热应激蛋白70对苯所致骨髓干细胞活性损伤的保护研究

目的 探讨热应激蛋白70（HSP70）对苯所致骨髓干细胞活性损伤的保护作用。方法 取小鼠骨髓干细胞，体外33℃，5％CO2孵箱中孵育过夜。随机分为：普通组，以不同浓度（0mmol/L,2mmol/L，10mmol/L，50mmol/L）的苯染毒2h；热应激组，细胞40℃受热1h，再以苯浓度0mmol/L，2mmol/L，10mmol/L，50mmol/L染毒2h。应用四唑盐（MTT）比色试验检测骨髓干细胞活性。结果 随着受热时间延长，HSP70表达增加，接受预热应激（40℃受热，33℃恢复1h）后的细胞经不同浓度（2mmol/L，10mmol/L）苯染毒2h，其细胞活性较未接受预热应激的普通组细胞高。结论 HSP70的增加可能与热应激后苯所致骨髓细胞毒性减轻密切相关。     

利用固定化酵母细胞生产ATP

利用明胶戊二醛制备的固定化啤酒酵母细胞,由腺苷酸(AMP)生产腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(ATP)。在含有15 mmol/L AMP,75 mmol/L葡萄糖,5mmol/L硫酸镁(MgSO_4·7 H_2O)的0.2 mol/L磷酸缓冲液(pH 7.0)中,在34℃振荡反应1h,ATP转化率可达100%,分批连续反应10次,ATP转化率保持在90%以上。     

不同葡萄糖浓度对小鼠胰岛β细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的探讨不同葡萄糖浓度对小鼠胰岛β细胞株MIN-6细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法用不同浓度葡萄糖培养MIN-6细胞72h,MTT法观察不同浓度葡萄糖作用后MIN-6的细胞活性增殖率,Annexin V-FITC染色流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率。结果低浓度（5.6mmol/L、11.1mmol/L）及高浓度葡萄糖（33.3mmol/L）作用72h后可抑制MIN-6细胞的生长;5.6mmol/L、11.1mmol/L、33.3mmol/L组处理72h后,细胞凋亡明显（P〈0.05）。结论低浓度（5.6mmol/L）及高浓度（33.3mmol/L）葡萄糖均可抑制小鼠MIN-6细胞增殖并使其凋亡增加。     

谷胱甘肽对顺铂所致肾小管上皮细胞毒性的保护作用

目的 探讨谷胱甘肽（GSH）对顺铂所致不同性别大鼠肾小管上皮细胞毒性的影响。方法 从不同性别的大鼠分离的肾小管上皮细胞接种于96孔培养液，培养24h后加入一系列浓度的顺铂，或在加入顺铂前的16和4h，分别加入GSH合成抑制剂BSO和GSH合成前体物半胱氨酸，再培养24h后用MTT方法检测细胞存活率。结果：顺铂对雌雄大鼠肾小管上皮细胞具有形状相似的剂量－反应关系曲线，半数抑制浓度（IC50）分别为0.178mmol/L和0.182mmol/L；BSO能使2组IC50均2降低为0.001mmol/L，可使剂量－反应曲线左移，而半胱氨酸则可使2组IC50均升高，均大于5mmol/L，使剂量－反应曲线下沉。结论 顺铂对雌雄大鼠肾小管上皮细胞同样具有明显的毒性；BSO和半胱氨酸可分别增强和降低顺铂的毒性，间接证明细胞内GSH对顺铂所致大鼠肾小管上皮细胞毒性有保护作用，且与性别无前。     

铁超负荷对胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素功能的影响

目的 建立胰岛细胞表面灌注系统，并检测次氮基三醋酸铁（FeNTA）溶液对正常大鼠离体胰岛细胞一相分泌的影响。方法 分离正常大鼠的胰岛细胞，将其分为3组：A组、B组和C组，每组合50个胰岛，分别用不同的刺激液进行灌注，检测40min内胰岛素的分泌量。其中，A组为对照组，灌注液为16．7mmol／L葡萄糖液；B组为舍铁的高糖液灌注，包括B1组（高糖液舍有0．05mmol／LFeNTA）和B2组（高糖液舍有O．1mmol／LFeNTA）；C组为经过FeNTA孵育5h后用高糖液灌注，包括C1组（孵育液中含FeNTA0．05mmol／L）和C2组（孵育液中舍FeNTA0．1mmol／L）；实验过程重复3次。结果 ①正常大鼠的胰岛细胞在16．7mmol／L葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素分泌具有典型的早相分泌；②无论是在含一定浓度的（0．05mmol／L或0．1mmol／L）FeNTA的葡萄糖的刺激液灌注，还是经过合FeNTA（0．05mmol／L或0．1mmol／L）孵育液孵育5h后再用高糖刺激液灌注，大鼠胰岛细胞的胰岛素分泌均完全缺乏一相分泌，仅有不断出现的微小波动，分泌峰值仅仅较基础状态略有增加。结论 铁含量增加会损害胰岛细胞分泌胰岛素，这对阐明铁与糖尿病的关系具有一定的意义。     

