24h值班制护理技能训练方法的研究与实践

目的 探讨护理专业校内实训基地开展24 h值班制护理技能训练的方法及效果.方法 将2007级高中升大专护理专业2个班级学生各60名分别列为对照班和实验班.对照班采用常规的护理技能教学方法,教师演示、单个项目训练、下临床实习前集中训练考核的方法.实验班除接受以上训练外于第4学期(即下临床实习前一学期),增加24 h值班制护理技能训练方法:教师设计好病案,按照临床要求排班,各班由1名教师带领4名学生(扮演护士)进行护理技能训练,其余学生扮演患者、家属、朋友,住在仿真病区.对2班的教学效果进行评价.结果 实验班与对照班,综合技能考核、毕业理论考核成绩比较均有显著差异.临床带教老师反映校内实训基地开展24 h值班制护理技能训练项目使学生提前适应临床护理工作,有利于提升学生的综合技能.结论 校内实训基地开展24 h值班制护理技能训练方法是行之有效的一种技能训练方法.

Abstract：

Objective To explore a new training method of nursing skills under 24 hours shift system in the practical training base in the college. Methods The practical training base in the college was rebuilt into a simulated hospital. 120 three-year-course nursing students in grade 2007 were divided into the control class and the experimental class with 60 students in each class. The control class adopted routine teaching method, including teacher demonstration, single project training, concentrated training before clinical practice. The experimental class participated in the tutoring mode of nursing skills under 24 hours shift system in simulated hospital. The cases were pre-designed and students acted as patients by tums. One teacher led 4 students into nursing skill training by day shift, evening shift and mid-night shift. The teaching effect was compared between two classes. Results There was significant difference between the two groups in comprehensive technique test and graduation theoretical test score. Clinical nursing teachers thought the skill training in simulated hospital under 24 hours shift system can help students prepare for the nursing work in hospital ahead of time and improve their comprehensive capability. Conclusions Training mode of nursing skills in simulated hospital under 24 hours shift system is feasible for enhancing nursing skills.     

"示教病房"无缝对接培养模式应用的效果评价

目的 探讨"示教病房"无缝对接培养模式在护理教学中的应用效果.方法 2006至2009年选取实习的高等职业学校护生210名作为实验组,并采用方便抽样的方法选取其他同等学历院校的护生210名作为对照组.实验组采用"示教病房"无缝对接的培养模式,实行培训基地-示教病房-带教病房一体化的临床教学管理;对照组采用传统的分段式带教模式.比较2组的教学效果.结果实验组护生的理论考试成绩和操作技能考试成绩均显著高于对照组,实验组护生对教学的满意度显著高于对照组.结论 "示教病房"无缝对接的培养模式,得到了患者、带教老师和护生的认可,提高了实习质量,值得在临床教学医院推广应用.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the application effect of seamless training model of "demonstration unit" on nursing teaching. Methods 210 nursing students from high professional schools from 2006 to 2009 were set as the experimental group, 210 nursing students of the same education background were selected as the control group. The experimental group adopted seamless training model of "demonstration unit", the control group used traditional segmental teaching mode. Teaching effect was compared between the two groups. Results The theoretic test results, operation and technological testing results and satisfaction degree with the teaching in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions The seamless training model of "demonstration unit" is approved by the patients, teachers and nursing students and improves the quality of clinical teaching. It should be used widely in clinical nursing education.     

概念图主导教学法对护生自主学习能力的影响

目的 探讨以概念图为主导的教学方法对实习护生自主学习能力的培养效果.方法将 120名大专护生随机分为实验组和对照组各60名,前者需定期参加由辅导员组织的以概念图为主导、以案例为媒介的培训活动,后者则需定期参加由护理部组织的专题讲座.将实验前后2组护生<护理专业护生自主学习能力测评量表>的调查结果进行比较.结果 实验组和对照组护生前后测量结果有差异;总分和各维度得分存在组间差异.结论 以概念图为主导、以案例为媒介的教学方法能起到培养护生自主学习能力的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effects of teaching method of concept-map orientation on cultivating intern nursing students' autonomous learning competencies. Methods 120 volunteers were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 students in each group. The students from the experimental group participated in the training activities, in which concept-map orientation and clinical case served as a vehicle. While the students from the control group attended lectures held by nursing department. All the students fulfilled the Measure Scale of Autonomous Learning Competencies of Nursing Undergraduates before and after this study. Results There was significant difference between before and after the study, and significant difference was also seen in total score and score of each dimension between the experimental group and the control one. Conclusions The teaching method of conceptmap orientation can cultivate nursing students' autonomous learning competencies.     

