低位和高位颈椎前路减压融合术后椎前软组织肿胀及吞咽困难发生率的比较分析

[目的]比较分析低位和高位颈椎前路融合术后椎前软组织肿胀程度和吞咽困难发生率。[方法]研究共纳入行颈椎前路融合术的颈椎病患者123例,其中低位组(C5以下)51例,高位组72例(C5以上,包括C4、5),根据侧位X线测量计算椎前软组织肿胀宽度,比较分析术后椎前软组织肿胀程度及吞咽困难发生率。同时,根据手术节段长短将样本分为单节段融合组(n=50)和双节段融合组(n=48),再进行组内低位和高位组间的比较分析,以消除手术节段长短对分析结果的影响。[结果]低位组术后椎前软组织肿胀宽度为(8.63±4.44)mm,吞咽困难发生率为41.2%,均低于高位组的(12.10±4.77)mm和63.9%(P<0.05)。对于单节段融合手术,低位组术后椎前软组织肿胀宽度为(8.37±4.22)mm,吞咽困难发生率为36.1%,均低于高位组的(9.63±3.44)mm和50.0%(P<0.05)。对于双节段融合手术,低位组术后椎前软组织肿胀宽度为(9.27±4.96)mm,吞咽困难发生率为53.3%,均低于高位组的(13.24±4.75)mm和75.8%(P<0.05)。[结论]高位颈椎手术可能是颈椎前路术后椎前软组织肿胀和吞咽困难发生的危险因素之一,术前针对相关患者进行宣教具有一定的必要性和临床意义。     

椎前软组织肿胀和颈椎前路融合术后吞咽困难的相关性研究

目的 探讨颈椎前路融合术后椎前软组织肿胀和吞咽困难是否存在相关性。方法 随访研究自2009-01-2011-01接受颈椎前路融合术的患者73例,按照Bazaz-Yoo吞咽困难评分方法分为正常组（无/轻症状组,n=38）和吞咽困难组（中/重症状组,n=35）,参照Penning法测量颈椎侧位X线片上术前、术后软组织宽度,分析2组椎前软组织宽度变化值（即椎前软组织肿胀程度）。结果 2组间术前椎前软组织宽度比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,2组间术前-术后椎前软组织宽度变化值有显著差异,吞咽困难组明显高于正常组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 颈椎前路融合术后椎前软组织肿胀和吞咽困难的发生具有正相关性,推测椎前软组织肿胀可能是吞咽困难发生的机制之一。椎前软组织肿胀（程度）作为预测颈椎前路融合术后吞咽困难发生率的有效指标,具有一定的临床指导意义。     

颈前路多节段融合术后吞咽困难的原因分析

目的 比较多节段颈前路椎间盘切除减压融合术中采用传统钢板+cage和“零切迹”颈椎椎间融合器植入患者术后吞咽困难的发生情况,并分析其原因.方法 2008年9月至2011年9月,接受颈前路椎间盘切除减压+前路钢板+cage植入的118例多节段颈椎病患者为钢板cage组,接受颈前路椎间盘切除减压+Zero-p颈椎椎间融合器植入的108例患者为Zero-p组.分别于术前、术后第2天、术后3、6、12个月及末次随访时采用日本矫形外科学会评分法(Japan orthopedic association,JOA)对患者的神经功能情况进行评估;摄颈椎X片评价植骨融合程度、内固定相关并发症及椎前软组织肿胀程度;采用Bazaz吞咽困难分级及改良吞咽生活质量量表(swallowing-quality of life,SWAL-QOL)评估患者吞咽困难的发生率及相关症状发生情况.结果 随访时间平均为2.4年(1.0～3.5年).术后第2天钢板cage组发生吞咽困难49例(41.53％)明显高于Zero-p组(36例,33.33％);钢板cage组术后第2天及术后2个月椎前软组织厚度明显大于Zero-p组.术后第2天Zero-p组中手术范围为C3～C6的患者吞咽困难发生率(43.1％)明显高于手术范围为C4～C7的患者(22％).结论 颈前路多节段融合术后吞咽困难不可避免,内固定的选择和手术范围是术后吞咽困难发生的重要影响因素.使用颈椎“零切迹”植入物可以减少术后吞咽困难的发生率,手术节段越高术后吞咽困难的发生率越高.     