5-氟尿苷生物转化率的影响因素研究

目的：利用产气肠杆菌EAM-Z1转化合成5．氟尿苷（5-FUR）。并对影响5-FUR转化率的因素进行了考察。方法：以磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）为溶荆的5．FUR的转化率为对照，考察反应溶剂Na2SO4溶液、中间体稳定剂、金属离子、固定化细胞、粗酶液等因素对转化率的影响。结果：以Na2SO4溶液为溶剂进行转化，转化率可提高10％左右；双中间体稳定剂硼砂＋硼酸使转化率提高20％左右；Mg^2＋和Zn^2＋可提高产物的转化率，在以PBS为溶剂的转化反应中，1mmol／L Mg^2使转化率提高了11．31％，以Na2SO4溶液为溶剂的转化反应中，4mmoL／L Zn^2＋使转化率提高了9．43％；以固定化细胞进行生物转化。反应时间缩短为1h，但转化率略有降低；以粗酶液进行生物转化，反应时间为4h，转化率提高21．29％。结论：5-FUR的转化率受多种因素的影响，合理的反应溶剂如Na2SO4溶液、中间体稳定荆、金属离子、提取酶粗提液等方法均可以较显著的提高5-FUR的转化率。     

转化生长因子-β对大鼠胰岛素基因表达的调节作用

目的：研究不同浓度转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）对大鼠胰岛细胞胰岛素基因表达的影响,探讨TGF-β在2型糖尿病治疗中的作用。方法：大鼠胰岛细胞与不同刺激浓度的TGF-β（0ng／mL、1ng／mL、2ng／mL、5ng／／mL、10ng／mL、20ng／mL）和葡萄糖浓度分别为2．2mmol／L、5．5mmol／L、11．1mmol／L的RPMI1640营养液共培养24h后,提取细胞总RNA.运用RT-PCR技术检测胰岛素基因表达的变化。结果：葡萄糖浓度为2．2mmol／L时,随TGF-β浓度逐渐升高,胰岛素基因表达量无明显变化;葡萄糖浓度为5．5mmol／L时,TGF-β浓度由0ng／mL升至2ng／mL时,胰岛素基因表达量无变化,而当TGF-β浓度进一步升高,胰岛素基因表达量呈剂量依赖性升高;葡萄糖浓度为11．1mmol／L时,随TGF-β浓度升高,胰岛素基因表达量呈浓度依赖性升高。结论：TGF-β以葡萄糖依赖和浓度依赖方式促进胰岛素基因的表达：     

婴儿唇腭裂修复术中输注不同浓度含糖液的效果分析

目的：通过监测术中婴儿（2～12月）血糖浓度,探讨输注葡萄糖的可行性。方法：选择美国麻醉医师协会（American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA）分级标准为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级唇腭裂患儿（2～12月）90例（先天糖尿病患儿除外）,按输液成分的不同分为3组：Ⅰ组输注生理盐水,Ⅱ组输注2.5%（质量分数）葡萄糖,Ⅲ组输注5%（质量分数）葡萄糖,均按6～8 mL/（kg·h）输注,即Ⅱ、Ⅲ组术中输注葡萄糖分别为150～200 mg/（kg· h）和300～400 mg/（kg·h）,每组各30例。患儿入手术室后常规监测心电图（electrocardiogram,ECG）、血氧饱和度（pulse oxygen saturation,SpO₂）,均吸入七氟烷（Sevoflurane）进行麻醉诱导及维持（诱导后即开始输注液体）。记录患儿的年龄、性别、体重、禁食时间、手术时间及麻醉时间,监测麻醉诱导前（即输注液体前）,诱导后10 min、30 min及术毕时的血糖浓度。结果：3组患儿的年龄、体重、性别、禁食时间、麻醉时间、手术时间差异均无统计学意义。3组患儿的麻醉诱导前血糖浓度差异无统计学意义,各组内诱导后血糖浓度均高于诱导前。诱导后Ⅰ组血糖浓度偏低的发生率达13.3%（4/30, 2.8～4.3 mmol/L）,最低血糖为3.1 mmol/L,未发生高血糖。诱导后Ⅱ组各时间点血糖浓度低于Ⅲ组,高于Ⅰ组,高血糖的发生率为10%（3/30,＞11.1 mmol/L）,最高血糖浓度为12.7 mmol/L。诱导后Ⅲ组患儿各时间点的血糖浓度高于Ⅰ组及Ⅱ组,高血糖的发生率达70%（21/30,＞11.1 mmol/L）,最高血糖浓度达22.1 mmol/L。诱导后10 min、30 min及术毕时血糖浓度：Ⅰ组为（5.8±1.3） mmol/L,（8.4±1.7） mmol/L和（10.6±2.8） mmol/L;Ⅱ组为（6.3±1.4） mmol/L,（8.5±2.5） mmol/L和（11.3±2.9） mmol/L;Ⅲ组为（6.6±1.5） mmol/L,（8.2±2.1） mmol/L和（12.2±3.5） mmol/L。结论：婴儿唇腭裂全麻术中以6～8 mL/（kg·h）速度输注2.5%葡萄糖液较为适合,但术中仍应加强血糖浓度的监测。     

