地佐辛不同给药方式对瑞芬太尼麻醉效果影响

目的研究地佐辛不同给药方式对瑞芬太尼复合麻醉术后苏醒期拔管及镇痛镇静效果的影响。方法选取2015年1月~2016年4月我院接收的68例择期行腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为A、B两组,每组34例。所有研究对象均给予瑞芬太尼复合麻醉;A组患者于手术结束前30 min给予0.2 mg/kg地佐辛肌肉注射;B组患者于手术结束前30 min给予0.2 mg/kg地佐辛静脉注射。比较两组患者不同时间点(苏醒时及苏醒后1 h、2 h、4 h)的疼痛程度,术后躁动评分及镇痛满意度等镇静镇痛指标。结果与B组患者比较,A组患者苏醒时及苏醒后1 h、2 h及4 h疼痛程度较低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。与B组比较,A组患者躁动评分降低,拔管、清醒时间及手术后呼吸恢复时间缩短,恶心呕吐、低血压等不良反应发生率以及丙泊酚应用率降低,镇痛满意率升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肌肉注射地佐辛有助于减轻瑞芬太尼复合麻醉手术患者浅麻或者麻醉消失后疼痛对机体的刺激及苏醒期躁动发生,相较于静脉注射镇痛镇静效果更佳。     

地佐辛防治瑞芬太尼麻醉术后痛觉过敏的观察

目的观察地佐辛防治瑞芬太尼麻醉术后痛觉过敏的效果。方法 60例ASAI-Ⅱ级行择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者,随机分为两组：地佐辛组（A组）和对照组（B组）,均采用静脉复合麻醉,术中持续泵入丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼,间断给予维库溴铵维持麻醉。A组于手术结束前30min静脉注射地佐辛0.1mg/kg,B组不予静脉注射地佐辛。观察两组自主呼吸恢复时间、意识恢复时间和拔管时间,并对术后疼痛进行VRS评分。结果两组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、意识恢复时间、拔管时间无显著差异（P〉0.05）,A组患者VRS评分明显低于B组（P〈0.01）。结论手术结束前30min静脉注射地佐辛0.1mg/kg能有效防治瑞芬太尼麻醉术后痛觉过敏。     

舒芬太尼和地佐辛预防瑞芬太尼麻醉后疼痛过敏效果比较

目的：比较舒芬太尼和地佐辛预防妇科腹腔镜手术瑞芬太尼复合麻醉术后疼痛过敏的临床疗效。方法选取行妇科腹腔镜手术的患者60例。随机分为舒芬太尼组（A组）、地佐辛组（B组）和空白对照组（C组），每组20例。A组和B组分别于手术结束前30 min静脉滴注舒芬太尼（0.05μg／kg）和地佐辛（0.1 mg／kg），60例患者均为结束手术前10 min停止泵注丙泊酚和吸入七氟烷，结束手术立即停止泵入瑞芬太尼，记录并比较3组患者的手术时间、手术停止至恢复自主呼吸及意识的时间、手术停止至拔除气管导管的时间；3组患者于拔管即刻(T 1)、拔管后10 min（T 2）及拔管后60min（T3）的镇静评分（Ramsay）、视觉模拟评分（VAS）；以及3组患者拔管后的恶心、呕吐及躁动等不良反应的发生例数。结果 A、B、C 3组患者的恢复自主呼吸时间、恢复意识时间和拔除气管导管时间差异无统计学意义。A、B组术后发生中等和严重疼痛的患者比例各占（0%、5%）明显低于C组（40%）(P<0.05)；B组发生恶心8例、呕吐9例(各占40%、45%)，高于A组（5%、10%）、C组（15%、10%），差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；C组的躁动发生率（60%）明显高于A组（5%）、B组（5%），差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论手术结束前30min静脉滴注舒芬太尼（0.05μg/kg）和地佐辛（0.1mg/kg），均能够有效预防妇科腹腔镜瑞芬太尼所引起的术后疼痛过敏，但地佐辛的恶心呕吐的发生率较高。     

