心率及重建相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影图像质量的影响

目的 探讨心率及重建相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影图像质量的影响。方法 80例健康体检者行16层螺旋CT回顾性心电门控条件下冠状动脉造影。结果 每位患者的4条冠状动脉分支(左冠状动脉主干、左前降支、左回旋支、右冠状动脉)分别用于图像质量分析。心率≤60次／min者，有82．1％(46／56支)的图像可用于诊断；心率61～70次／min者，有63．4％(104／164支)的图像可用于诊断；心率71～80次/min者，有41．20h，(28／68支)的图像可用于诊断；心率80次／min以上者有31．2％(10／32支)的图像可用于诊断。左冠状动脉前降支在60％～70％的重建相位窗时图像质量最佳，左冠状动脉回旋支在50％～60％时最佳，右冠状动脉重建相位窗为50％～70％较满意。结论心率及重建相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影图像质量有重要影响作用。     

关于16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像最佳重建相位窗选择的探讨

目的探讨16层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影的最佳重建相位窗。方法32例健康受检者行16层CT冠状动脉成像检查,在6个相位窗（心动周期的R波后40％、50％、60％、70％、80％、90％）上对冠状动脉进行CT图像重组,对这6个时相的薄层图像进行最大密度投影、二维曲面重建、多平面重建和容积再现重建。结果每位受检者的4条冠状动脉分支（左冠状动脉主干、左前降支、左回旋支、右冠状动脉）分别用于图像质量分析。左主干在6个R—R时相均显示良好,左前降支、左回旋支在70％相位窗的图像质量最佳,右冠状动脉在80％相位窗的图像质量最佳,整体图像在70％相位窗的重组图像质量最佳。结论16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像,应首先选择70％相位窗。选择最佳相位窗进行图像重建可以明显提高图像质量和工作效率。     

重组相位窗对16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像图像质量的影响

目的:探讨不同重组相位窗对16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像质量的影响。方法:对28例健康体检者采用回顾性心电门控的16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像,将其扫描原始数据分别按45%、55%、65%、70%、75%、85%R-R间期的不同相位的横断面进行重组。结果:左主干在6个R-R时相均显示良好;左前降支在70%R-R时相的重组图像质量最佳;左回旋支及右冠状动脉在75%R-R时相的重组图像质量最佳,整体图像在75%R-R时相的重组图像质量最佳。结论:重组相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像图像质量有重要影响作用。     

64层探测器CT冠状动脉成像依据不同心率的最佳重建方案

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像不同心率下冠状动脉各节段血管的最佳重建时相。方法:对61例患者行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像,扫描后原始数据分别按R-R间期30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、60%、70%、75%的相位进行后处理重组,按扫描期间平均心率分组,Ⅰ组30例,心率70次/min;Ⅱ组31例,心率≥70次/min。分析不同心率组不同R-R时相对各支冠状动脉血管的显示情况。结果:Ⅰ组的所有的冠状动脉节段可以在单一的75%相位上获得最佳图像质量;Ⅱ组的所有冠状动脉可以在单一的45%或40%的相位上获得最佳图像质量,多时相重建并不能显著提高图像质量。结论:随着64层螺旋CT时间分辨率的充分发展,所有冠状动脉节段能在一个重建时相得到有诊断价值的图像,多时相重建并不能显著提高图像质量。     

16层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影初探

目的:探索不同心率下16层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影的重建技术及效果.材料和方法:40例疑诊冠状动脉疾患者采用东芝Aquilion16层机行冠状动脉造影,扫描层厚1mm,HP3.2～4.0,非离子型碘剂70～100ml,注射速率2.5～3.5ml/s,延迟22～25s,原始数据用Half和Segement两种方法重建,在VitrealII图形工作站上完成容积显示(VR)、多平面重建(MPR)、仿真内镜、血管分析等后处理.结果:心率50～70次/min组冠状动脉显示最佳图像为Half重建的80%R-R间期,心率70次/min以上组冠状动脉显示最佳图像为Segment重建的50%R-R间期.16层CT血管造影显示冠状动脉较好,其中左前降支最佳.结论:合适的重建方法和重建间期可以帮助16层CT冠状动脉造影获得满意的冠状动脉图像.     