阿托品对人视网膜色素上皮细胞D407株 表达及分泌TGF β2的调控

目的：通过观察不同浓度阿托品联合10-5 mol/L卡巴胆碱干预下D407细胞表达及分泌TGF β2的变化,探讨阿托品对RPE细胞表达及分泌TGF β2的调控作用。方法：常规培养D407细胞,药物干预前换用无血清培养基培养, 分为4组。（1）实验组（A组）：A1~A5组依次加入10-4～10-8 mol/L阿托品,孵育30 min后每组加入10-5 mol/L卡巴胆碱;（2）阴性对照组（B组）：B1~B5组依次加入10-4～10-8 mol/L阿托品;（3）阳性对照组（C组）：加入10-5 mol/L卡巴胆碱;（4）空白对照组（D组）：不加药物。干预24 h后采用RT PCR,Western印迹及ELISA法检测细胞胞浆中TGF β2 mRNA及蛋白质的表达水平及上清液中TGF β2的含量。统计学方法采用单因素方差分析。结果：实验组D407细胞胞浆TGF β2 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平及上清中TGF β2蛋白质含量均较阳性对照组低,10-4 mol/L阿托品可完全阻断10-5 mol/L卡巴胆碱上调TGF β2表达及分泌的作用,其效应具有浓度依赖性（F=1 056.897, 1 320.170, 475.657;P＜0.001）。阴性对照组D407细胞胞浆TGF β2 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平及上清中TGF β2蛋白质含量与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：阿托品可有效抑制卡巴胆碱促进人RPE细胞表达及分泌TGF β2的功能,提示M受体参与介导此过程。     

姜酚肟对谷氨酸诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用

【目的】探讨姜酚肟对谷氨酸（glutamate，Glu）诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。【方法】体外培养PCI2细胞，建立谷氨酸诱导PC12细胞损伤的模型；采用MTT法检测细胞活力，流式细胞术和Hoechst 33258 DNA染色法检测细胞凋亡。【结果】经5mmol／L的谷氨酸处理24h后，PC12细胞活力比对照组降低，仅为对照组的58．3％。在一定浓度范围内，姜酚肟能保护PC12细胞免受谷氨酸（5mmol／L）的影响，但较高浓度时对细胞有一定的毒性。经不同浓度姜酚肟（3.125、6．25、12．5、25μg／mL）预处理后，细胞活力明显提高，其保护作用随浓度降低而升高，当浓度为6．25μg／mL时效果最好，使PC12细胞的存活率达到75．2％（P〈0．01），浓度为3．125μg／mL时，细胞存活率降为70．2％（P〈0．01）。谷氨酸（5mmol／L）能诱导PCI2细胞凋亡，处理24h后细胞凋亡率为20．1％，经姜酚肟（3．125、6．25、12．5、25μg／mL）预处理后，细胞凋亡率明显降低，分别为3．5％（P〈0．01），2．8％（P〈O．01），9．6％（P〈0．01），17．7％（P〈0．05）。【结论】谷氨酸能诱导PCI2细胞凋亡，较低浓度的姜酚肟能有效保护PC12细胞免受谷氨酸诱导的细胞损伤。其中6．25μg／mL的姜酚肟效果最好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.