河北汉族人群D11S2010基因座的遗传多态性研究

人类基因组的基因及基因外区域的编码区及非编码区含有2－4bp的短串联重复序列（short tandem repeat,STR)又称微卫星DNA序列。目前STR位点遗传多态性已成为人类学、医学、法医学各界广泛研究的热点,国内外学者已陆续报道了不同的STR位点,但D11S2010位点的报道国内尚未见到。为了解中国大陆人群D11S2010基因座的遗传多态性,作者采用聚合酶链反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,并结合银染的方法,对中国河北省168名汉族健康无关个体进行了调查,首次获得了河北省汉族人群D11S2010基因座群体遗传数据,结果报告如下。     

河南汉族人群D7S3048基因座遗传多态性分布

目的:了解河南汉族人群中STR基因座D7S3048的遗传多态性.方法:采用PCR扩增、变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染技术分析河南地区119例无血缘关系汉族人群该STR位点的遗传多态性.结果:首次获得河南汉族人群中D7S3048的分布情况.D7S3048基因座检出10个等位基因,基因型为37个,基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡.汉族与蒙古族相比较,等位基因分布有差异.结论:河南地区汉族人群中D7S3048位点具有较高的多态性,在法医学和人类遗传学研究中是很好的遗传标记.     

温州汉族人群短串联重复序列D5S818位点的多态性

目的:研究D5S818的遗传多态性及其法医学应用价值.方法:应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染显带技术对温州地区汉族227名无关个体的D5S818位点进行分型,并检验D5S818基因型频率分布是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,计算法医学常用的各种概率,并与其他人群进行了比较.结果:D5S818位点检出8个等位基因、24种基因型.基因型频率的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(χ2=12.3,P＞0.5,df=16),观测杂合度h为76.65 1.99%,偶合机率为0.0814,个体识别率为0.9186,多态信息含量为0.7496,亲子关系指数为2.1415,期望排除率为0.5385.不同人群基因频率分布存在一定的差异.结论:该研究所得到的等位基因频率数据可为温州汉族人群法医个体识别、亲子鉴定及遗传学研究提供更多依据.     

MVR-PCR检测中国汉族人群D16S309基因座遗传多态性

0 引言 D16S309(MS205)基因座位于16p13.3(AE006466)[1],表现出高度的多态性. 核心序列为45～54 bp,重复次数8～87次[2]. 研究采用小卫星变异重复单位聚合酶链反应(minisatellite variant repeat-PCR,MVR-PCR)技术,选择3′侧翼区引物(公共引物)205B(X68405)与MVR特异性引物205-TAG-A和205-TAG-T匹配进行PCR扩增,联合聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染法对106名中国河北汉族无关个体进行调查,并对家系样品进行分析,揭示了河北汉族人群D16S309基因座3'端遗传多态性.     

中国汉族人群21号染色体上3个STR位点的多态性分析

目的：分析中国汉族人群2l号染色体上3个短串联重复序列(slaort tanclem repeat，STR)的等位基因及基因型分布情况。方法：采用PCR扩增技术和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分析100名中国汉族人2l号染色体上D21S11、D21S1435、D21S2055位点的遗传多态性。结果：在中国汉族人群中，D21S11、D21S1435、D21S2055位点分别检出7、6和18个等位基因，18、17和56种基因型，杂合度分别为73％、82％和91％。结论：中国汉族人群中21号染色体的3个STR位点有较好的多态性，其基因型频率分布符合Harcly-Weinberg平衡。     

中国汉族人群DYF155S1位点等位基因结构研究

[目的]为建立一种简便、实用的 DYF155S1位点多态性分析技术提供依据。[方法]采用扩增片段长度多态性(Amp-FLP)方法,调查中国汉族人群155个无关男性个体DYF155S1位点长度的变异情况。PCR扩增产物用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,银染显示条带。用循环测序法对该位点的10个等位基因进行正向和反向序列分析。[结果]以基因组 DNA为模板,用一对引物可同时扩增出 DYF155S1和DYF155S2 2个位点的等位基因。DYF155S1位点表现出有长度多态性,这些等位基因约 1500～2 500 bp。DYF155S2位点表现出有或缺失的二态现象,缺失率约为7.1％。发现有4种变异的核心序列,其中3种与文献报道一致,被命名为1型、3型和4型,另一种为新发现的变异核心序列,暂命名为7型。10个等位基因具有相同的模块结构,在5’端表现为3型-1型-3型排列,在3’端则表现为 4型-3型排列。[结论]中国汉族人群DYF155S1位点 5’端序列较3’端的多态性高。     

D4S1627、D14S1426和D1S1649STR基因座的复合扩增同步检测及遗传多态性分析

目的 制备D4S1627、D14S1426、D1S1649 STR基因座的等位基因分型标准物,构建这3个STR基因座的复合扩增同步检测方法并进行遗传多态性分析.方法 本实验采用复合扩增同步检测方法,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离,银染显色,检测成都地区120名无关汉族个体的D4S1627、D14S1426、D1S1649 ST...     

中国河北汉族人群4个STR位点遗传多态性

目的：检测中国河北省汉族人群D2S1328、D3S1358、D11S2010、D16S310 4个STR位点的群体遗传学数据，探究其在法医学应用中的意义。方法：从河北省无血缘关系汉族个体的抗凝血中提取DNA，进行PCR扩增，变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳分型，银染显色。结果：4个位点基因频率分布均符合Hardy-weinberg平衡，遗传均符合孟德尔遗传规律，呈共显性遗传。4个基因座联合个人识别率（DP）为0.9995，累计多态信息量（PIC）为0.9807。结论：这4个多态位点在中国河北汉族人群中具有良好的多态性，所得到的遗传学数据可用于河北汉族人群法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定及遗传学研究。     

中国山西汉族人群DXS6795基因座的遗传多态性

目的 研究DXS6795基因座在山西汉族人群中的遗传多态性.方法 随机抽取山西汉族人群154名无关男性和96名无关女性个体血样,DNA用酚-氯仿提取,经PCR扩增,扩增产物用8%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染法进行检测分型,对女性基因型频率分布进行Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验,并计算法医学常用参数.结果 在山西汉族人群154名无关男性和96名无关女性个体中共检出4个等位基因.等位基因频率分布在0.104 0-0.396 0之间.X2检验表明女性基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡.女性和男性样本的个体识别率分别为0.740 6和0.704 7. 结论 DXS6795基因座在山西汉族人群中具有较高的遗传多态性,可用于法医学个人识别和亲权鉴定,并为X染色体短串联重复序列数据库的建立提供了山西汉族人群的遗传学数据.     

温州汉族人群短串联重复序列D1S549位点多态性研究

目的:获得D1S549基因座在中国温州汉族群体中基因型及等位基因频率数据,探讨其在法医学中的应用价值.方法:应用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染显带技术对温州地区汉族人230名无关个体的D1S549位点进行分型,并检验D1S549基因型频率分布是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,计算法医学常用的各种概率,并与其他人群进行了比较.结果:D1S549位点检出7个等位基因,21种基因型.基因型频率的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(χ2=11.5, P＞0.05, df=14),观测杂合度为(75.9±2.0)%,耦合几率为0.087,亲子关系指数为2.07,个体识别率为0.913,期望排除率为0.525,多态信息含量为0.73.不同人群基因频率分布存在一定的差异.结论:所得到的等位基因频率数据可为温州汉族人群法医个体识别,亲子鉴定及遗传学研究提供更多依据.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.