帕金森病伴抑郁障碍的临床特征分析

目的 了解帕金森病伴抑郁障碍的临床特征.方法 采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版本(HAMD24)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)对确诊的35例帕金森病伴抑郁障碍患者(研究组)及35例抑郁症患者(对照组)进行评定及比较.结果 两组患者SDS、HAMD24、HAMA总分间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).研究组患者SAS总分[(55.9±11.6)分]及HAMD24中体质量[(0.6±0.4)分]、认知障碍[(3.9±1.7)分]、昼夜变化[(0.69±0.28)分]因子分与对照组[分别为(50.1±12.3)分、(1.2±0.4)分、(5.1±1.9)分和(1.32±0.39)分]比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.01、6.20、2.61和6.30,P<0.01).结论 帕金森病伴抑郁障碍具有独特的临床特征,即无明显的生物学症状,焦虑症状相对较多.     

人格特征对肺癌围手术期患者心理健康状况的影响

目的 探讨人格特征对肺癌围手术期患者心理健康状况的影响.方法 以97名中南大学湘雅二医院普胸外科肺癌围手术期患者作为研究对象,采用自制的一般资料问卷、艾森克人格问卷成人版、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、症状自评量表对他们的一般资料、人格特征以及心理状况进行调查.结果肺癌围手术期患者症状自评量表中总分[( 153.28±41.98)分]、躯体化[(1.78±0.42)分]、强迫症状[(1.96±0.52)分]、抑郁[(1.77±0.67)分]、焦虑[(1.82±0.56)分]、敌对[(1.68±0.87)分]、恐怖[(1.44±0.75)分]、精神病性因子[(1.56±0.51)分]均高于中国常模(p＜0.05).艾森克人格问卷中P量表得分[( 10.96±2.65)分]高于国内常模[(5.84±3.27)分](P＜0.001);神经质维度、精神质维度与症状自评量表各因子分均呈正相关.结论 肺癌围手术期患者心理状态较差,人格方面喜欢独处,不关心他人,心理状态与人格特征之间存在相关性,且人格特征的内外向维度和神经质维度可以预测负性心理的发生.     

惊恐障碍患者的述情障碍

目的探讨惊恐障碍患者的述情障碍及其相关因素.方法采用多伦多述情障碍量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表对伴或不伴广场恐怖的47名惊恐障碍患者和37名健康对照者进行评估.结果(1)伴或不伴广场恐怖的惊恐患者TAS因子Ⅱ分[分别为(3.30±0.70)分和(3.13±0.75)分]高于正常对照组[(2.58±0.67)分](均P＜0.05),伴广场恐怖的惊恐患者的TAS总分[(75.4±10.1)分]高于对照组[(66.3±8.9)分](P＜0.01),两患者组的因子Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ分与对照组之间的差异无显著性(P＞0.05),两患者组TAS及四个因子之间的差异亦无显著性(P＞0.05);(2)伴与不伴广场恐怖的惊恐患者的HAMA和HAMD得分[HAMA分别为(17.0±6.13)分和(18.6±7.94)分,HAMD分别为(13.0±6.2)分和(15.3±6.96)分]均高于对照组[分别为(0.94±1.22)分和(1.08±0.27)分](P＜0.001);(3)伴或不伴广场恐怖的惊恐障碍的TAS因子Ⅱ得分与病程及HAMA和HAMD的相关关系无显著性(P＞0.05).结论伴与不伴广场恐怖的惊恐障碍患者均存在述情障碍,以认识和区别情绪和躯体感受的能力欠缺明显,与其病程和焦虑抑郁状态无相关;其描述情感、幻想及外向型思维的能力可能未受损害.     

脑卒中患者睡眠障碍及影响因素研究

目的观察脑卒中患者睡眠障碍发生情况及可能的影响因素.方法对入选病例分别采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、神经功能缺损程度评分(NDS)、改良Barthel指数(MBI)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)进行测评.结果在154例脑卒中患者中,睡眠障碍患者(PSQI总分＞7分者)92例(59.7%).睡眠障碍患者与非睡眠障碍患者在平均年龄[(68.6±11.7)岁vs(60.2±11.3)岁,P＜0.01]、女性百分比[68.6%vs 31.4%,P＜0.01]、HAMD[(13.6±8.2)分vs(5.3±2.4)分,P＜0.01]、HAMA[(8.3±1.2)分vs(3.5±0.8)分,P＜0.05]、MBI[(58.7±14.3)分vs(70.2±15.6)分,P＜0.01]及NDS[(19.1±6.3)分vs(12.6±5.4)分,P＜0.01]评分方面比较,均差异有显著性(P＜0.05或＜0.01).多元逐步回归分析显示,睡眠障碍与患者的日常生活能力、抑郁状态、神经功能缺损程度、脑卒中的部位及病变范围大小密切相关.结论脑卒中患者睡眠障碍较为常见,改善睡眠有助于患者的神经功能缺损康复和生活质量提高.     

