进取豁达问卷编制与评价

目的 初步编制进取豁达问卷,评价其信度和效度.方法 在根据前期研究、查阅相关文献、专题小组讨论和问卷调查的基础上初步形成进取豁达问卷的理论结构,运用探索性因素分析、主成分分析和信效度检验方法对广东省1656例被试的进取豁达心理行为特点进行了分析,验证该问卷理论结构的合理性.结果 进取豁达问卷由积极进取和豁达宽容2个因子共23个条目组成,累积贡献率为41.836％;2个因子和总问卷的Cronbach＇s α系数分别为0.812、0.808和0.803,分半信度均为0.861,重测信度分别为0.825、0783和0.710;参照16PF人格问卷的敢为性因子和稳定性因子的校标效度为0.623和0.728,该问卷具有较好的信度和效度.结论 初步完成进取豁达问卷的编制,且验证性分析证明该问卷具较好的信度和效度.     

负性认知加工偏向问卷的研制

目的 研制负性认知加工偏向问卷,并对编制问卷的信效度加以检验.方法 以贝克负性认知加工偏向理论为依据,通过文献分析、问卷调查、个人访谈、小组讨论等方式确定问卷的初始项目,然后对638名大学生被试进行预测,并根据结果对项目进行修订.然后对社会层面不同职业的2 101人进行问卷调查,并随机分为样本1(n=1 050)和样本2(n=1 051),样本1数据进行项目分析、探索性因素分析,样本2数据进行验证性因素分析.最后运用2 101人的总体数据进行信度检验.结果 问卷包括4个维度:负性注意偏向、负性记忆偏向、负性解释偏向、负性沉思偏向;探索性因素分析结果显示4个维度共可解释总问卷50.152％的变异;四维度模型拟合度良好(x2/df=3.321,GFI=0.948,AGFI=0.934,NFI=0.886,CFI =0.917,RMSEA=0.047);Cronbachα系数为0.893,分半信度系数为0.866,校标效度分别为0.395(与贝克抑郁自评量表)、0.548(与功能失调性态度问卷);各因素与总分之间呈显著正相关(r为0.769 ～0.828,P＜0.01).结论 负性认知加工偏向问卷具有良好的信效度,可以对正常人的负性认知加工偏向进行测量.     

杜克健康问卷信度和效度的初步研究

目的研究杜克健康问卷(Duke Health Profile, THE DUKE)对心理咨询门诊病人初步应用的信度和效度.方法以上海精神卫生中心心理咨询门诊的病人为研究对象,由专业护士指导自评.信度评定用Cronbach α值表示量表的内部一致性,复测信度评定间隔两周;用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)作为效标测验平行效度.结果THE DUKE总体α值0.66;躯体、心理、社会、焦虑和抑郁各分量表的α值分别为0.61、0.52、0.25、0.51和0.60; THE DUKE的躯体、心理、社会、焦虑和抑郁与健康自测问卷中生理、心理、社会及SAS、SDS的相关系数分别是0.332、0.548、0.277、-0.395、-0.562(P＜0.01).结论THE DUKE对心理咨询门诊病人有良好的信度和效度,简单实用有进一步研究和推广的价值.     

医院焦虑抑郁量表对冠心病患者的适用性研究

目的:评价中文版"医院焦虑抑郁量表"(HADS)在冠心病患者中应用时的信度和效度。方法:采用方便抽样的方法抽取154例冠心病患者对问卷的内部一致性及结构效度进行评价,其中46例患者在2周后重新应用问卷收集资料,进行重测信度的评价。结果:中文版HADS在冠心患者中应用,其内部一致性及重测信度均可接受,问卷总体和焦虑、抑郁2个亚量表的Cronbach’α分别为0.85、0.79和0.80,重测信度系数(ICC)分别为0.92、0.91和0.88。中文版HADS中的各条目与总量表和各自所归属的相关亚量表具有显著相关性(r>0.40,P<0.01)。因子分析结果提示中文版HADS在冠心病患者中应用时,其因素结构与原英文量表有一定差异,包括3个因素,即抑郁(Depression)、精神性焦虑(Psychic Anxiety)和精神运动性焦虑(Psychomotor Anxiety)。结论:中文版HADS可作为医护人员量化评估冠心病患者焦虑和抑郁的心理评估量表,可作为冠心病患者焦虑抑郁筛查的较为可靠工具。     

住院患者心理评定量表的初步编制

目的 初步编制一个适合中国社会文化背景、符合心理测量学要求的简易住院患者心理状况评定量表.方法 以应激相关理论为基础在文献分析及访谈的基础上构建了住院患者心理评定量表的理论因子及初步的预测试进行条目筛选.对长沙市600名住院患者测试及信效度分析.结果 住院患者心理评定量表包括恐惧、焦虑、抑郁、愤怒和认知功能五个因子共35个条目,量表的Cronbach's α系数、分半相关信度及重测信度分别为0.941,0.902和0.851.各因子与总分间的相关系数为0.643～0.903.且相关均具有显著性(P<0.01),PSI总分与SCL-90的相关系数为0.732.结论 该量表各项信效度指标基本达到了心理测量学要求,可以作为评定住院患者心理状况的测评工具.     