颈前路Zero-P系统与传统钛板联合cage系统治疗多节段颈椎病的病例对照研究

目的:探讨颈前路零切迹椎间植骨融合内固定系统(zero-profile intervertebral fusion system,Zero-P)和颈前路减压植骨融合内固定术(conventional cage-plate intervertebral fusion system,CCP)应用于颈椎病多节段(≥2个节段)减压融合内固定的近期临床疗效。方法:选取2012年10月至2017年10月因颈椎病行颈椎前路多节段减压融合术的42例作为研究对象。其中Zero-P组21例,CCP组21例。分别记录两组手术一般状况及围术期参数,颈部手术前后VAS、JOA评分及吞咽困难发生率。测量患者在术后1周、1个月及末次随访时的椎前软组织厚度。同时测量融合节段脊柱功能单位Cobb角,观察颈椎整体曲度的改变情况。于术后1周,1、3、12个月追踪临床疗效并复查颈椎正侧位X线片,评价内固定效果。结果:两组患者年龄、性别、病程、手术节段、平均随访时间及住院日组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。手术切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、术后引流量Zero-P组分别为(4.37±0.72)cm、(50.9±7.98)ml、(84.4±8.18)min、(76.2±10.13)ml,CCP组分别为(6.50±0.71)cm、(108.6±9.25)ml、(118.6±8.55)min、(130.1±9.42)ml,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时VAS评分及JOA改善率两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),颈椎整体生理曲度两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1周、1个月及末次随访椎前软组织厚度Zero-P组分别为(11.6±1.9)、(9.8±1.4)、(9.5±1.6)mm,CCP组分别为(12.5±2.6)、(11.1±2.4)、(11.0±1.9)mm,两组间各随访时间点椎前软组织厚度差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。至末次随访时,Zero-P组无一例诉吞咽困难,CCP组有3例发生吞咽困难,两组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在颈椎病多节段减压融合中,不论是传统CCP系统还是新型的Zero-P系统均为有效治疗手段,但Zero-P系统具有手术切口小、手术时间短、术中出血少、操作方便的优点,且术后椎前软组织肿胀恢复佳,术后发生吞咽困难的可能性更低。     

单节段颈椎前路手术术后吞咽困难发生率及危险因素分析

目的分析单节段颈椎前路手术术后吞咽困难发生率及其危险因素。方法收集2012-01-2016-01在医院行单节段颈椎前路手术治疗的140例患者的临床资料,按术后是否发生吞咽困难分为吞咽困难组(n=38)与非吞咽困难组(n=102),收集所有患者基线资料及围术期相关资料,并采用多元Logistic回归分析法筛选引起术后吞咽困难的危险因素。结果 (1)本组共纳入140例患者,术后发生吞咽困难38例,占27.14%。(2)吞咽困难组女性、年龄60岁、有吸烟史、病程12个月、混合型颈椎病、手术节段为C_(4-5)节段所占比例均高于非吞咽困难组,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)多因素分析发现:性别、年龄、病程、手术节段是导致单节段颈椎前路手术后吞咽困难发生的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论高龄、女性、病程12个月、手术节段为C_(4-5)节段的颈椎疾病患者行单节段颈椎前路手术术后吞咽困难发生风险较高。     

颈椎多节段减压术后C_5神经根麻痹临床观察与分析

目的探讨颈椎多节段减压术后C5神经根麻痹的发生机制、临床特点及预后。方法对自2006-01—2013-12行颈椎多节段减压术的患者进行随访。颈椎多节段减压包括:颈前路多节段椎体次全切术、前路多节段椎体次全切除并后路融合术、颈椎椎板切除融合术、椎板成形术,排除减压节段不含C5、术前三角肌肌力异常、臂部感觉异常患者后,共132例。对比不同术式、疾病类型、性别及减压节段数目的 C5神经根麻痹发生率,明确统计学差异。结果 132例平均随访22.8个月(10~105个月)。共有13例出现术后C5神经根麻痹(9.8%),颈椎椎板切除融合术5/36例(13.9%),前路多节段椎体次全切除并后路融合术2/17例(11.8%),椎板成形术3/26例(11.5%),颈前路多节段椎体次全切术3/53例(5.7%),差异无统计学意义(P=0.16)。颈椎外伤组1/9例(11.1%),颈椎不稳组1/10例(10%),OPLL组4/17例(23.5%),颈椎管狭窄组3/32例(9.4%),颈椎病组4/64例(6.3%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。男/女为11/2例,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。发生/未发生C5神经根麻痹患者平均55.8/58.1岁,差异无统计学意义(P=0.23)。结论颈椎多节段减压术后可发生C5神经根麻痹,在不同术式间发生率存在差别。OPLL及男性为其发生的危险因素。     