抑郁症患者依恋类型、述情障碍与防御方式的相关性研究

目的 探讨抑郁症患者的依恋类型、述情障碍及其防御方式的关系.方法 采用修订版成人依恋量表(AAS-1996)、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)及防御方式问卷(DSQ),对32名抑郁症患者和80名对照组被试进行评定.结果抑郁症患者的依恋类型与对照组差异有统计学意义(x2 =47.6,P＜0.01),前者偏向不安全型依恋,后者偏向安全型依恋.抑郁症患者的不成熟防御机制[(5.47±1.13)分]和中间型防御机制得分[(4.93±0.56)分]高于对照组[分别为(3.79±1.09)分和(4.20±1.00)分;P＜0.01].抑郁症患者的述情障碍总分[ (76.88±8.94)分]、因子Ⅰ[(3.34±0.77)分]和因子Ⅱ得分[(3.64±0.51)分]均高于对照组[分别为(65.70±7.98)分、(2.41±0.78)分和(2.65±0.55)分;P＜0.01],因子Ⅲ得分[(2.51±0.78)分]低于对照组[(3.14±1.03),P＜0.01].抑郁症患者成人依恋的亲近、焦虑因子与述情障碍存在一定的相关.抑郁症患者成人依恋3个因子与防御方式存在一定相关.结论 抑郁症患者的依恋可能通过影响防御方式间接导致抑郁情绪;此外,抑郁会导致述情障碍,不同依恋特点的抑郁症患者表现出不同的述情障碍.     

中职生学习倦怠状况及其与人格特征关系

目的了解中等职业学校学生(中职生)的学习倦怠状况,并分析学习倦怠与人格特征的关系.方法以maslach倦怠问卷-学生量表(MBI-SS)量表为基础加上访谈得到的条目构成学习倦怠量表,结合大五人格量表和中国人性格量表对北京市二所职业学校604名中学生进行测试,对变量进行方差分析.结果学习倦怠总分及各因子在性别、是否担任班干部、年级、母亲文化程度、班主任年龄和考试排名等变量上差异有显著性.将被试按照学习倦怠总分、学习疏远、学习疲倦、低学习效能得分的27%分组,分成高分组与低分组,结果学习倦怠总分及各因子高分组的神经质[(3.20±0.53)分]、面子[(8.98±3.10)分]、防御性[(7.25±2.84)分]得分高于低分组[分别为(2.78±0.59)分,(7.20±3.25)分,(5.88±3.17)分],外倾性[(3.22±0.51)分]、开放性[(2.76±0.35)分]、宜人性[(3.24±0.46)分]、严谨性[(3.13±0.47)分]与和谐性[(9.96±2.69)分]得分低于低分组[分别为(3.50±0.51)分,(2.94±0.36)分,(3.50±0.45)分,(3.61±0.61)分,(11.20±2.04)分],在人情取向与灵活性得分方面除低学习效能高分组灵活性高于低分组外,其它方面差异无显著性.结论中职生的学习倦怠要引起高度重视.     

外来务工人员子女儿童行为和情绪问题的对照研究

目的 了解外来务工人员子女行为与情绪问题特征.方法 随机分层整群抽取佛山市外来务工子女642名与本地儿童585名进行对照研究,采用儿童行为评定量表(CBCL)、儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表评定儿童行为和焦虑抑郁情绪.结果 外来务工子女组和对照组在CBCL量表的行为总分[(25.49±5.16)分,(21.93±4.96)分]及退缩[(2.58±1.73)分,(1.89±1.32)分]、焦虑抑郁[(3.07±1.87)分,(1.93±1.15)分]、社交问题、攻击行为、内向性行为、社交分、学校分等因子方面差异有显著性,2组在焦虑、抑郁总分及广泛性焦虑、社交恐怖和学校恐怖等因子方面差异有显著性.结论 外来务工子女有较多的行为问题和焦虑抑郁情绪,有必要对他们进行心理行为干预.     

