     

仙灵骨葆胶囊联合阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松骨折大鼠骨痂血管形成的影响

目的探讨仙灵骨葆胶囊联合阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松性骨折大鼠骨痂血管形成及VEGF、BMP-2表达的影响。方法50只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SHAM组)、模型组(MODEL组)、仙灵骨葆组(XLGB组)、阿仑膦酸钠组(ALLSN组)、联合药物组(LHYW组),10只/组,构建骨质疏松性骨折大鼠模型,放射性X线观察评估骨折愈合,双能X线检测骨密度,Mirco-CT检测骨结构形态学参数,番红O固绿染色观察骨痂组织形态学,免疫组化检测骨痂VEGF和BMP-2蛋白表达。结果所有实验大鼠均进入结果分析。与SHAM组比较,MODEL组大鼠骨折愈合评分、骨密度、骨组织形态学参数、骨痂VEGF和BMP-2表达均显著降低(P0.05),与MODEL组比较,XLGB组、ALLSN组和LHYY组骨折愈合评分、骨密度、骨组织形态学参数、骨痂VEGF和BMP-2表达均显著升高(P0.05),尤以LHYY组最高。SHAM组骨小梁结构正常,几乎均为骨性骨痂。MODEL组骨小梁明显稀疏、断裂,未见明显骨性骨痂。XLGB组和ALLSN组骨小梁增多,排列稍紊乱,大部分为骨性骨痂。LHYW组骨小梁明显增多,排列密集整齐,大量骨性骨痂。结论仙灵骨葆胶囊联合阿仑膦酸钠可能通过介导提高骨质疏松性骨折大鼠骨生长因子VEGF和BMP-2表达,促进骨痂血管形成,加速骨痂形成,增加骨密度,改善骨结构形态,促进骨折愈合。     

阿仑膦酸钠对实验性骨质疏松性大鼠的生物力学影响

目的探讨阿仑膦酸钠对维甲酸所致骨质疏松性大鼠的生物力学影响。方法通过维甲酸80mg／kg·天灌胃15天制造实验性雌性SD大鼠骨质疏松模型35只,5只经确认骨质疏松造膜成功后,随机分成2组,每组15只,分别给予灌胃对照组生理盐水8ml／kg·W,阿仑膦酸钠40mg／kg·W,并分别于2周,4周,6周处死后取股骨给予生物力学测试以了解阿仑膦酸钠对实验性骨质疏松性大鼠的生物力学影响。结果2周时阿仑膦酸钠不能明显的改善骨质疏松大鼠股骨的生物力学性能,4周时阿仑膦酸钠能改善骨质疏松大鼠股骨的最大载荷,P〈0．05。6周时又变得不明显,但弹性比率明显增加。结论阿仑膦酸钠能明显增加维甲酸所致骨质疏松性大鼠股骨的生物力学性能。     

辛伐他汀联合阿仑膦酸钠对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢的影响

目的探讨辛伐他汀联合阿仑膦酸钠干预对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松骨代谢的影响。方法 60只雌性SD大鼠随机平均分为5组:假手术组、去势组、辛伐他汀组、阿仑膦酸钠组、联合药物组,首先构建去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松性模型。分别检测骨代谢相关生化指标、氧化应激生化指标和骨组织骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),HE染色观察骨组织形态学。结果去势组大鼠血清Ca、P、SOD、CAT和骨组织BMD均较假手术组显著降低(P0.05),辛伐他汀组、阿仑膦酸钠组、联合药物组上述指标均较去势组升高,以联合用药组升高最显著(P0.05)。去势组大鼠血清ALP、BGP、PICP、TRAP、GLA、ICIP和MDA较假手术组均显著增高(P0.05),辛伐他汀组、阿仑膦酸钠组、联合药物组上述指标较去势组均降低,以联合用药组降低最显著(P0.05)。去势组股骨骨小梁明显稀疏,连接不完整,大量纤维组织,髓腔内大量空泡状脂肪细胞。联合药物组骨小梁数目明显增多,结构较完整,粗细均匀致密,连接成网状。结论辛伐他汀联合阿仑膦酸钠通过调节去卵巢大鼠骨代谢,抗氧化应激,增加骨密度,改善骨组织结构,发挥抗骨质疏松作用。     