静脉输液采用综合性流程式实验教学提高护生整体能力的研究

Objective To cultivate students the holistic concept of transfusion technique so as to establish the base of systematic integrated nursing concept and scientific work thinking. Methods Using the major item of basic nursing technique, intravenous transfusion,the comprehensive technological process experimental teaching, and implement systematic teaching of comprehensive technological process from order proposal, hypersensitive test, preparation for medication injection, medication infusion were designed to observe and record. The teaching plan was made, and the students were separated into groups. Each group made a comprehensive plan after discussion, and implemented it after checked by the teachers. Results there was no significant difference between operational procedure and finished time (P＞0.05).There was an obviously increase of satisfaction among systematic study consciousness, creative mind and critical thinking (P＜0.05) . Conclusions The experimental teaching of comprehensive technological process from point to area strengthens dimentional thinking of students and cultivates the systematical integrated learning ability of students.     

静脉输液采用综合性流程式实验教学提高护生整体能力的研究

Objective To cultivate students the holistic concept of transfusion technique so as to establish the base of systematic integrated nursing concept and scientific work thinking. Methods Using the major item of basic nursing technique, intravenous transfusion,the comprehensive technological process experimental teaching, and implement systematic teaching of comprehensive technological process from order proposal, hypersensitive test, preparation for medication injection, medication infusion were designed to observe and record. The teaching plan was made, and the students were separated into groups. Each group made a comprehensive plan after discussion, and implemented it after checked by the teachers. Results there was no significant difference between operational procedure and finished time (P＞0.05).There was an obviously increase of satisfaction among systematic study consciousness, creative mind and critical thinking (P＜0.05) . Conclusions The experimental teaching of comprehensive technological process from point to area strengthens dimentional thinking of students and cultivates the systematical integrated learning ability of students.     

多发伤急救护理综合性实验在实习前强化训练中的应用

目的 对多发伤急救护理综合性实验在实习前技能强化训练中的应用效果进行评价.方法将772名学生按每16～18人1组,课前发放综合性实验教学设计,各小组成员共同设计方案、挑选角色、承担任务、自主练习,再在课堂综合演练完成强化训练.结果 94.8%的学生和100.0%的指导教师对在强化训练中开设综合性实验持赞成态度.结论护理综合性实验可缩短临床与教学之间的差距,提高学生的专业能力和综合素质,是深受学生欢迎的实习前技能强化训练教学模式.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive experiments on multiple trauma emergency rescue in intensive training before nursing practice. Methods 772 students were divided into groups, 16 to 18 students in each group,each team distributed teaching notes, designed experiment scheme toget her, selected and played roles, undertook tasks, practiced independently before the class,then performed comprehensive training in class. Results 94.8% of the nursing students and 100.0% of the training teachers supported this method of comprehensive experiments in intensive training. Conclusions Nursing comprehensive experiments can shorten the gap between the clinical practice and class teaching, improve the students' professional ability and general quality. It is a popular education mode on intensive training before clinical practice.     

注重综合能力培养的护理本科生临床实习模式探讨

目的 建立一种有利于提高护理本科生综合能力的临床实习模式.方法 将2009级34名护理本科生设为研究组,采用改进后的临床实习模式实习;将2008级47名护理本科生设为对照组,采用传统实习模式实习,实习结束后比较2组的实习综合成绩和实习满意度.结果 研究组在实习综合成绩和实习满意度方面均高于对照组.结论 改进后的临床实习模式能有效促进护生临床综合能力的提高.

Abstract：

Objective To construct a clinical practice mode of improving comprehensive ability for nursing undergraduates. Methods 34 nursing undergraduates in 2009 were set as the study group, using the improved nursing clinical practice mode; 47 nursing undergraduates in 2008 were set as the control group, using the traditional nursing clinical practice mode. The comprehensive achievements and satisfaction degree with nursing clinical practice were compared after the clinical practice. Results The comprehensive achievements and satisfaction degree with nursing clinical practice of the study group were better than the control group. Conclusions The clinical comprehensive ability of nursing undergraduates was effectively improved by using the new nursing clinical practice mode.     

循证护理在亲体肾移植受者心理护理中的应用

Objective To investigate the psychological status and correlative factors of recipients underwent living relative donor kidney transplantation and explore a scientific and effective nursing intervention.Methods A total of 120 recipients underwent living relative donor kidney transplantation were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. Routine nursing care was used in the control group while the evidence-based mental nursing care was used in the experimental group. The post-operation psychological status and rehabilitation condition of patients between two groups were compared. Results There were significant differences between the two groups in all compared aspects ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Evidence-Based nursing intervention can reduce the occurrence of the post-operation mental disorders and complications for recipients underwent living relative donor kidney transplantation.     

