国际体力活动问卷在高血压患者中应用的信度与效度检验

目的 测量国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)在高血压患者中的信度与效度.方法 采用IPAQ与PA日记2次测量高血压患者的体力活动状况,分析IPAQ的信度与效度.结果 IPAQ在不同强度、不同类型的高血压患者间体力活动的重测系数具有相关性,组内相关系数在0.60～0.82.PA日记中不同强度体力活动能量消耗、总体力活动能量消耗与IPAQ问卷的各维度存在相关性,第一次测量的Spearman相关系数在0.27～0.61,第二次在0.28～0.58.结论 IPAQ中文版信度与效度较好,适用于评价高血压患者的体力活动水平.     

中文版疾病感知问卷简化版在女性乳腺癌患者中的信效度检验

目的评价中文版疾病感知问卷简化版在女性乳腺癌患者中应用的信度和效度。方法采用中文版疾病感知问卷、心理一致感量表对安徽省某2家三级甲等医院300名女性乳腺癌患者进行问卷调查,分析量表的信度和效度。结果中文版疾病感知问卷简化版Cronbach’sα信度系数为0.77,折半信度为0.81;各条目与量表总分之间的相关系数在0.306~0.832,且差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);中文版疾病感知问卷简化版量表总分与心理一致感量表总分的Pearson相关系数为-0.671(P0.01);因子分析提取的3个公因子共同解释了74.391%的总方差。结论中文版疾病感知问卷简化版具有较好的信度和效度,适合在女性乳腺癌患者人群中应用。     

中文版护士职业自我概念问卷信效度研究

目的:探讨开发建立用于度量我国护士职业自我概念的中文版量表。方法:在翻译Cowin LS教授编制的护士自我概念问卷的基础上通过咨询5名专家和调查220名护士,分析评价问卷的信度和效度。结果:中文版护士职业自我概念问卷具有较好的表面效度、内部效度;内容效度各个条目与总分及所属维度得分呈相关性(P<0.01);结构效度各维度得分之间存在相关性(P<0.01)。结论:中文版护士自我概念问卷具有很好的信度和效度,该量表可用于评价国内护士的职业自我概念水平。     

中文版认知融合问卷在乳腺癌人群中的信效度研究

目的在乳腺癌人群中应用中文版认知融合问卷(CFQ)并检测其信效度,为未来研究的开展提供科学依据。方法用中文版认知融合问卷(CFQ)对110例乳腺癌确诊患者进行调查,对测量数据进行信度和效度分析。结果中文版认知融合问卷(CFQ)总量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.898;重测信度系数为0.986,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);Pearson相关分析结果显示各条目和量表的总得分相关系数(r)在0.618～0.809之间,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);高分组与低分组得分差异有统计学意义(t=16.394,P0.01),具有良好的鉴别效度。结论中文版认知融合问卷(CFQ)在乳腺癌人群中的信效度较好,可用于评估乳腺癌患者认知融合水平。     

国际体力活动问卷在围绝经期女性的适用性研究

目的:应用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)对围绝经期女性运动水平进行测定,探讨其信效度水平。方法:采用便利抽样的方法选取符合条件的天津市168名围绝经期女性进行问卷调查,7天后再次填写问卷测定问卷的重测信度。并选择其中86名在两次问卷填写期间连续佩戴欧姆龙计步器7天,测定问卷的效标效度。结果:量表总重测信度Pearson相关系数为0.879,其中步行0.737,中度体力活动0.255,重度体力活动0.943,静坐0.736。总体效标效度Spearman秩相关系数为0.921,其中步行、中度、重度体力活动、静坐的相关系数分别为0.598,0.550,0.403,-0.322;调整年龄、身高、体重后测量值分别为0.583,0.348,0.541,-0.335。结论:国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)具有良好的信效度,可用于对围绝经期女性体力活动情况的评价与测量。     

中文版孕期身体活动问卷信效度评定

目的 探讨中文版孕期身体活动问卷(Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire,PPAQ)在孕妇孕期身体活动状况评定中的信、效度.方法 首先通过系统的翻译、修订、回译、专家函询,将英文版PPAQ引入、修订,确立中文版PPAQ问卷的内容和条目,并进行效度检验;然后对30例孕妇进行问卷调查,同时佩戴Live Pod-02型智能人体运动能耗仪7d,然后再次填写问卷,用两种方式评定、测量孕妇在1周内的能量消耗,进行相关性分析,以测定该工具的信度.结果 中文版PPAQ有31个条目,其表面效度较高,内容效度为0.940;问卷重测信度为0.944,问卷与能耗仪测量相关系数为0.768 (P＜0.01).结论 中文版PPAQ具有良好的信效度,适合中国文化背景下孕妇孕期身体活动状况的评估与测量.     