16层CT冠状动脉成像双扇区图像重建算法与相位窗的优选

目的:评价双扇区图像重建算法的相位窗优选。方法:30 例患者行 16 层 CT冠状动脉成像检查,采用回顾性心电门控、0.5s螺旋扫描、双扇区重建算法,静脉注射对比剂。在 9 个相位窗(心动周期的 R波后 40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%、75%和80%)上对冠状动脉进行 CT图像重组。结果:在冠状动脉内径≥2mm的 311 个节段中,209个节段(占67.2%)在 75%相位窗上显示最佳,64 节段(占 20.6%)在 70%相位窗上显示最佳,27 节段(占 8.7%)在50%相位窗上显示最佳,5节段(占1.6%)在80%相位窗上显示最佳,4节段(占1.3%)在45%相位窗上显示最佳,2 节段(占0.6%)在55%相位窗上显示最佳。结论:采用双扇区重建算法,冠状动脉多数在心动周期的 R波后 75%相位窗上显示最佳,其次为70%和50%相位窗。     

多层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管造影的临床应用

目的探讨多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影(multislice spiral CT coronary angiography,MSCTCA)的成像技术及其临床应用价值。方法对86例行MSCTCA检查,采用多种重建方法对原始数据进行重建,分析影响冠状动脉图像质量的因素,分析MSCT对冠状动脉的显示能力、分析冠状动脉斑块性质及钙化程度,评价管腔狭窄及其程度,并对桥血管和支架的显示及通畅性进行评价。结果左冠状动脉主干及前降支重建的最佳时相为75%R-R时相,左回旋支及右冠状动脉为65%R-R时相。以75%的相位窗重建得到容积再现的图像为最佳。MSCTCA对冠状动脉1~3级分支、甚至部分4级分支显示清晰,对冠状动脉斑块显示良好,对冠状动脉狭窄显示较佳;对搭桥血管及内支架显示良好。结论MSCTCA可作为冠心病的筛选手段及对冠状动脉血运重建术后复查有很高的临床应用价值。     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉图像质量控制研究:最佳重组时相与心率关系

目的量化评估64层螺旋CT冠状动脉各分支不同重组时相图像质量,探讨冠状动脉CT成像最佳重组时相与心率关系。资料与方法102例患者均采用64层螺旋CT回顾性心电门控冠状动脉成像,男68例,女34例,平均年龄(58.1±9.7)岁,平均心率(66.4±11.5)次/min。心率<65次/min(n=43)为Ⅰ组,65～75次/min(n=34)为Ⅱ组,>75次/min(n=25)为Ⅲ组,每例患者的4支冠状动脉(左主干、左前降支、左回旋支、右冠状动脉)共分为12个节段用于图像质量分析。扫描原始数据以间隔5%在20%～80%时相分别回顾性重组冠状动脉图像,采用横断位、曲面重组、容积再现等方法对图像质量综合评分。结果Ⅰ组60%、65%和70%为最佳时相,Ⅱ组60%、65%时相为最佳时相,Ⅲ组右冠状动脉较优时相为35%、40%,左冠状动脉较优时相为60%、65%。结论心率和重组时相的选择是决定冠状动脉图像质量的重要因素。平均心率≤75次/min,冠状动脉各分支图像质量在心脏运动的舒张中期(60%、65%)最佳;>75次/min时,左右冠状动脉分别进行重组能明显提高冠状动脉的成像质量。     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管造影的临床应用

目的:探讨64层探测器CT冠状动脉造影的临床应用价值。方法:对116例临床拟诊冠心病者行64层CTCA检查,采用多种重建方法对原始数据进行重建,观察64层CT对冠状动脉的显示能力、起源、冠脉内斑块性质及管腔狭窄程度,分析影响冠状动脉图像质量的因素,并对桥血管和支架通畅性进行观察。结果:左冠状动脉主干及前降支重建的最佳时相为75%R-R时相,左回旋支及右冠状动脉为65%R-R时相。以75%的相位窗重建得到容积再现的图像为最佳。64层CTCA对冠状动脉1～3级分支和部分4级分支显示清晰,对变异血管及心肌显示较佳;对冠状动脉内斑块、冠脉狭窄显示较佳;对桥血管及支架通畅和有无再狭窄显示良好。结论:64层探测器CTCA可作为冠心病、壁冠状动脉、血管变异及心肌病变的筛选手段及对冠状动脉血运重建术后复查有很高的临床应用价值。     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像图像质量控制研究

目的 探讨CT冠状动脉成像图像质量控制的临床应用.方法 102例患者采用64层螺旋CT心电门控冠状动脉成像,男68例,女34例,心率<65次/min为Ⅰ组,65～75次/min为Ⅱ组,>75次/min为Ⅲ组,每位患者的冠状动脉分为12血管段用于图像质量分析.测量冠状动脉各分支图像无伪影显示率和各分支近段和远段对比噪声比.结果 (1)所有患者总体评估结果显示,94.0%冠状动脉血管段显示无伪影.Ⅰ组冠状动脉分支无伪影显示率98.2%,Ⅱ组冠状动脉分支无伪影显 示率95.3%,Ⅲ组冠状动脉分支无伪影显示率85.0%;(2)所有冠状动脉分支平均对比噪声比为14.7±4.1.结论 64层螺旋CT有高质量的冠状动脉图像,心率影响冠状动脉图像,低心率仍是图像质量保证的关键因素.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.