零切迹颈椎前路融合固定系统与传统融合器钢板内固定系统治疗单节段颈椎间盘突出症的病例对照研究

目的 :比较零切迹颈前路椎间融合固定系统(Zero-p)与传统钛板联合cage融合内固定术治疗单节段颈椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法:对2011年8月至2014年3月接受颈前路椎间盘切除植骨融合内固定术的139例单节段颈椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据已采取的不同术式分为A,B两组,其中A组63例,行前路椎间盘切除与Zero-P融合内固定;B组76例,行前路椎间盘切除椎间cage融合与钢板内固定。分别于手术前后对患者进行JOA评分、Odom功能评级;采用电视透视吞咽研究(videofluorographic swallowing study,VFSS)评估患者椎前软组织厚度;采用Bazaz吞咽困难分级评估患者术后吞咽困难的发生率。术后12个月时采用颈椎正侧位X线及CT检查评估植骨融合情况,采用MRI检查评估临近节段退变情况。比较两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、手术前后JOA评分、Odom评级及VFSS中的椎前软组织厚度、术后患者吞咽困难发生率(Bazas评分)、椎体间融合率、邻近节段退变发生率。结果:手术前后两组患者的JOA评分、Odom功能评级差异比较无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术前VFSS中的椎前软组织厚度比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者手术时间及术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义。两组患者VFSS中的椎前软组织厚度、吞咽困难发生率在术后第2天,术后3、6个月及末次随访时差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1年所有患者获植骨融合,两组融合率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组8例(12.7%)出现邻近节段退变,B组19例(25%)出现临近节段退变,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:应用零切迹颈椎前路椎间融合固定系统和传统钛板联合cage融合内固定治疗单节段颈椎间盘突出症均可取得满意疗效,前者术后吞咽困难和临近节段退变发生率较低,中长期疗效有待进一步观察。     

前路减压多节段椎间融合器植骨融合治疗颈椎退变性疾患的临床观察

目的探讨前路减压多节段椎间融合器植骨融合治疗颈椎退变性疾患的有效性和安全性.方法2002年6月～2006年3月对13例颈椎退变性疾病患者行前路减压连续3节段椎间融合器植骨融合术,使用JOA评分评定其临床效果;测量并统计术前、术后1周和末次随访时颈椎曲度、手术节段前柱高度;观察椎间植骨融合情况、椎间融合器沉降和移位、邻近节段有无退变等情况.结果术后1周颈椎曲度D值比术前增加3.3±2.9 mm(P＜0.01),手术节段前柱高度比术前增加4.2±2.7mm(P＜0.01);术后1个月时JOA评分较术前增加4.2±1.0分;随访12～59个月,平均31.3个月,末次随访时颈椎曲度D值比术后1周减少1.1±1.9mm(P＞0.05);手术节段前柱高度比术后1周减少1.8±2.4mm(P＜0.05);手术节段融合率为91.7%;椎间融合器沉降发生率为35.9%;未发现术后邻近节段退变.结论选择恰当的适应证,前路减压多节段椎间融合器植骨融合是治疗颈椎退变性疾病的一种安全有效的手术方式.     

零切迹椎间融合固定器和颈前路钢板固定的单节段颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术后患者吞咽功能比较分析

目的系统评估和比较零切迹椎间融合固定器Zero-P和颈前路钢板固定的单节段颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术后患者吞咽功能情况。方法经过标准的纳入标准和排除标准筛选2013-09-2015-09在我院行单节段颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术且应用Zero-P或传统颈椎前路钢板的患者,根据标准的Bazaz吞咽功能评分量表对患者术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月、1年的吞咽情况进行电话随访评估,比较2组患者术后吞咽困难发生率和吞咽困难程度,采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行统计分析,P0.05认为有统计学意义。结果共筛选出2013-09-2015-09在我院行单节段颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术患者164例,其中Zero-P组80例,钢板组84例,所有患者均完成了至少12个月以上随访进行吞咽困难评估。Zero-P组和钢板组在术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年总吞咽困难发生率分别为:27.50%和42.86%、18.75%和33.33%、11.25%和23.81%、8.75%和20.24%、6.25%和16.67%,根据非参数检验(Mann Whitney U test)结果显示,Zero-P组患者吞咽困难发生率和严重程度在术后历次随访时间点均低于钢板组,P0.05。结论和传统的颈椎前路钢板相比,零切迹椎间融合固定器Zero-P能降低单节段颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术患者术后吞咽困难的发生率和严重程度,大部分吞咽困难患者为轻度和中度吞咽困难,重度吞咽困难不常见,并且随着随访时间延长,大部分患者吞咽困难症状将得到自发缓解。     