针刺对实验性骨质疏松大鼠股骨骨折的预防作用

目的研究"健脾益肾强骨针法"对去势SD大鼠股骨骨质疏松性骨折的预防作用。方法 6月龄SD大鼠在去势3个月检测骨质疏松症模型造模成功后,被随机分为3个组:对照组、阿仑膦酸钠组和针刺组。针刺组针刺足三里、肾俞、大杼,每日1次,每周5次,连续治疗6个月;阿仑膦酸钠组每日皮下注射阿仑膦酸钠,每日1次,连续治疗6个月;对照组每日在其他两组治疗期间进行同样抓放。治疗6个月后,检测包括在体股骨骨折最小外力、新鲜股骨形态学、骨密度、骨力学性能等反映股骨的硬度和弹性的指标。结果针刺组、阿仑膦酸钠组的在体股骨骨折最小外力明显大于对照组;针刺组新鲜股骨近端横径明显小于阿仑膦酸钠组和对照组;针刺组、阿仑膦酸钠组骨密度明显大于对照组;针刺组、阿仑膦酸钠组离体股骨的部分力学性能指标(如压缩、拉伸)明显高于对照组。结论 1针刺足三里、肾俞、大杼6个月具有预防绝经后骨质疏松症模型大鼠股骨骨折的作用,其机制可能与针刺促进股骨的形态适应、增加骨密度、提高骨的抗外力性能密切相关。2"健脾益肾强骨针法"与阿仑膦酸钠均能提高绝经后骨质疏松大鼠在体股骨骨折最小外力,但针刺的作用机制与阿仑膦酸钠不完全相同。     

阿仑膦酸钠和鲑鱼降钙素对骨质疏松骨床中假体骨整合影响的对比研究

目的探讨阿仑膦酸钠(ALO)和鲑鱼降钙素(CT)两种药物促进假体骨整合作用效果的差异,为临床药物的选择应用提供参考。方法将40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为四组(A,B,C,D组),每组10只。切除B、C、D组大鼠卵巢建立骨质疏松(OP)模型(骨密度降幅20%),A组行假手术做为对照。随后在大鼠的胫骨平台植入羟基磷灰石假体,术后C、D组分别给予皮下注射CT(5IU/kg/d)和口服ALO(7mg/kg/w)各12周,A、B组做药物干预的对照组。所有大鼠在处死前,行体内荧光染色。处死后取带假体的胫骨制备成薄片,运用骨组织计量学检测手段,观察假体周围的骨量和测量假体的骨结合率。结果(1)ALO和CT两者均能促进假体周围成骨,增加骨量,显著提高骨-假体界面骨结合率至63.7%和45.7%,较OVX组骨整合比率分别提高近1～2倍,但阿仑膦酸钠促进假体周围成骨与促进骨整合较鲑鱼降钙素作用更为显著(P0.05),骨结合率增加18%;(2)阿仑膦酸钠和鲑鱼降钙素组大鼠腰椎BMD均提高,分别从(0.081±0.009)g/cm2和(0.078±0.009)g/cm2提至(0.116±0.008)g/cm2和(0.109±0.010)g/cm2。而且,阿仑膦酸钠的效果较降钙素更为明显。结论骨质疏松条件下,全身给予阿仑膦酸钠和鲑鱼降钙素均可增强假体周围成骨及骨量,有效促进假体的骨整合,但与鲑鱼降钙素相比,阿仑膦酸钠作用更为明显。     

银杏叶提取物对糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松症大鼠骨密度和骨生物力学的影响

目的评估银杏叶提取物(ginkgo biloba extract, Gbe)对糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松大鼠血清骨碱性磷酸酶、骨密度、胫骨生物力学的影响。方法经过糖皮质激素诱导骨质疏松后,将大鼠分为五组:骨质疏松组、Gbe-1组、Gbe-2组、阿仑膦酸钠组和对照组。经过4周和8周的治疗,将对照组与骨质疏松组的血清骨碱性磷酸酶、骨密度、胫骨生物力学改变进行比较(Student’s t检验),而骨质疏松组和其他治疗组通过ANOVA检验然后行Tukey/Dunnett’ T3(P0.05)进行分析。结果在骨质疏松组中,骨碱性磷酸酶、骨密度、骨刚度、最大负荷和弹性降低(P0.05)。Gbe-1和Gbe-2组骨碱性磷酸酶值增加。此外,Gbe-1,Gbe-2和阿仑膦酸钠组,骨密度增加(P0.05);与骨质疏松组相比,Gbe-1,Gbe-2和阿仑膦酸钠组显示出骨硬度、最大负荷和弹性值显著增加(P0.05)。结论银杏叶提取物可显著提高糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松大鼠的骨碱性磷酸酶、骨刚度、最大负荷和弹性及骨密度。     

阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松性大鼠钛合金假体骨整合影响的实验研究

[目的]观察阿仑磷酸钠对骨质疏松大鼠假体骨整合的影响。[方法]SD雌性大鼠39只,双侧胫骨结节处垂直骨面置入定制钛合金假体,随机分为正常组、对照组、治疗组(每组13只),正常组不做任何处理;对照组和治疗组8周后行双侧切除卵巢建立骨质疏松模型。骨质疏松模型建成后,对照组术后每周空腹生理盐水灌胃;治疗组术后每周空腹阿仑膦酸钠灌胃,剂量1 mg/(kg/周),持续8周。灌胃结束后处死取材,进行组织学观察及组织形态计量学测定。[结果]组织学观察发现,正常组假体周围纤维界膜薄且稀少,新生骨与假体界面为直接接触,大部位新生骨与假体界面完全整合。对照组假体周围由新生骨、类骨质和纤维界膜构成。纤维界膜较厚,与新生骨或类骨质间界限清晰。治疗组假体周围纤维界膜薄且稀少,新生骨与假体界面多为直接接触,有些部位新生骨与假体界面完全整合。组织形态计量学测定发现,治疗组假体周围界膜的厚度和面积均明显大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]阿仑膦酸钠经胃肠给药对骨质疏松大鼠假体骨整合有一定的促进作用。     

载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥抑制钛磨屑诱导的假体周围骨溶解

目的 比较载阿仑膦酸钠丙烯酸骨水泥与皮下注射阿仑膦酸钠抑制钛磨眉诱导的骨溶解的效果.方法 48只成年雄性新西兰兔随机均分为无钛磨屑且无阿仑膦酸钠组(A组),有钛磨屑注射且无阿仑膦酸钠组(B组),钛磨屑分别注射0.1%、0.5%、1.0%载阿仑膦酸钠丙烯酸骨水泥组(C、I)、E组),钛磨屑注射且皮下手射阿仑膦酸钠组(F组),每组8只.将载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥植入兔股骨远端.制备磨屑诱导骨溶解动物模型.术后8周对股骨行组织形态学分析、骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)测定及界面力学测试结果 B组假体周围可见明显的骨溶解,而C、D、E、F组骨溶解明显少于B组.B组假体周围BMD和骨-骨水泥界面抗剪强度分别较A组下降17%和56%;D组假体周围BMD和界面抗剪强度较B组分别增加29%和62%;E组假体周围BMD和界画抗剪强度较B组分别增加37%和29%;F组假体周围BMD和界面抗剪强度较B组分别增加51%和69%;C组、D组、E组分别与F组比较,假体周围BMD和界面抗剪强度的差异均无统计学意义.结论 载阿仑瞵酸钠丙烯酸骨水泥与皮下注射阿仑瞵酸钠均可在一定程度上抑制磨屑诱导的骨吸收,增强界画抗剪强度.     

甲状旁腺激素联合降钙素对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折骨生长因子的影响

目的探讨甲状旁腺素联合降钙素对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折骨相关生长因子及骨折愈合的影响。方法75只雌性SD大鼠随机分为:假手术组、去势组、甲状旁腺素组、降钙素组、联合用药组,15只/组,首先构建去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松性骨折动物模型。观察并评估骨折愈合,测定骨痂BMD和BMC,检测血清BMP-2、VEGF、TGF-β、IGF-1水平和骨痂蛋白表达,观察骨痂形态结构变化。结果去势组较假手术组骨折愈合评分、骨痂BMD和BMC、血清BMP-2、VEGF、TGF-β、IGF-1水平和骨痂蛋白表达均显著降低(P均<0.05),而联合用药组较去势组上述指标均显著升高(P均<0.05)。去势组骨痂骨小梁明显减少,生长稀疏,排列紊乱,大量间充质干细胞及纤维软骨细胞,成骨细胞及微血管少见;联合用药组骨痂大量骨小梁,生长旺盛,互相交错网状,排列致密有序,可见较多成熟的骨细胞及成骨细胞。结论甲状旁腺素联合降钙素通过介导提高相关骨生长因子表达,提高骨质疏松性骨折骨密度和矿物含量,改善骨组织形态学,加快骨折愈合。     

