注意缺陷多动障碍儿童共病的临床调查

目的 了解注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童的共患病情况.方法 对75例在门诊以美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第四版(DSM-IV)诊断标准确诊为ADHD的患儿,采用DSM-IV中对立违抗(ODD)诊断标准,儿童感觉统合量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、学习障碍筛查量表进行共患病筛查,其中45例给予治疗4周后,采用IOWA Conners量表疗效评定.结果 ADHD与感觉统合失调共病率为62.7%,与对立违抗共病率为34.6%,与焦虑障碍共病率为10.6%,与抑郁障碍共病率为20.0%,与抽动障碍共病率为26.7%,与学习障碍共病率为44.0%.75例ADHD患儿中合并一种或一种以上共患病占81.3%,无共患病的仅为18.7%.其中感觉统合障碍与情绪障碍比例较高,而且影响了治疗疗效.结论 ADHD患儿合并共患病比例较高,在临床工作中应给予足够重视,注意检查及治疗共患病.     

惠州市儿童注意缺陷多动障碍共患病现状调查

目的：了解惠州市注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）共患病的发病情况。方法对符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第4版）》（DSM －Ⅳ）诊断的 ADHD 儿童及青少年采用韦氏智力测定、Achenbach 儿童行为量表、Conner′s 儿童行为量表、对立违抗诊断量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、学习障碍筛查量表进行 ADHD 共患病调查。结果ADHD 共患其他精神障碍性疾病152例,共患率61.3％,男女比例6.6∶1。其中共患对立违抗性障碍79例（31.9％）,品行障碍14例（5.6％）,焦虑障碍22例（8.9％）,心境障碍23例（9.3％）,抽动障碍38例（15.3％）,学习困难98例（39.5％）。共患焦虑障碍女童多于男童,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。共患其他精神障碍疾病男女差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。学习困难共患率6～11岁组明显低于12～16岁组（P ＜0.05）。结论对立违抗性障碍和学习困难的共病率最高,应该重点防治。 ADHD 共患学习困难的儿童应该及早控制核心症状。     

注意缺陷多动障碍患儿个性自我意识及感觉统合相关分析

目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿的个性、自我意识及感觉统合能力及其相关性。方法使用Con-ners简明量表、DSM-IV标准、艾森克个性问卷(儿童版)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表和儿童感觉统合发展评定量表分别对47例ADHD患儿及47例正常儿童,进行EPQ个性、自我意识和感觉统合能力的测定。结果ADHD患儿个性中P维度、N维度得分明显高于对照组,(P值分别为0.003和0.000),E维度得分低于对照组(P=0.04),差异有统计学意义。ADHD组患儿自我意识低下、感觉统合功能明显失调,各因子得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义。个性、自我意识与感觉统合有不同程度的相关性。结论ADHD患儿个性特征具有异质性,内向,情绪不稳定,自我意识水平低下,感觉统合功能失调,个性、自我意识与感觉统合有不同程度的相关性。     

ADHD患儿伴不同程度感觉统合失调影响因素分析

目的研究注意缺陷多动障碍(AttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,ADHD)患儿的感觉统合失调率及不同程度感觉统合失调的影响因素。方法采用儿童感觉统合能力发展评定量表和自拟儿童生长发育及家庭环境因素调查表对儿科神经专科门诊ADHD患儿进行感觉统合能力评定和影响因素分析,同时采用Rutter儿童行为评定量表、瑞文测验联合型(CombinedRaven’sTest,CRT)了解患儿的行为问题和智力情况。结果ADHD患儿的感觉统合失调率为98.26%,且以中重度为多(占83.68%),单因素分析表明,感觉统合失调程度主要影响因素与儿童学习成绩,智商,伙伴关系,母亲文化程度,家庭气氛等有关。结论ADHD患儿的感觉统合失调发生率较高,且失调程度是多因素相互作用的结果。     

沈阳市综合医院门诊患者中焦虑障碍的人口学特征与共病情况分析

目的了解沈阳地区综合医院门诊病人中焦虑障碍的人口学特征及共病情况·方法分层随机抽23家综合医院,共调查6900例年龄≥15岁的内科门诊病人和中医科门诊病人·由调查员使用一般健康问卷(GHQ—12)筛查。然后由精神科医生根据美国精神障碍诊断标准(DSM-IV)对筛选阳性和10%筛选阴性者进行定式检查而做出诊断·结果年龄较大(>45岁)、女性、离退休患者是焦虑障碍的易患病人群。而男性、高学历(大学本科以上)的患者的患病率明显低于其他人群。广泛焦虑障碍与心境障碍的共病率为61·94%,未特定焦虑障碍与心境障碍的共病率为48·82%,强迫症与心境障碍共病率为37·5%。结论抑郁障碍和焦虑障碍的共病较为普遍。     