新疆维吾尔族与汉族抑郁症患者临床特征的对照研究

目的 探讨维、汉族抑郁症临床特征及其有关变量上的差异.方法 了解一般情况,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和明尼苏达多项人格调查表(MMPI)对维族97例、汉族129例抑郁症患者进行测试.结果 维族组发病年龄、总病程[分别为(31.35±10.69)岁,(40.06±54.37)月]小于汉族组[分别为(34.94±12.09)岁,(60.15±73.65)月],差异有显著性(P＜0.05).临床HAMD测试维族组睡眠障碍因子分、体质量减轻因子分、认识障碍因子分[分别为(3.84±1.12)分,(0.55±0.99)分,(0.61±0.60)分]高于汉族组[分别为(3.34±1.56)分,(0.29±0.79)分,(0.40±0.43)分],维族组绝望感因子分[(1.15±1.02)分]低于汉族组[(1.54±0.99)分],差异有显著性(P＜0.05).SCL-90测试,维族组躯体化症状因子分[(2.52±0.85)分]较汉族组[(2.14±0.84)分]更高,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).MMPI测试2组有8个量表T分同时高于70分,6个量表T分同时低于70分.结论 民族文化对抑郁症发病规律、临床特征有影响,对抑郁症人格特征影响很小,不同民族抑郁症具有共同的人格特征.     

抑郁症患者短期治疗前后述情障碍的研究

目的 探讨抑郁症患者短期治疗后述情障碍的变化及治疗后述情障碍的影响因素.方法 采用多伦多述情量表(TAS)中文版、Beck抑郁自评量表(BDI),对80例抑郁症患者于治疗前后(新型抗抑郁剂3周以上)进行评定,并与95名健康志愿者(对照组)比较.结果 (1)治疗前抑郁症组TAS与BDI评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.01).重度抑郁组TAS因子I、II及总分均高于轻、中度抑郁组(P<0.05);中度抑郁组仅TAS因子II得分高于轻度抑郁组(P<0.05).(2)治疗后抑郁症患者TAS总分[(52.73±9.41)分]、因子I[(17.88±5.61)分]、因子II[(13.08±3.42)分]、BDI总分[(8.74±7.27)分]较治疗前均降低[分别为 (58.45±10.17)分、(21.56±5.45)分、(16.64±3.35)分、(23.86±9.27)分;P<0.01].治疗后抑郁症组TAS因子I[(17.88±5.61)分]、因子III[(21.78±4.01)分]、总分[(52.73±9.41)分]仍高于对照组[分别为(15.90±4.26)分、(19.09±3.03)分、(48.04±8.79)分;P<0.01].(3)治疗后抑郁总分、服务满意度、治疗信心、对疾病的了解依次进入TAS总分的回归方程.结论 抑郁症存在明显的述情障碍,抑郁总分等是述情障碍的重要影响因素,短期治疗可降低述情障碍的严重程度.述情障碍可能既是一种人格特质,又是对抑郁的一种反应.     

汶川地震安置点灾民抑郁症状及影响因素分析

目的 评估汶川地震后第2周安置点灾民的抑郁症状及影响因素.方法 对江油市太平镇安置点灾民随机抽样后,利用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HRSD)、斯坦福急性应激反应量表(SASRQ)、应激反应问卷(SRQ)及自编调查问卷进行评估,225名灾民完成调查.结果 29.33%的灾民存在抑郁症状,11.11%的灾民有自杀观念.HRSD总分[(15.67±11.12)分]与SASRQ总分(r=0.725,P<0.01)及SRQ总分呈正相关(r=0.767,P<0.01).不同年龄组的HRSD总分、焦虑与躯体化、阻滞、睡眠障碍、绝望感的差异有显著性(F=4.94,P<0.01),LSD多重检验显示儿童组的HRSD总分[(10.35±9.17)分]与青少年组[(16.86±11.82)分]、中年组[(19.31±11.94)分]、老年前期组[(20.04±11.19)分]的差异有显著性(P<0.05).女性灾民的睡眠障碍[(3.27±2.25)分]比男性[(2.59±2.27)分]严重,差异有显著性(t=2.145,P=0.033).亲人遇难组的HRSD总分[(22.82±13.99)分]高于仅经济损失组[(14.51±10.06)分],差异有显著性(t=3.308,P=0.002).以HRSD总分为因变量的线性回归分析结果 显示,SRQ、烦扰程度、是否受伤、SASRQ进入回归方程(R=0.870,F=95.307,P<0.01).结论 灾民在地震发生后第2周存在明显的抑郁症状,与急性应激症状密切相关,儿童的抑郁症状相对较轻,灾后心理干预应关注女性、亲人遇难等特殊人群.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.