脑外伤合并四肢骨折骨痂局部转化生长因子-β基因表达的实验研究

目的 通过对SD大鼠脑外伤合并四肢骨折不同时间段骨痂局部转化生长因子(TGF-β)的基因表达进行检测,了解TGF-β在增强骨折愈合过程中的作用。方法 纯种SD雄性大鼠80只,随机分为（每组40只）单纯四肢骨折组（对照组）与脑外伤合并四肢骨折组（实验组）（每组40只）,两组均利用逆转录PCR基因扩增技术对骨折后l、2、3、4周骨痂局部TGF-β基因表达的改变进行检测。结果 与对照组相比,实验组在骨折后1周TGF-β的基因表达明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在骨折后3周其表达明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组TGF-β基因表达均在骨折后2周达到峰值,峰值与其他时间段比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但两组间峰值比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 脑外伤合并四肢骨折骨痂局部TGF-β基因表达模式的改变表明,TGF-β基因参与了增强的骨折愈合病理生理过程。     

抗骨质疏松对老年性桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效

目的探讨抗骨质疏松对老年性骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的治疗效果。方法对84例老年原发骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折患者先测定股骨颈骨密度值,随机分为治疗组（44例）及对照组（40例）,根据病情选用手法或手术复位。治疗组予肌注鲑鱼降钙素（密盖息）,口服阿仑膦酸钠片（固邦）、阿法骨化醇胶丸及钙尔奇D600片,对照组不予抗骨质疏松治疗,仅予安慰剂：肌注VitB1,口服VitC、VitE、VitAD胶丸。两组共使用药物10周,患者每15天行X线照片检查,观察骨折断端骨痂生长情况并进行疗效对比;治疗10周后再次测定股骨颈骨密度值并进行比较。结果治疗组治疗8周后与对照组比较,骨痂形成时间短,数量明显增加,骨皮质增厚,骨折愈合时间分别为：治疗组（6.8±1.5）周,对照组（8.5±2.5）周,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;治疗组骨密度治疗前（0.618±0.092）g/cm^2,治疗后（0.643±0.088）g/cm^2,治疗前后差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;对照组治疗前BMD（0.620±0.085）g/cm^2,治疗后BMD（0.626±0.091）g/cm^2,治疗前后差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;两组治疗后比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论对老年性骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折进行抗骨质疏松治疗,能促进骨痂提早形成,增加骨痂生成数量,增加骨密度,改善骨结构,提高骨的生物力学特性和抗骨折线力,增加骨折稳定性,减少外固定时间。     

Osteoporosis influences the middle and late periods of fracture healing in a rat osteoporotic model

Osteoporosisischaracterizedbydecreasedbonemass, increasedbonefragilityinducedbydemolitionofbonemicrostructureandincreasedsusceptibilitytofracture. Currentstudiesmainlyfocusonthepreventionoffracture. However, theinfluenceofosteoporosisonthefracturehealingremainspoorlyunderstoodandcontroversial.Inourpreviousstudy, wehaveevaluatedtheeffectofosteoporosisontheearlyperiodoffracturehealing, andfoundthatosteoporosisinfluencesthequantityandqualityofcallusduringtheearlyperiodofracturehealing.1 Incurrent…     

Dsteoporosis influences the middle and late periods of racture healing in a rat osteoporotic model