喷他佐辛对瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉全麻患者苏醒后痛觉过敏的影响

目的 观察喷他佐辛对瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉全麻患者苏醒后痛觉过敏的效果影响,评价其镇痛的有效性和安全性.方法 选择丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼静脉全麻下择期行妇科腹腔镜手术患者60例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ,随机分为3组:A组手术结束前45 min肌肉注射喷他佐辛0.5 mg/kg;B组手术结束前45 min肌肉注射喷他佐辛1 mg/kg;C组(对照组)手术结束前15 min静脉注射芬太尼1μg/kg.观察患者的苏醒时间,苏醒后即刻与苏醒后1,2 h的VAS评分、Ramsay评分,呼吸抑制的发生率,恶心呕吐及瘙痒的发生率,血流动力学参数值变化.结果 (1)3组患者的手术时间差异无显著性(P>0.05);(2)与C组相比,A组在苏醒时间、苏醒后即刻的Ramsay评分等指标明显占优(P<0.05),B组在苏醒后2 h的VAS评分优于C组(P<0.05),而呼吸抑制的发生率则高于C组(P<0.05).(3)A组在T0时呼吸抑制的发生率明显低于B,C两组.结论 喷他佐辛可安全、有效地预防丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼静脉全麻后痛觉过敏的发生,以0.5 mg/kg的剂量于手术结束前45 min肌肉注射,不延迟患者苏醒,术后镇痛效果较好,未见呼吸抑制发生.     

帕瑞昔布钠对复合瑞芬太尼全麻妇科腹腔镜手术术后急性疼痛和痛觉过敏的影响

目的 观察不同时点给予帕瑞昔布钠对复合瑞芬太尼全麻的妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后急性疼痛及痛觉过敏的影响.方法 60例ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级患者随机分为3组:帕瑞昔布钠术前给药组(A组)、帕瑞昔布钠术后给药组(B组)、芬太尼术后给药组(C组).记录患者入室时(Ta)、术毕停药5 min后(Tb)及拔管后即刻(Tc)的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR),记录拔管后1 min (T1)、拔管后30 min(T2)、拔管后1 h(T3)、拔管后2h(T4)的口述分级法(VRS)痛觉评分,并记录患者睁眼、拔管时间及行镇痛补救措施和不良反应的例数.结果 3组患者Tb、Tc的MAP、HR均较Ta高,尤以B组为著(P＜0.05).C组睁眼时间和拔管时间均明显较A组和B组延长.VRS痛觉评分:T1时点B组较A组、C组高(P＜0.05),T4时点C组较A组、B组高(P＜0.05).镇痛补救措施的例数:T0(麻醉复苏期间拔管前)、T1时点:B组较A组和C组多(P ＜0.05);T4时点:C组较A组和B组多(P＜0.05).B组术后躁动的发生率较A组和C组高(P＜0.05),C组术后呼吸抑制和恶心呕吐的发生率较A组和B组高(P＜0.05).结论 术前使用帕瑞昔布钠40 mg可有效缓解复合瑞芬太尼全麻的妇科腹腔镜手术术后急性疼痛及瑞芬太尼引起的痛觉过敏.     

地佐辛抑制瑞芬太尼致术后痛觉过敏临床观察

目的:比较地佐辛、芬太尼对瑞芬太尼致术后痛觉过敏的影响,并评价地佐辛镇痛的有效性和安全性。方法:腹腔镜下妇科手术患者40例,随机分为2组:地佐辛组(D组)和芬太尼组(F组),均采用全静脉麻醉,靶控输注瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚,间断静脉注射顺阿曲库铵维持麻醉。术毕冲洗腹腔准备关腹时,D组静脉注射地佐辛0.1 mg/kg,F组静脉注射芬太尼2μg/kg。记录麻醉前(T0)、苏醒时(T1)、苏醒后1 h(T2)、苏醒后6 h(T3)时点的VAS评分、Ramsay评分及血压(BP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2),同时记录各组苏醒时间、拔管时间、要求镇痛距术毕时间及呼吸抑制、恶心、呕吐等不良反应的发生率。结果:2组患者苏醒时间和拔管时间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),而D组患者要求镇痛距术毕时间明显长于F组(P0.01)。D组在T1、T2和T3时点的Ramsay评分均优于F组(P0.01),T3时点的VAS评分优于F组(P0.01)。D组呼吸抑制、恶心和呕吐的发生率与F组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:地佐辛较芬太尼能更安全、有效地预防瑞芬太尼致术后痛觉过敏的发生。     