颈椎前路减压cage与zero-p椎间植骨融合内固定治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效比较

目的比较颈椎前路减压cage椎间植骨融合钛板内固定与zero-p椎间植骨融合内固定治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效及并发症情况。方法纳入自2013-06—2015-06诊治的110例单节段脊髓型颈椎病,采用颈椎前路减压cage椎间植骨融合钛板内固定治疗55例(cage组),采用颈椎前路减压zero-p椎间植骨融合内固定治疗55例(zero-p组)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间,术后12个月JOA评分、NDI指数、颈椎曲度、颈椎节段高度及植骨融合率,术后1周、3个月吞咽困难发生例数。结果所有患者均获得(22.78±3.10)个月随访。2组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后12个月JOA评分、NDI指数、颈椎曲度、颈椎节段高度、植骨融合率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。zero-p组术后1周、3个月吞咽困难发生例数少于cage组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论颈椎前路减压cage椎间植骨融合钛板内固定与zero-p椎间植骨融合内固定治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病均可取得满意的临床疗效,但zero-p椎间植骨融合内固定术后吞咽困难发生的风险明显较低,其安全性更符合临床需要。     

A comparative study for the usage of Fidji cervical cages after multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion

BackgroundPostoperative dysphagia is one major concern in the treatment for patients with cervical spine spondylosis by using anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with plating and cage system.PurposeTo evaluate the influence of two types of surgery for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) on postoperative dysphagia, namely ACDF with cage alone (ACDF-CA) using Fidji cervical cages and ACDF with cage and plate fixation (ACDF-CP).MethodsA retrospective study was performed in 62 consecutive patients with multilevel CSM, including 32 underwent ACDF-CA (group A) and 30 underwent ACDF-CP (group B). All enrolled patients were followed up at 48 h, 2 months and 6 months postoperatively, when the dysphagia rate, Swallowing-Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) score and the thickness of prevertebral soft tissue were recorded.ResultsAt 48 h and 2 months, the dysphagia rate and thickness of prevertebral soft tissue were both significantly lower in group A than in group B, while the SWAL-QOL score of group A was significantly higher than that of group B. No significant difference was observed at 6 months.ConclusionFidji cervical cages could relieve postoperative dysphagia in the treatment of multilevel CSM with ACDF, especially at the first several months postoperatively.     

颈前路椎体次全切术后椎前软组织肿胀的影像学研究

目的:研究颈前路椎体次全切钛网植骨融合内固定术后椎前软组织肿胀的变化规律。方法:自2015年11月至2018年7月进行颈前路单一椎体次全切钛网植骨融合内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病患者151例,男109例,女42例;年龄44~81(59.77±8.34)岁。通过术后随访观察,测量C_2-C_7平面椎前间隙距离,评估椎前软组织肿胀变化规律。结果:151例患者术后均获得随访,时间15~40(28.00±3.52)个月。颈前路单一椎体次全切钛网植骨融合内固定手术后1周,椎前软组织肿胀达到高峰,随后出现椎前软组织肿胀减退,术后8个月时C_5、C_6、C_7平面椎前软组织肿胀恢复正常,术后12个月时C2、C3、C4平面椎前软组织恢复正常。结论:前路颈椎体次全切钛网植骨融合内固定手术后椎前软组织均会发生肿胀,术后1周内应高度重视患者椎前软组织肿胀的加重,避免吞咽困难、呼吸道梗阻、窒息等并发症的发生。     

Efficacy of Postoperative Radiograph for Evaluating the Prevertebral Soft Tissue Swelling after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Background

After surgery for degenerative spinal disease by the anterior approach, the degree of soft tissue swelling can be assessed simply using plain radiographs. However, there are little studies according to the surgical methods or extent of surgery, and no study had addressed the clinical meaning of swelling determined by plain radiography. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of prevertebral soft tissue swelling (PSTS) after anterior cervical fusion with plate fixation for the treatment of degenerative cervical spinal disorders.