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of osteoporosis on the middle and late periods of fracture healing process through observing the histomorphological changes, bone mineral density and biomechanical properties in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: Eighty-four female SD rats of 4 months old were randomly divided into osteoporosis group and sham operation group, 42 in each. Rats in osteoporosis group were performed ovariectomy operation while those in sham operation group were given sham operation. A midshaft tibia fracture model was established 10 weeks after ovariectomy. Tibias were harvested 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 weeks after fracture for bone mineral density, histomorphological and biomechanical evaluation. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, callus bone mineral density was 12.8%, 18.0%, 17.0% lower in osteoporosis group 6, 12, 18 weeks after fracture, respectively (P<0.05); callus failure load was 24.3%, 31.5%, 26.6%, 28.8% lower in osteoporosis group, and callus failure stress was 23.9%, 33.6%, 19.1%, 24.9% lower in osteoporosis group 4, 6, 12, 18 weeks after fracture, respectively (P<0.05). In osteoporosis group, endochondral bone formation was delayed, more osteoclast cells could be seen around the trabecula, and the new bone trabecula arranged loosely and irregularly. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoporosis influences the middle and late periods of fracture healing in the rat osteoporotic model. The impairment is considered to be the result of combined effects of prolonged endochondral calcification, high activated osteoclast cell and the deceleration of the increase in bone mineral density.     

复方萆薢汤对尿酸性肾病大鼠尿NGAL和KIM-1的影响

目的：观察复方萆薢汤对尿酸性肾病大鼠尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）和肾损伤因子-1（KIM-1）的影响.方法：将72只SD雄性大鼠随机分为6组,正常对照组、模型组、别嘌呤醇组、低（BX1）、中（BX2）、高剂量（BX3）复方萆薢汤组,采用氧嗪酸钾制作尿酸性肾病大鼠模型,造模后分组给药,分别给予生理盐水、别嘌呤醇、低、中、高剂量复方萆薢汤[10g· kg-1·d-1、20 g· kg-1·d-1、40 g·kg-1·d-1]灌胃,于给药后每隔1周,检测各组大鼠血清尿酸（UA）、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Scr）水平;并于每次取血前1天留取24h尿液,检测尿NGAL和KIM-1的含量.结果：（1）自治疗第2周起,模型组与正常对照组比较,血清UA、BUN、Scr升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,低、中、高剂量复方萆薢汤组,大鼠血清UA、BUN、Scr较模型组均明显降低（P＜0.05）,呈剂量依赖性,但均高于正常对照组（P＜0.05）;低剂量复方萆薢汤组与别嘌呤醇组效果相当（P＞0.05）;（2）与模型组比较,自治疗第1周起,低、中、高剂量复方萆薢汤组尿NGAL和KIM-1的含量明显降低（P＜0.05）,并随剂量的增加降低明显,但低剂量复方萆薢汤组与别嘌呤醇组之间NGAL和KIM-1的含量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论：复方萆薢汤能降低尿酸性肾病大鼠血清UA、BUN、Scr的水平,降低NGAL和KIM-1在尿酸性肾病大鼠尿中的表达,具有保护肾功能的作用.     

Effect of bisphosphonate (incadronate) on fracture healing of long bones in rats.

This study was designed to test whether bisphosphonates disturb the process of fracture healing. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with either two doses of bisphosphonate (incadronate) (10 microg/kg and 100 microg/kg) or vehicle three times a week for 2 weeks. Right femora were then fractured and fixed with intramedullary wires. Incadronate treatment was stopped in pretreatment groups (P-10 and P-100 groups), while the treatment was continued in continuous treatment groups (C-10 and C-100 groups). Animals were sacrificed at 6 and 16 weeks after surgery. Soft X-ray of all fractured femora was taken. After mechanical testing, fractured femora were stained in Villanueva bone stain and embedded in methyl methacrylate. Cross-sections near fracture line were analyzed by microradiography and histomorphometry. Radiographic study showed that bony callus was present in all the fractures and incadronate treatment led to a larger callus, especially in C-100 group at both 6 and 16 weeks. Histologic study showed that the process of fracture healing in pretreatment groups was delayed at 6 weeks, but reached control level thereafter and showed same characteristics as in control at 16 weeks. Woven bony callus could still be seen in continuous treatment groups at 16 weeks. Mechanical study indicated that the ultimate load of C-100 group was slightly higher than the other treatment groups and control. The results suggest that pretreatment with incadronate did not affect fracture healing at 16 weeks after fracture. However, continuous incadronate treatment could lead to larger callus, but it delayed remodeling process during fracture healing, especially with high-dose treatment.     