NJ22儿童注意力测试分析仪在诊断儿童ADHD中的应用

目的 观察NJ22儿童注意力测试分析仪应用在诊断儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍( ADHD)患儿中的灵敏度和特异度. 方法 应用NJ22儿童注意力测试分析仪对来诊儿童进行测试,与Conners父母量表、DSM-IV、ADHD评估表结果对比分析,并进行注意力4个维度的测试. 结果 ADHD儿童与正常儿童相比其注意力的稳定性、广度性、分配性、转移性均有显著差异,诊断的灵敏度为95%,特异度为90%. 结论 NJ22注意力测试分析仪在诊断ADHD方面敏感性、特异性较高,作为一种辅助诊断和筛查儿童是否患有ADHD的相对客观的检查手段,为ADHD患儿的个体化康复训练指明了方向.     

中医辨证治疗注意缺陷多动障碍共患对立违抗障碍疗效观察

注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD),又名儿童多动症,以注意缺陷、多动不宁、冲动任性为主要表现,是最常见的儿童行为异常疾病.近年来研究发现该病与对立违抗性障碍(oppositional defiant disorder,ODD)、品行障碍、抽动障碍、情绪障碍等其他行为精神疾病有很强的共患病倾向,据报道高达50%的ADHD共患ODD[1].     

伴对立违抗障碍的注意缺陷多动障碍儿童行为特征

目的 了解注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)及伴对立违抗障碍(ODD)患儿的行为特点.方法 采用二阶段流行病学调查方法,对湖南省六地区9495名儿童用半定式诊断检查表(K-SADS-PL)和DSMⅣ诊断标准进行临床诊断.凡符合ADHD和ADHD+ODD诊断标准的儿童由父母填写Achenbach儿童行为量表.从筛查阴性者中随机抽取正常对照组儿童.结果 (1)单纯ADHD组、ADHD+ODD组CBCL各行为问题得分高于正常儿童对照组(P<0.01),ADHD+ODD组的违纪问题[(4.10±3.17)分,(2.68±2.63)分]、攻击行为[(8.80±6.34)分,(6.85±5.69)分]、外向性问题[(12.90±9.09)分,(9.54±7.88)分]、行为问题总分[(36.39±25.59),(30.35±24.32)]高于ADHD组.(2)ADHD组各社会能力得分低于正常儿童对照组(P<0.01),ADHD+ODD组学校分及社会能力总分低于正常儿童对照组(P<0.01).结论 ADHD患儿行为问题的发生高于正常儿童,合并ODD的ADHD患儿行为问题更加严重.     

76例注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的感觉统合功能分析

目的探讨儿童注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）不同亚型的感觉统合功能水平及差异。方法将符合症状诊断标准的ADHD儿童进行感觉统合功能量表评定,分析ADHD儿童的感觉统合能力及发展水．平。结果ADHD儿童感觉统合功能失调率为65．8％（76／50）,其中严重失调34．2％、轻度失调31．5％。三种亚型ADHD儿童的感觉统合失调率无明显差异（P〉0．05）。感觉统合功能失调以前庭平衡及大脑双侧分化情况失调较为严重占76．3％,发育性运动功能的失调排第二位为65．8％,学习情况状况失调排第三位为63．2％,本体感觉和身体协调功能失调最轻为28．9％。结论ADHD儿童存在不同程度的感觉统合功能失调障碍,主要以前庭平衡及大脑双侧分化情况、发育性运动功能和学习情况状况失调为主。     

宜兴市4185名小学生注意缺陷多动障碍流行病学调查

目的 调查宜兴市小学生注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的流行情况和严重程度。方法 使用SNAP-Ⅳ量表对宜兴市4 185名小学生进行筛查。结果 205名小学生(4.89%)符合ADHD诊断标准,男女比为1.97:1注意缺陷型、多动-冲动型和混合型3类亚型流行率分别为2.9%、0.4%、1.7%;不同性别小学生在注意力缺陷、多动-冲动、对立违抗得分差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05);ADHD各亚型和正常儿童的注意缺陷和多动冲动症状表现差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05);ADHD各亚型男女童的症状严重程度差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论宜兴市小学生ADHD患病率较低,3类亚型儿童行为表现各有特点,在教育和临床治疗中同样需要得到重视。女童患病率虽低于男童,但二者症状严重程度相同,因此应重视ADHD女童的诊断和治疗。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.