青年军人精神分裂症前驱期症状筛查问卷的编制及其信、效度检验

目的 编制1个适合筛查青年军人精神分裂前驱期状态的问卷,并检验其信度和效度.方法 在文献研究、专家讨论的基础上,编制精神分裂前驱期症状筛查问卷的初测版.进行小样本试测,经讨论分析形成正式版问卷.采取整群抽样的方法,抽取2 500名战士和军校大学生完成了本问卷和PQ-16量表.间隔8周抽取100人进行重测.对所得2 143份有效问卷的数据进行描述性统计和结构分析,并检验问卷的信、效度.结果 探索性因素分析得到认知改变、行为改变、社会功能改变、人格改变4个因素,因素负荷值在0.291 ～0.578.问卷的内部一致性信度0.957 (P ＜0.05),重测信度0.884(P ＜0.01),与PQ-16相关系数为0.830(P ＜0.05).结论 所编制的精神分裂前驱期症状筛查问卷具有良好的信、效度,可用于青年军人心理健康状态的筛查.     

慢性脑卒中患者生活质量评估工具的研究

对自编的“慢性脑卒中患者生活质量评估问卷”进行心理测量学检验。方法根据问卷编制方法进行条目选择、预试验、条目筛选。正式问卷包括躯体、心理、社会功能、症状４个维度共６３个条目。对８９名脑卒中患者治疗前后一个月的生活质量进行二次测评。结果该问卷的信度、效度与敏感性均在心理测量学接受的水平。结论该问卷可以作为慢性脑卒中患者生活质量研究的评估工具使用     

《老人选择卫生服务能力评估问卷》的信度、效度研究

目的:对《老年人选择卫生服务能力评估问卷》的信度、效度进行评估。方法使用自制的《老人选择卫生服务能力评估问卷》，用心理测量学评估问卷的方法量化评估老人是否具有自己选择提供卫生服务的能力，由两位评估员间隔24h分别独立评估，对问卷进行一致性分析评估其信度；用因子分析、与其他评估方法的相关因素分析、与经验评估测评结果分析来评估其效度。结果该问卷两次复测得分的相关系数为0、87，单向盲法由两位评测者分别评估得分相关系数为0．89，内部一致性检验，问卷各部位的α系数均大于0，87，整体α系数为0，90；抽取4个因子进行效度检验，贡献率累计为67.46％；与MMSE相关系数为0.76，与IADL相关系数为0.28；问卷得分与经验评估相关系数为0．48，诊断符合率为73、3％。结论:问卷务目具有良好的同质性和鉴别效度；问卷结构分布较为合理，内部一致性及稳定性较好，符合心理测量学的要求；测验结果与相关测量工具和经验评估结果具有较好的一致性，该问卷可以作为评估老人是否具有选择提供卫生服务机构能力时使用。     

认知情绪调节问卷维文版在医学院校大学生中的信效度研究

目的 评估认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)维文版在医学院校维吾尔族大学生中的信度和效度.方法 2014年331名维吾尔族医学大学生完成认知性情绪调节问卷,进行量表的内部一致性和验证性因素分析.结果 CERQ全量表的α系数为0.88,9个分量表的α系数在0.57~0.89之间;全量表的分半信度系数为0.70,9个分量表的分半信度系数为0.57~0.89.验证性因子分析结果显示CFI=O.93,IFI=0.93,NNFI=0.92,RMSEA=0.06.结论 CERQ的信度与效度都达到了心理测量学要求,能够有效地评估维吾尔族大学生的认知情绪调节策略.     

心境焦虑问卷维文版在医学院校大学生中的信效度研究

目的 评估心境焦虑问卷维文版在医学院校维吾尔族大学生中的信度和效度.方法 选择335名维吾尔族医学大学生完成心境焦虑问卷,进行量表的内部一致性和验证性因素分析.结果 心境与焦虑症状问卷(MASQ-SF)全量表的α系数为0.92,4个分量表的α系数在0.81~0.92之间;全量表的分半信度系数为0.76,4个分量表的分半信度系数为0.81~0.91.验证性因子分析结果显示CFI=O.92,IFI=0.92,NNFI=0.92,RMSEA=0.07.结论 MASQ-SF的信度与效度达到了心理测量学要求,能够有效的评估维吾尔族大学生的焦虑抑郁水平.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.