离子导入骨碎补总黄酮对骨质疏松症患者腰椎骨密度影响临床研究

目的：离子导入骨碎补总黄酮对骨质疏松症患者腰椎骨密度及临床评价标准的影响。方法选取2011年3月-2012年3月来我院进行治疗并确诊的120例骨质疏松症患者,随机将其分为治疗组与对照组两组,每组60人,治疗组选择离子导入骨碎补总黄酮进行治疗,对照组选用口服药物治疗。应用疼痛视觉模拟评分法及腰椎骨密度检测法对骨质疏松症患者进行评价,在治疗3个月之后收集并分析骨质疏松症患者各组疼痛视觉模拟评分及腰椎骨密度及其变化,对比并进行临床分析。结果在经过3月的治疗后,离子导入骨碎补总黄酮患者的总有效率达到93.1％,对照组患者的有效率为61.3％,两组对比治疗效果差异有统计学意义。结论离子导入骨碎补总黄酮治疗骨质疏松症对于缓解骨质疏松症患者腰腿疼痛及提高腰椎骨密度有明显的疗效,因此应在临床实践中加以运用并推广,促进骨质疏松症患者的早日康复。     

可控性应力与微动对骨折愈合影响的组织学研究

目的 探讨骨折端在不同轴向应力作用下,不同骨折愈合时期所需轴向应力的适宜力值. 方法 32只青山羊均行股骨干中段横行截骨制作骨折模型,按骨折端施加实验动物自身体质量的0倍(对照组)、1/6(A组)、1/3(B组)、1/2(C组)应力分为4组,每组8只.术后4、8周分批处死,每次每组处死4只,行大体观察和组织学观察,测量骨折端骨外膜骨痂面积. 结果 对照组有1只动物骨折端发生成角畸形,实验A、B、C组分别有1、2、4只动物骨折端发生成角畸形.术后4周,对照组、A、B、C组骨折端骨外膜骨痂面积平均值分别为(1.15±0.34)、(1.86±0.28)、(2.18±0.36)、(1.99±0.33)cm~2,A、B、C组分别与对照组比较,骨折端骨痂生成多,骨外膜骨痂面积差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后8周,沿轴向排列骨外膜骨痂中骨性骨痂多、致密,皮质骨松化明显;对照组、A、B、C组骨折端骨外膜骨痂面积平均值分别为(1.38±0.31)、(2.09±0.23)、(2.69±0.28)、(2.71±0.31)cm~2,A、B、C组分别与对照组比较,B、C组分别与A组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 骨折端施加轴向应力时能促进骨折端骨痂生长,较大的应力强度能更好地促进骨折端骨痂生长,但同时会造成骨折愈合成角畸形发生率增高.骨折端施加自身体质量的1/3应力时骨折端成角畸形发生率较低,最适宜促进骨折端骨痂生长.     

Early period of fracture healing in ovariectomized rats

Objective. To evaluate the effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing through observing the hlstomorphological changes, bone mineral density of callus and expression and distribution of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1 ), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)and bone morphogenetic protein.2 (BMP-2) in ovariectomized rats. Methods. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats ( aged 12 weeks and weighing 235 g on average ) were randomly divided into an ovariectomized (OVX) group (n =30) anda sham-operated (SO) group ( n = 30). Ovariectomy was performed in the OVX rats and same incision was made in the SO rats. Three months later, fracture of femoral shaft was made on all the rats. Then they were killed at different time points. Callus formation was observed with histological and imethods. Results: A reduction in callus and bone mineral density in the healing femur and a decrease of osteoblasts expressing TGF-β1 near the bone trabecula were observed in the OVX rats 3-4 weeks after fracture.Histomorphological analysis revealed a higher content of soft callus in the OVX rats than that in the SO rats.Immunohistochemistry results showed that no remarkable difference in expression and distribution of BMP-2 and bFGF between the OVX and SO groups was found. Conclusions: Osteoporosis influences the quantity and quality of callus during the early period of fracture healing. The effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing has no relationship with the expression of BMP-2 or bFGF. The decreased expression of TGF-I31 in osteoblasts may cause a decrease in quality of facture healing after osteoporosis.