中文版成人血友病活动能力评估量表的信度和效度研究

目的 检验成人血友病活动能力评估量表(HAL)汉化后的信度和效度。 方法 对原始问卷进行翻译、回译、校对后最终形成HAL中文版,将中文版HAL及中文版关节炎生活质量测量量表2-短卷（AIMS-SF）通过直接发放问卷或邮件形式交由华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院血友病诊疗中心登记治疗的成人血友病患者完成填写,共发放150例问卷,搜集到98例有效问卷,应用SPSS 20.0版统计软件对数据进行处理与分析,对问卷内部一致性信度、分半信度、内容效度、结构效度、聚集效度进行检验。 结果 问卷总量表及各维度的Cronbach′s α系数均在0.7以上;总量表的分半信度r=0.970,各维度分半信度均大于0.7;各维度得分与总分及各维度条目得分与该维度得分的Pearson相关系数均大于0.6;问卷各维度间相关系数小于各维度与总量表间的相关系数;HAL总分和AIMS2-SF总分及AIMS2-SF“躯体”维度得分相关性均较好（分别为r=0.640,P<0.01;r=0.576,P<0.01）。 结论 中文版HAL具有良好的信度和效度。     

中文版参与和自主性测评问卷的修订及信度、效度分析

目的:修订中文版参与和自主性测评问卷(IPA)并对其进行信度和效度评价,为评估脑卒中患者社会水平的康复结局提供简单、有效的工具。方法:对英文IPA问卷进行系统的翻译和文化调适,并应用中文版IPA对150例脑卒中患者进行测量,对测定结果进行信度和效度分析。结果:中文版IPA-Ⅰ问卷总的Cronbach α系数为0.959,各维度的Cronbach α系数为0.782—0.965;IPA-Ⅱ问卷Cronbach α系数为0.905。内容效度分析得出:IPA问卷各条目的CVI值为0.8以上,除一个条目(与配偶间亲密关系)外,其余各条目得分与总分相关性系数为0.406—0.901(P<0.01);平行效度分析得出:IPA-Ⅰ问卷与伦敦残障量表(LHS)得分的相关系数为0.807(P<0.01),IPA-Ⅱ问卷与LHS得分的相关系数为0.657(P<0.01);对中文版IPA-Ⅰ问卷进行因子分析,IPA-Ⅰ得到4个公因子,各条目载荷大于0.4,共解释了78.824%的方差。结论:中文版IPA问卷是一份具有较好信度和效度的测评工具,可用于我国脑卒中患者的相关研究中。     

中文版青少年人际反应指针量表的信度及效度研究

目的修订中文版青少年人际反应指针量表,并分析其信度、效度。方法使用修订的中文版青少年人际反应指针量表和少儿述情障碍问卷对745名中学生进行评估,其中586人于3个月后重测中文版青少年人际反应指针量表。结果中文版青少年人际反应指针量表的内部一致性信度为0.726,重测信度为0.565(P0.01),总分与各因子的相关系数在0.564~0.736之间,因子分析4个因子的累计贡献率为36.771%,各项目在其所属因子上的因子载荷在0.197~0.698之间。中文版青少年人际反应指针量表与少儿述情障碍问卷总分的相关系数为0.173(P0.01)。结论中文版青少年人际反应指针量表具有较好的信度及效度。     

Sheffield护理评估与转诊简表的汉化及在恶性肿瘤患者中的信效度评价

目的汉化Sheffield护理评估与转诊简表,并评价其在我国恶性肿瘤患者中的信度和效度。方法对Sheffield护理评估与转诊简表进行汉化及调试,在572例恶性肿瘤患者中进行问卷调查,并以中文版姑息关怀中的问题与需求问卷为校标,对汉化版量表进行信、效度分析。结果 (1)中文版Sheffield护理评估与转诊简表共6个维度,37个项目。(2)项目分析:各项目高分组和低分组得分比较,差异均具有统计学意义(t=3.576～8.293,均P0.05);各项目得分与总分的相关系数为0.579～0.741,量表各个项目间的相关系数为0.362～0.705(均P0.05)。(3)效度:量表总内容效度指数为0.955;结构效度中,探索性因子分析共提取6个公因子,方差累计贡献率为79.273%,验证性因子分析显示模型结构拟合良好;校标效度中,量表总得分与中文版姑息关怀中的问题与需求问卷呈正相关(r=0.791,P0.01)。(4)信度:总量表的Cronbach′sα系数为0.862,折半信度为0.806,重测信度为0.856。结论汉化后的Sheffield护理评估与转诊简表具有良好的信度、效度和临床实用价值,能够作为评价我国恶性肿瘤患者安宁疗护转介需求的调查工具。     