循证护理在亲体肾移植受者心理护理中的应用

Objective To investigate the psychological status and correlative factors of recipients underwent living relative donor kidney transplantation and explore a scientific and effective nursing intervention.Methods A total of 120 recipients underwent living relative donor kidney transplantation were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. Routine nursing care was used in the control group while the evidence-based mental nursing care was used in the experimental group. The post-operation psychological status and rehabilitation condition of patients between two groups were compared. Results There were significant differences between the two groups in all compared aspects ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Evidence-Based nursing intervention can reduce the occurrence of the post-operation mental disorders and complications for recipients underwent living relative donor kidney transplantation.     

临床路径应用于呼吸科护理临床教学的实践和效果

目的 探讨临床路径的理论和方法在呼吸科护理实习生临床教学中的应用,并评价其效果.方法 将2009年、2010年两届来我院实习的护理实习生分为两组:即2009年护生为对照组,2010年护生为实验组.对照组实施传统的教学法,实验组实施临床路径教学法,比较两组理论、操作成绩及对带教方法的满意度.结果 两组护理实习生在出科考核成绩(理论、操作)及对带教方法的满意度等方面比较,实验组均优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 将临床路径应用于护理教学中有助于提高临床护理教学质量.

Abstract：

Objective To probe into application of clinical pathway on clinical nursing teaching in respiratory department and evaluate the effect.Methods The two years of 2009 and 2010 graduate intern nurses were divided into two groups: the former as control group and the latter as experimental group. Control group received traditional teaching, while experimental group accepted clinical pathway teaching. Then the theoretical results, operating results and the satisfaction of teaching were compared between two groups.Results The rotation examination results (theory, operation) and the satisfaction of teaching was better in experimental group compared with those in control group (P<0. 05).Conclusions The clinical pathway applied to nursing teaching may improve clinical nursing teaching quality.     

儿科护理多站式仿真实训教学的实践

目的 探讨多站式仿真实训在儿科护理教学中的应用效果.方法 抽取2008级高职护理1、2班全体学生共101名为试验组.2008级高职护理3、4班学生103名为对照组.试验组采用多站式仿真实训教学,对照组采用传统实训教学.试验后,对两组学生综合技能考核成绩和临床护理综合能力进行比较,并发放自行设计的教学评价调查问卷,对比两组学生对本组教学方法的评价.结果 试验组综合技能考核平均成绩和临床护理综合能力评分高于对照组(P<0.01);试验组对本组教学方法的满意度高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 多站式仿真实训应用于儿科护理教学中,能有效提高学生的学习效果和教学满意度.     

基于工作过程的综合实训教学法在手术室护理强化训练中的应用

目的探讨基于工作过程的综合实训教学法在手术室实习前强化训练中的应用效果。方法抽取2010级护理1班、涉外1班共95人为观察组,采用基于手术室工作过程的综合实训法;2010级护理2班、涉外2班共95人为对照组,采用传统教学法。比较两组理论＋实践＋角色扮演综合评分,并设计问卷调查学生满意度。结果观察组考核成绩为（84．29±7．58）分,对照组考核成绩为（77．55±10．24）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=3．76,P〈0．01）。问卷调查结果提示100．0％的学生接受基于工作过程的综合实训法。结论基于工作过程的综合实训教学法用于实习前强化训练,可缩短与临床手术室护理的差距,可使学生在实习期间尽快适应手术室临床实习工作。     

基于工作过程教学法在综合护理实训课程中的运用

目的 探讨基于工作过程的教学法在定岗前综合护理实训中的应用与效果.方法 在2008级三年制高职护理专业21个班级中随机抽取两个班级为研究对象,试验组51名,对照组50名.对照组运用传统的仿真模拟综合实训教学方法;试验组以病例导入,按照从入院到出院过程对患者实施整体护理,教学中引入基于工作过程教学法.比较两组学生理论成绩、技能操作成绩,对试验组学生进行教学评价问卷调查.结果 试验组学生理论成绩、技能操作成绩好于对照组（P＜0.01）,对教学方法给予肯定.结论 基于工作过程教学法能提高在校生定岗前综合护理实训的教学质量,有助于学生综合素质的培养.     