Methods

One hundred and thirty-five patients that underwent anterior cervical fusion with plate augmentation for degenerative cervical spondylosis were included in this study. PSTS differences were analyzed with respect to numbers of fusion segments and location of fusion. Cases were divided into two groups based on the amount of PSTS, and incidences of dyspnea, dysphagia, dysphonia were evaluated.

Results

PSTS increments were significantly greater in patients that had undergone multi-level or high-level fusion. Complications of dyspnea, dysphagia and dysphonia were found more frequently in patients with marked PSTS group.

Conclusions

Increments of PSTS after anterior cervical fusion for degenerative spinal disorders are greater and incidences of complications are higher in patients that undergo multi-level or high-level fusion. Thus, measurement of PSTS using consecutive cervical lateral radiographs after anterior cervical surgery is clinically meaningful procedure.     

Dysphagia and soft-tissue swelling after anterior cervical surgery: a radiographic analysis

Background contextDysphagia is common in the early postoperative period after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Several mechanisms, including soft-tissue swelling, have been implicated as a cause of postoperative dysphagia.PurposeTo determine whether anterior soft-tissue swelling is greater in patients with postoperative dysphagia.Study designProspective cohort study.Patient sampleForty-three patients.Outcome measuresValidated dysphagia questionnaire, lateral cervical spine radiographs.MethodsPatients undergoing one- or two-level ACDF using allograft bone and anterior instrumentation were enrolled. Baseline patient demographic characteristics and history were recorded. A dysphagia questionnaire, including a dysphagia numeric rating scale (DNRS; range, 0–10), was administered preoperatively and 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. Lateral cervical radiographs were obtained preoperatively and 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. The anterior cervical soft-tissue shadow width was measured at each level. Patients were divided into groups based on the 2-week dysphagia questionnaire: Group 1 (no symptoms/mild dysphagia) and Group 2 (moderate/severe dysphagia). Anterior soft-tissue shadow width at each level was compared between groups. Correlation was used to assess the relationship between DNRS and anterior soft-tissue swelling.ResultsForty-three patients (24 females; average age, 47.9) were enrolled. Fifteen patients had one-level and 28 patients had two-level ACDF. The anterior soft-tissue shadow width increased significantly from preoperative values at all levels except C1 at 2 and 6 weeks and C2 at 6 weeks. At 2 weeks, 18 patients had no symptoms/mild dysphagia (Group 1) and 25 patients had moderate/severe dysphagia (Group 2). The average DNRS was 1.1 for Group 1 and 5.3 for Group 2 (p<.001). This difference decreased by 6 weeks but remained significant. There were no significant differences in the soft-tissue measurements between groups at any level. There was no significant correlation between the DNRS and anterior soft-tissue swelling at any time point.ConclusionsThere is a significant increase in anterior cervical soft-tissue swelling after ACDF. The width of prevertebral soft-tissue does not correlate with postoperative dysphagia.     

The role of steroid administration in the management of dysphagia in anterior cervical procedures

Dysphagia is a common postoperative symptom for patients undergoing anterior cervical spine procedures. The purpose of this study is to present the current literature regarding the effect of steroid administration in dysphagia after anterior cervical spine procedures. We performed a literature search in the PubMed database, using the following terms: “dysphagia,” “ACDF,” “cervical,” “surgery,” “anterior,” “spine,” “steroids,” “treatment,” and “complications.” We included in our review any study correlating postoperative dysphagia and steroid administration in anterior cervical spine surgery. Studies, which did not evaluate, pre- and postoperatively, dysphagia with a specific clinical or laboratory methodology were excluded from our literature review. Five studies were included in our results. All were randomized, prospective studies, with one being double blinded. Steroid administration protocol was different in every study. In two studies, dexamethasone was used. Methylprednisolone was administrated in three studies. In four studies, steroids were applied intravenously, while in one study, locally in the retropharyngeal space. Short-term dysphagia and prevertebral soft tissue edema were diminished by steroid administration, according to the results of two studies. In one study, prevertebral soft tissue edema was not affected by the steroid usage. Furthermore, short-term osseous fusion rate was impaired by the steroid administration, according to the findings of one study. The usage of steroids in patients undergoing anterior cervical spine procedures remains controversial. Multicenter, large-scale, randomized, prospective studies applying the same protocol of steroid administration and universal outcome criteria should be performed for extracting statistically powerful and clinically meaningful results.     

