徐州市肿瘤医院高层次医学人才评价工作初探

<正>党的二十大报告指出，必须坚持科技是第一生产力、人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力，深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略，开辟发展新领域新赛道，不断塑造发展新动能新优势。提高医疗技术水平，推进健康中国建设的时代使命，离不开高层次医学人才的引领和带动。作为医学重点学科（专科）发展的领导者和组织者，高层次医学人才担负着医疗技术进步、学科梯队建设、医学人才培养等重要任务，也是医疗卫生机构专业技术人才的骨干和核心。合理有效地选拔、引进及培养一批技术高、作风好的高层次医学人才是医院人才梯队建设的重要内容，也是医院长久发展的保障。     

浅谈军队医学高层次人才的培养和使用

军队医学高层次人才的培养和使用主要包含五方面内容 :一是要把医学高层次人才作为人才培养的重点 ;二是要坚持多种形式并举培养高层次人才 ;三是要把创新能力作为高层次人才培养的核心内容 ;四是要把营造良好环境作为高层次人才培养的重要基础 ;五是要把思想政治素质作为高层次人才培养的根本要求。本文就上述五方面进行了阐述     

浙江省医疗机构博士学位人力资源调查

为了解浙江省医疗机构中高层次卫生人才资源现状，调查分析了浙江省29所三级医院博士学位人员拥有情况。结果提示，浙江省高级卫生人力资源状况与其经济的发展不相适应，主要表现在：高层次医学人才缺乏，分布不均；医学高层次教育和人才培养滞后于市场需求，人才流失严重等。有效措施是发展高层次医学教育，调整医疗队伍的人才结构和功能，实现卫生人力资源的优化配置。     

加强中医药高层次人才队伍建设推动中医医院高质量发展

中医药高层次人才队伍建设是推进中医医院高质量发展的重要支撑。为破解当前中医医院中医药高层次人才队伍建设中师承教育体系不完善、高层次人才评价制度不健全、高层次人才激励机制不健全等困境，从大力实施中医药高层次人才工程，强化师承教育制度保障，完善中医药高层次人才评价标准，多渠道建立健全中医药高层次人才激励机制等方面，提出了加强中医药高层次人才队伍建设的建议。     

医院海外高层次医学人才遴选需求研究△

目的：了解医院引进海外高层次医学人才遴选要求、需求偏好,比较不同医院间存在的共性和差异。方法：于2020年10月以江苏省医院人力资源管理专业委员会为平台,对江苏省各医院相关部门的管理人员开展问卷调查。结果：医院引进海外医学人才对学历要求普遍较高,三级医院对博士及以上学历的要求较其他等级医院高;对复合型人才需求大,综合医院和三级医院需求更大;大多医院看重海外工作经历,尤其是在知名医疗机构工作经历;普遍关注海外医学人才的科研能力和临床技术水平,但不同性质和地域医院间要求不同。结论：医院需加大对高层次医学人才的引进和培养,构建适合的海外高层次医学人才遴选标准,拓宽引进海外高层次医学人才的途径,充分发挥吸引海外高层次医学人才的优势。     

地市级三甲公立医院高层次人才培养路径研究 以宜昌市中心人民医院为例

<正>党的二十大报告指出,人才是第一资源。深入实施人才强国战略,需要培养造就大批德才兼备的高素质人才,建设规模宏大、结构合理、素质优良的人才队伍。而促进卫生健康事业高质量发展,推动健康中国建设,人才同样是关键。医学高层次人才担负着医院学科发展、技术进步、人才梯队建设等重要任务。合理、有效地选拔、引进及培养技术高、作风优的高层次医学人才,是医院实现高质量发展的重要措施。     

我国医疗卫生领域高层次专业人才建设存在的问题与对策

加强高层次卫生专业人才建设,促进医学科技进步与医疗卫生服务水平提高,是我国深化卫生改革发展的迫切要求。我国目前面临卫生领域高层次人才数量不足、结构不合理、政府对卫生人才培养投入不足、培养方案滞后等问题。为了推动我国高层次卫生专业人才队伍建设,建议明确目标,制定高层次卫生人才发展规划;增加投入,设立"全国卫生系统高层次人才培养计划"专项;推进管理制度创新,努力营造有利于高层次人才培养与发展的环境;深化人事制度改革,完善高层次人才培养工作的体制和机制。     