《中药学》与《中国药典》中药名称差异探究

目的:规范中药材(饮片)名称,使处方名称大众化、科学化、合理化,减少因因人、因地而异发生的中药材(饮片)名称差异。方法:参考《中国药品通用名称命名原则》,以《中药学》教材记录的中药材(饮片)品种为基数,与《中国药典》中药材(饮片)进行统计、对比、分析,整理《中药学》教材与《中国药典》收录中药材(饮片)描述不一致的现象。结果:通过对比,本文总结出9方面存在不一致现象。结论:统一中药材(饮片)名称,可使中药更好的服务于临床,减少处方应付差错率,提高中医药疗效,有利于推进我国中药处方的合理化、规范化、统一化,为走向世界奠定基础。     

Chinese perspectives

Providing culturally appropriate care to Chinese people in the United States can be greatly facilitated by understanding some of the values and practices commonly associated with the Chinese, more specifically, the Chinese elderly who may hold more traditional views. Before implementing actions based on the client's Chinese ethnicity, however, the health care provider must assess the client's individual background and degree of association with being "Chinese" because this designation covers a wide spectrum. This article provides a brief overview of some of the more commonly held Chinese values and beliefs and suggests taking several actions, as well as a few cautions, in working with Chinese clients.     

Chinese nursing students' attitudes toward traditional Chinese medicine

In this study, we examined Chinese nursing students' attitudes toward and use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Survey questionnaires were distributed to 439 nursing students, 263 of whom (60%) returned them. Of the respondents, 92% had used TCM, while 48% had used TCM at least once during the previous year. Forty-five percent of respondents reported positive attitudes toward TCM use, 52% had neutral attitudes, and only 3% reported negative attitudes. The majority of respondents (76%) reported no change in their attitude toward TCM after studying nursing. Mean scores related to the adequacy of the current curriculum in TCM training and the state of respondents' TCM knowledge were generally low. Of the respondents who had used TCM during the past year, the most common use was for upper respiratory tract infection. The most common type of TCM used by respondents was herbal tea or soup. Final-year nursing students were more likely to have used TCM during the previous year, report they would like more courses on TCM, and consult Western medicine physicians before using TCM; they were also less likely to develop more negative attitudes toward TCM after studying nursing.     

从医院管理年检查谈县级中医医院护理现状

本文针对2010年中医医院管理年活动中四川省县级中医医院护理工作中存在的护理人力资源不足、护理人员中医药知识技能掌握较差、中医特色护理实施较差、中医特色护理质量标准缺失或可操作性差等问题进行了分析、讨论。呼吁建立、发挥具有中医药特色和优势的长效机制,推动中医护理工作扎实开展,促进中医护理工作健康、可持续发展,进而推动中医护理学科的发展。     

Exploring the influence of Traditional Chinese Medicine on self-care among Chinese cancer patients

PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore the influence of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on self-care among Chinese cancer patients.MethodsThis was an exploratory qualitative study. A purposive sample of thirty cancer patients who were currently undergoing either chemotherapy or radiotherapy was interviewed. Qualitative content analysis was conducted for data analysis.ResultsTwo core categories were emerged from their accounts of experiences with practising TCM-supported self-care activities: perceived beneficial effects and concerns about undesirable effects. The perceived beneficial effects of these self-care activities were mainly stemmed from the traditional beliefs in TCM, which included: strengthening the “origin”, removing toxins, and mind-soothing. Concerns about undesirable effects of these self-care activities were raised due to lack of knowledge and unpleasant experience with these self-care activities.ConclusionThe findings revealed that the philosophy of TCM had been deeply integrated by Chinese cancer patients into their self-care. While Western medicine is the mainstream cancer treatment, Chinese cancer patients also practised various TCM-supported self-care activities. However, they were perplexed about the effects of these self-care activities. They could not ascertain whether the perceived benefits were just due to their own belief in the TCM philosophy, and their lack of knowledge in this aspect and unpleasant experience further confused them. Nurses have to be proactive in identifying the unique health-deviation self-care requisites of their clients in a culturally sensitive manner, explore how their self-care experience affects their wellbeing and treatment compliance, and be prepared to clarify misconceptions about their conditions and progress.