双小切口前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术治疗连续4节段脊髓型颈椎病

目的比较单/双小切口前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术(ACDF)治疗连续4节段脊髓型颈椎病(CSM)的疗效及术后并发症发生情况。方法回顾性分析2014年10月—2017年9月上海交通大学附属仁济医院骨科采用ACDF治疗的64例连续4节段CSM患者临床资料,根据手术切口分为单切口组(n=31,SI)和双小切口组(n=33,DI)。比较2组手术切口、颈肩疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分,日本骨科学会(JOA)评分和改善率;记录并比较术后并发症发生情况(切口感染、吞咽困难、声音嘶哑、C5神经根麻痹和脑脊液漏)。结果所有手术均顺利完成。所有患者随访时间>12个月,最长2.5年。2组患者术后72 h切口疼痛均明显缓解,术后3个月切口疼痛基本消失。末次随访时,2组患者VAS评分和JOA评分均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SI组16例发生手术并发症,其中切口感染1例,吞咽困难11例,声音嘶哑2例,C5神经根麻痹1例,脑脊液漏1例;DI组5例发生手术并发症,吞咽困难3例,声音嘶哑1例,C5神经根麻痹1例。结论对于以前方脊髓压迫为主的连续4节段CSM,采用单/双小切口ACDF治疗,均能有效改善患者的神经功能,缓解颈肩疼痛,但双小切口可有效降低术后吞咽困难发生率。     

缝合椎前筋膜预防颈前路术后吞咽困难的临床研究

目的：探讨缝合椎前筋膜对颈椎前路内固定术后吞咽困难的预防作用。方法：将176例行颈前路手术、钛板内固定患者于手术前一天掷钱币方式随机分为2组。A组89例（缝合椎前筋膜组）：术中颈前路钢板固定后缝合椎前筋膜,覆盖钢板,使食管不直接与钢板相贴。B组87例（不缝合椎前筋膜组）：术中固定后不缝合椎前筋膜,食管与钢板直接相贴。分别于术后3周及3、12个月对患者进行随访,以吞咽困难患者数及吞咽困难发生率作为观测指标。结果：A组术后3周及3、12个月吞咽困难发生率分别为25.8%、9.0%、5.6%;B组为25.3%、20.6%、14.9%。经统计学处理,3、12个月时吞咽困难发生率A组低于B组,差异有统计学意义（3个月时P=0.030,12个月时P=0.049,均〈0.05）。结论：缝合椎前筋膜能有效地预防颈椎前路内固定术后吞咽困难的发生。     

Zero-P用于三节段颈椎前路融合术的中期疗效

目的通过与传统融合器并钛板融合术比较,探索C_4/C_5/C_6/C_7三节段Zero-P融合治疗颈椎退变性疾病的中期临床疗效与影像学变化。方法纳入2009年7月—2013年5月在本院接受C_4/C_5/C_6/C_7颈椎融合手术的患者共72例。其中A组患者应用Zero-P进行融合,共30例;B组用传统融合器加钛板,共42例。两组患者术前各项参数比较差异无统计学意义。于术后2个月、6个月、1年、2年及近期各时间点进行复查随访,比较两组患者日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、颈椎曲度、C_(4~7) Cobb角、吞咽困难发生率、融合率、邻近节段退变(ASD)发生率等的差异。结果所有患者随访2年,随访期间,A组与B组术后JOA评分、NDI、融合率及ASD发生率比较差异均无统计学意义。A组患者术后C_(4~7)Cobb角呈缓慢丢失趋势,在术后2年及末次随访时小于B组(P0.05)。A组患者术后颈椎曲度呈缓慢丢失趋势,在末次随访时低于B组(P0.05)。A组患者吞咽困难发生率于术后2个月时低于B组(P0.05),余随访时间两组差异无统计学意义。结论 Zero-P用于颈椎三节段融合时中期疗效满意、并发症少。其可有效降低术后2个月吞咽困难发生率,但对手术节段Cobb角及颈椎曲度的维持作用较差。