高职院校护生多元化急救能力培养方法的应用与效果

目的探讨高职院校护生多元化急救能力培养方法的应用效果。方法选取急救护理专业两个班,分为对照组和实验组。对照组采用传统的教材和授课方式,并辅以仿真实践（8学时）进行教学。实验组采用情境案例版教材,使用“任务驱动型”教学,增设仿真演练、多媒体与网络教学,扩大实训基地,增加实训课时,完善评教制度。结果实验组护生理论和实践成绩优于对照组（P〈0．01）,对多元化急救能力培养方法认可（P〈0．01）。结论实施多元化培训方法使护生学习兴趣提高,操作技能增加,综合应急能力显著提升。     

项目教学法在护生教学查房中的应用

[目的]探讨项目教学法在护生教学查房中的应用效果。[方法]随机将60名实习护生分为实验组和对照组各30名,对照组采用传统的教学方法,实验组在传统教学方法的基础上采用项目教学法,对两组教学方法的效果进行比较。[结果]实验组护生在学习兴趣、查阅资料能力、综合分析能力、合作能力和理论知识的能力等方面与对照组比较,均有所提高(P<0.05)。[结论]项目教学法在护理教学查房中的应用效果优于传统教学法,有利于培养护生的学习主动性、创造性,提高护生的学习兴趣。     

任务驱动法在急救护理教学中的实践

目的探讨任务驱动法在急救护理学教学中的应用效果,以提高教学质量。方法整群抽取2003级高职护理3班为试验组,2003级高职护理4班为对照组。试验组采用任务驱动法,对照组采用传统教学法。结果2003级试验组考试成绩明显高于对照组;临床护士对试验组学生急救能力和综合素质评价明显高于对照组。结论任务驱动法应用于急救护理教学中,可激发学生的学习积极性,有利于培养学生的临床思维能力、创新能力、表达能力、应急应变能力,能提高学生的学习效果及综合素质。     

适应就业需求的护理实践教学考核方式的改革研究

[目的]探讨护理实践教学考核方式的改革方法,以提高护生的综合素质,适应护生的就业需求。[方法]以《急危重症护理学》实践教学作为研究课程,将2008级统招护理本科生54人作为对照组,采用传统的考核方式,将2009级统招护理本科生52人作为实验组,采用适应就业需求的考核方式,对两种不同考核方式下的护生综合能力进行比较。[结果]综合评价中实验组护生的软技能、临床实践技能、总评价及各项能力评分均显著高于对照组;在实习2个月后,实验组护生的病人满意度也高于对照组。[结论]适应就业需求的护理实践教学考核方式,能提高护生的综合素质,满足护生就业的需求。     

基于工作过程的高职护理学生“三站式”用药护理实训模式

目的 探索一种基于护士工作过程的用药护理实训模式.方法在护理专业2009级101名学生(试验组)中实行用药护理“药房-急诊室-护士站”的实训模式,在护理专业2008级97名学生(对照组)中实施传统的实验教学模式.比较两组学生用药护理的知识与技能掌握情况,并对试验组学生和带教教师进行问卷调查.结果 试验组学生考核成绩平均分和优秀率显著高于对照组(P＜0.01);试验组中,90％以上的学生和94％以上的带教教师认可“三站式”实训模式,认为其能营造职业氛围,激发学习兴趣,提升多重职业技能.结论 “三站式”实训模式能有效接轨护理岗位需求,提高学习兴趣和教学效果,是一种较好的用药护理实训模式.     

发展性教学评价在护理本科学生实习前技能培训中的应用

目的 探讨发展性教学评价在护理本科生实习前技能操作培训中的应用效果.方法 将2008级103名护理本科生作为试验组,2007级105名护理本科生作为对照组.对照组采用常规的教学评价,试验组采用发展性教学评价.比较两组学生的操作考试成绩,并对试验组学生进行问卷调查.结果 试验组、对照组学生操作考试成绩分别为(86.39±5.91)分和(83.08±6.43)分,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 发展性教学评价有助于调动护理本科生的学习积极性,提高综合能力.     

急危重症护理方向男生辅助急救护理学实训教学的效果

目的以急救护理学实训课为基点,开展男生辅助教学,评价辅助教学对急危重症(EICU)方向男生急救知识和技能、对护理专业的认识等方面影响。方法选取2008级五年制EICU方向27名男生为试验组,选取2007级五年制护理本科25名男生为对照组。试验组男生在急救护理学实训课开课前半学期,通过多种方式强化院前急救知识和技能,经过统一备课后,在开课后进行辅助教学;对照组采用传统教师示教教学。结果试验组男生急救技能及理论考核成绩优秀率均高于对照组(P<0.05);参与辅助教学前后,男生在是否接受自己学习护理专业,毕业后是否从事护理工作,学习护理专业是否有自卑感,对护理技能的性别认识、是否喜欢护理专业课程等方面,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论辅助教学可提高EICU方向男生的急救知识和技能,改善对护理专业的认识。