地佐辛对丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉下食管癌根治术患者苏醒期躁动的影响

目的探讨地佐辛防治丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全麻下食管癌根治术患者术后躁动的有效性与安全性。方法 60例行食管癌根治术患者随机均分为生理盐水组(N组)和地佐辛组(D组)。持续静脉输注丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼并间断静脉注射维库溴铵维持麻醉,2组分别于手术结束前1 h静脉注射生理盐水1 ml和地佐辛5 mg。观察苏醒期的躁动情况,记录自主呼吸恢复及拔管时间,拔管即刻(T1)、拔管后30 min(T2)和60 min(T3)时平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)和脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2),VAS、Ramsay评分以及恶心、呕吐和眩晕的发生率。结果 D组术后躁动发生率和躁动程度以及MAP、HR(T1、T2)、VAS评分(T1～T3)和Ramsay评分(T1、T2)显著低于N组(P0.01);2组自主呼吸恢复和拔管时间、SpO2和不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论地佐辛能安全有效地预防丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全麻下食管癌根治术患者术后躁动的发生。     

喷他佐辛预注射对瑞芬太尼麻醉后早期疼痛的影响

目的观察喷他佐辛预注射对瑞芬太尼麻醉后早期疼痛的影响。方法选择ASAⅠ、Ⅱ级拟行中下腹部手术患者120例,随机分为3组,每组40例。对照组:手术结束前10min停止输注丙泊酚,手术结束即停止输注瑞芬太尼;喷他佐辛Ⅰ组:手术结束前10min静脉注射喷他佐辛0.25mg/kg;喷他佐辛Ⅱ组:手术结束前10min静脉注射喷他佐辛0.5mg/kg,丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼停药时间与对照组相同。观察3组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间,苏醒后5、10、20min疼痛评分情况。结果喷他佐辛Ⅰ组患者呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间和拔管时间与对照组相比略有延长,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。喷他佐辛Ⅱ组上述时间与对照组相比明显延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。苏醒后5、10、20min疼痛评分喷他佐辛Ⅰ组患者与对照组相比有所降低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);喷他佐辛Ⅱ组各时间点疼痛评分与对照组和喷他佐辛Ⅰ组相比则明显降低(P<0.05)。结论喷他佐辛预注射可以预防瑞芬太尼麻醉后的早期疼痛。     

不同用药方式用于无痛人流手术麻醉的对比观察

目的:对比研究丙泊酚、丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚复合地佐辛3种不同用药方式用于无痛人流手术麻醉的安全性和有效性。方法:120例人工流产手术患者,随机分A(丙泊酚组)、B(丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼组)、C组(丙泊酚复合地佐辛)3组,A组、B组、C组各4O例。并观察这3组药物麻醉在无痛人流术不同时点对病人MAP、HR、SpO2的影响、术后镇痛效果及不良反应的发生。结果:和A组比较,B、C组患者异丙酚的用量减少,注射痛发生率降低,苏醒时间缩短。与A、B2组比较,C组术中循环平稳,低氧血症发生率低,术后宫缩痛VAS评分较低。结论:地佐辛复合丙泊酚用于无痛人流手术的麻醉镇痛效果好、术中生命体征较平稳、呼吸抑制轻微、术后恢复迅速,且能有效地抑制人工流产术后的子宫收缩痛,可安全、有效应用于无痛人流术。     

丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼靶控输注对腹腔镜胆囊切除术老年患者血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼靶控输注(TCI)对腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)老年患者血流动力学的影响,旨在为LC临床麻醉提供参考。方法:选取择期LC患者98例,按照随机数字表法分为A、B两组,每组49例。A组采用丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼持续静脉泵入,B组采用丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼TCI技术。比较两组手术及术后恢复情况,诱导前(T_0)、诱导后气管插管前(T_1)、插管后即刻(T_2)、气腹前(T_3)、气腹后5 min(T_4)及拔管后5 min(T_5)各时点的血流动力学参数,包括收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、经皮脉搏氧饱和度(SpO_2);记录丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼的用量,记录术后1、4、8、24 h视觉模拟评分(VAS)。结果:两组患者均按原定计划顺利完成手术,无中转开腹患者。B组自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间均少于A组(P0.05)。与T_0比较,T_1时两组SBP、DBP、HR、MAP均一过性降低(P0.05),至T_2、T_4时均显著升高(P0.05),至T_3、T_5时基本恢复至T0水平(P0.05)。B组T_2时点SBP、DBP、HR、MAP,T_3时点MAP,T_4时点HR、MAP均低于A组(P0.05)。B组术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼均少于A组(t=3.73、3.69,P0.05);B组术后1、4、8、24 h的VAS评分均低于A组相应时点水平(P0.05)。结论:丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼TCI用于LC老年患者具有较为满意的麻醉镇痛效果及协同作用,患者血流动力学比较稳定,为LC手术的顺利实施提供了保障,术后意识状态恢复迅速,且疼痛轻微,优于异丙酚与瑞芬太尼持续静脉泵入。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.