浅析医院高层次人才的管理对策

在知识经济时代,医院作为一个知识型人才密集的特殊行业,高层次人才将成为医院的核心竞争力。本文根据高层次人才的特点,从选拔、培训、绩效考核和激励四个方面提出了医院高层次人才的管理对策,以期为医院高层次人才的管理提供借鉴。     

双因素理论视角下优化公立医院高层次医学人才激励路径研究

高层次医学人才激励不仅是推进公立医院改革的一项重要内容,也是保持医院持续竞争力的关键因素。文章以双因素理论为视角,阐述双因素理论与公立医院人力资源激励的关系,分析我国公立医院高层次医学人才激励当前存在的问题,并提出优化公立医院高层次医学人才激励的路径选择。     

搭建多维激励平台激发最大潜能发挥

曾经有位著名的管理学家说过：“21世纪谁拥有人才．谁就能占领市场”。在医院建设中．学科代表着医院的品牌和地位．人才则是医院的核心竞争力．特别是高层次医学人才,他们对医院的社会声誉和经济效益都产生着积极的影响．但高层次医学人才的特点决定了对其管理的复杂性．如何充分发挥他们的最大潜能．使其人尽其才,才尽其用,是我们医院管理者需要认真探讨的话题。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Worker education in the primary prevention of occupational dermatoses

This paper reports the evaluation of a skin care education programmeconducted on a fine chemicals manufacturing site where over1,000 employees are located. Approximately 60% are involvedin chemical manufacture. Over a 12 month period production staffreceived training in prevention of occupational dermatoses linkedto a site-wide poster initiative. The incidence of new casesof occupational dermatoses fell from 0.055 (70 cases in 1,277employees) to 0.021 (27 cases in 1,277 employees) before andafter the intervention respectively (p<0.0001). After otherfactors such as chemicals handled, observer bias and changesin reporting related to socioeconomic climate were taken intoaccount it is concluded that this study demonstrates the importanceof worker education as a tool for primary prevention of disease.Training materials such as video and poster presentations maybe effectively used in the chemical manufacturing industry asan adjunct to prevention and control of exposure to substanceshazardous to the skin. Such methods may also be used in otherindustries where there are significant risks of dermatoses.     

Regional Variation in Travel-related Illness acquired in Africa,March 1997–May 2011

To understand geographic variation in travel-related illness acquired in distinct African regions, we used the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database to analyze records for 16,893 ill travelers returning from Africa over a 14-year period. Travelers to northern Africa most commonly reported gastrointestinal illnesses and dog bites. Febrile illnesses were more common in travelers returning from sub-Saharan countries. Eleven travelers died, 9 of malaria; these deaths occurred mainly among male business travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. The profile of illness varied substantially by region: malaria predominated in travelers returning from Central and Western Africa; schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and dengue from Eastern and Western Africa; and loaisis from Central Africa. There were few reports of vaccine-preventable infections, HIV infection, and tuberculosis. Geographic profiling of illness acquired during travel to Africa guides targeted pretravel advice, expedites diagnosis in ill returning travelers, and may influence destination choices in tourism.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

The design of hazard risk assessment matrices for ranking occupational health risks and their application in mining and minerals processing

Two hazard risk assessment matrices for the ranking of occupational health risks are described. The qualitative matrix uses qualitative measures of probability and consequence to determine risk assessment codes for hazard-disease combinations. A walk-through survey of an underground metalliferous mine and concentrator is used to demonstrate how the qualitative matrix can be applied to determine priorities for the control of occupational health hazards. The semi-quantitative matrix uses attributable risk as a quantitative measure of probability and uses qualitative measures of consequence. A practical application of this matrix is the determination of occupational health priorities using existing epidemiological studies. Calculated attributable risks from epidemiological studies of hazard-disease combinations in mining and minerals processing are used as examples. These historic response data do not reflect the risks associated with current exposures. A method using current exposure data, known exposure-response relationships and the semi-quantitative matrix is proposed for more accurate and current risk rankings.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.