苯胺加氢反应过程的多变量解耦广义预测控制

针对苯胺加氢间歇反应具有高度不确定性和交叉耦合性,传统PID控制器很难达到理想控制品质,本文采用阶梯控制策略设计多变量广义预测控制(GPC)解耦控制系统。首先针对系统的交叉耦合性,对目标函数解耦算法进行了简化设计以有效减少计算量;然后利用GPC策略构建一个双输入双输出解耦GPC系统;最后将多变量解耦GPC控制与传统PID变结构控制进行对比分析,模拟仿真效果验证了该控制系统的有效性和强鲁棒性。     

外区域上非牛顿流体方程解的存在性

研究了外区域上非牛顿流体方程的Y oung测度解和唯一正则弱解的存在性,并给出一个新的近似结构,其在广义意义下成立。在解性质的讨论和近似解的计算方面,本文的近似结构优于以往的近似结构。     

拟线性方程的奇摄动Robin问题

利用边界函数法研究了一类拟线性方程的奇摄动Robin问题,证明了这个问题解的存在唯一性,同时给出了它的一致有效渐近解。     

聚合物熔体轴对称共挤出流动的有限元计算

建立数学模型，利用有限元法作数值解，确定界面，速度场及压力场，利用界面处法向速度为零，通过迭代求解界面位置，在界面处采用双结点法以保证速度和应力的连续性并满足压力的不连续性，使用ｅｎｎｅｒ迭代法求解圆形通道中两个共轴层流动的非线性方程。求出共挤出轴对称棒材的流量压降关系，计算结果与解析解比较，有很好的一致性。该数值方法可以运用于无法得到解析解的复杂流道。     

脑电双频谱指数监测在ICU中的应用

Bispectralindex一脑电双频谱指数是经过计算机自动处理的脑电图定量分析指标。双频谱分析是一统计学技术，用以研究非线性特征的现象。脑电信号即为大量神经细胞的非线性耦合的产物，是一个高度非线性多单元连接的复合体；它将时间一振幅关系的原始脑电信号转换成频率一功率的关系，这种时域变为频域的变换，应用了快速傅立叶变换，傅立叶分析提供了获取频域信息的一种较为完整的方法，它使我们利用频率、幅值和相位来描述时域中的振动波形，找出杂乱无章的脑电信号中的主要振动频率特点。[第一段]     

48例精神分裂症脑电图与脑电地形图异常改变的临床分析

目的：探讨Ⅰ型（阳性型）、Ⅱ型（阴性型）精神分裂症脑电图与脑电地形图异常改变的差异，方法：对48例精神分裂症患者异常,EEG，BEAM在异常程度，区域分布，频域分布等方面进行对比分析。结果：Ⅰ型精神分裂症更多表现为轻度异常，双额后、额分布较多；而Ⅱ型精神分裂症异常程度偏重，以双颞为多。异常的频域分布，两者无明显差异。结论：对诸如脑电图异常程度，异常的区发布及频域分布可以作为对该病诊断分型的参考依据。     

隔板塔(DWC)多定态解的净物质流分析

与传统精馏分离工艺相比,完全热耦合精馏技术（隔板塔）有更多的操作变量（即自由度）,这些操作变量在实现优化设计的同时,也会引起多定态现象。采用单组分净物质流,针对隔板塔在三组分分离过程中存在多定态解的现象进行分析,通过等效热耦合四塔模型,研究其多解现象。在不同定态解的条件下,计算并分析隔板塔内部的净物质流。结果表明,多个定态解对应的塔内部组分净物质流之间存在差异。     

病因学中多因素作用的若干模式

流行病学病因研究表明,病因是引起疾病发生的诸因素之联合作用。这种联合作用可的方式可以是多种多样的,研究比较多的有因素的相加、协同和拮抗等。本文拟结合实际例子,阐述疾病的多因素作用的其它一些模式。向量空间模式在研究二维(多维)变量(X、Y)的性质性,我们认为它不仅与 X 及 Y 有关,而且又依     

高维列联表资料的统计分析与SAS软件实现（一）

在生物医学研究中,往往遇到定性资料,如果某项研究涉及的定性变量个数大于2,并且用列联表的形式表现出来,则称该列联表为高维列联表。高维列联表的维数由原因和结果变量的个数共同决定,且依据结果变量的性质将高维列联表分为结果变量为二值变量的高维列联表、结果变量为多值有序变量的高维列联表和结果变量为多值名义变量的高维列联表。     

带传动多目标优化设计的贴近度解法

拟订了带传动多目标优化设计的数学模型。采用正态模糊分布，将理想解和非劣解转化为目标函数值空间上的模糊子集，藉助于贴近度方法，从非劣解中找出了最贴近理想的最优解。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.