EXPRESSION OF BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-1 IN FETAL HUMAN CARTILAGE AND BONE DURING ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

The expression ot mRNA for bone morphogenetie protein-l(BMP-1) was investigated in fetal human cartilage and bone during the developing endoehondral ossification by using in situ hybridization. BMP-1 mRNA was localized in the hypertrophic choadrocytes, the cells of perichondrium, osteoblasts and marrow cells. The results suggest that BMP-1 may involve in cartilage and bone formation, and in regulation of calcification of growth plate. As a comparative study, the expression of TGF-β1 protein was investigated in cartilage and bone using immunohistoehemical staining, correlated expression of TGF-β1 and BMP-1 was found. The results suggest that BMP-1 and TGF-β1 act synergistically to influence endochroodral ossification.     

Experimental Study on Allogenic Decalcified Bone Matrix as Carrier for Bone Tissue Engineering

The biocompatibility and osteogenic activity of allogenic decalcified bone matrix (DBM) used as a carrier for bone tissue engineering were studied. Following the method described by Urist, allogenic DBM was made. In vitro, DBM and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) from rab-bits were co-cultured for 3-7 days and subjected to HE staining, and a series of histomorphological observations were performed under phase-contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo the mixture of DBM/BMSC co-cultured for 3 days was planted into one side of muscules sacrospinalis of rabbits, and the DBM without BMSC was planted into other side as con-trol. Specimens were collected at postoperative week 1, 2 and 4, and subjected to HE staining, and observed under SEM. The results showed during culture in vitro, the BMSCs adherent to the wall of DBM grew, proliferated and had secretive activity. The in vivo experiment revealed that BMSCs and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the perivascular region invaded gradually and proliferated together in DBM/BMSC group, and colony-forming units of chondrocytes were found. Osteoblasts,trabecular bone and medullary cavity appeared. The inflammatory reaction around muscles almost disappeared at the second weeks. In pure DBM group, the similar changes appeared from the sur-face of the DBM to center, and the volume of total regenerate bones was less than the DBM/BMSC group at the same time. The results indicated that the mixture of DBM and BMSC had good bio-compatibility and ectopic induced osteogentic activty.     

Angiogenic Potency of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Improved by ex Vivo Hypoxia Prestimulation

Summary: To study the angiogenic potency of hypoxia-prestimulated bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) when transplanted into acute myocardial infarction models of rats. BMSCs were cultured under hypoxia condition for 24 h. Their expression of VEGF was investigated. The rat acute myocardial infarction models were made by coronary artery ligation and divided into 3 groups at random.In normoxia group, twice-passaged BMSCs were labeled with Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and then implanted into the infarction regions and ischemic border of the recipients in 4 weeks. The rats in hypoxia group were implanted with hypoxia-prestimulated BMSCs. In control group, the model rats received only DMEM medium injection. Six-weeks after AMI, the infarction regions were examined to identify the angiogenesis and the expression of the VEGF. Our results showed that viable cells labeled with BrdU could be identified in the host hearts. The infarction regions in normoxia and hypoxia groups had a greater capillary density and increased VEGF expression than the regions in control group. The capillary density and VEGF expression in hypoxia group were higher than in normoxia group. It is concluded that the enhanced expression of VEGF in BMSCs could be induced by ex vivo hypoxia stimulation. BMSCs implantation promoted the angiogenesis in myocardial infarction tissue via supplying exogenic VEGF. Angiogenic potency of bone marrow stromal cells was improved by ex vivo hypoxia prestimulation though the enhanced VEGF expression.     

低强度超声波促进植入体内的组织工程骨骨形成

Background A practical problem impeding clinical translation is the limited bone formation seen in artificial bone grafts.Low-pressure/vacuum seeding and dynamic culturing in bioreactors have led to a greater penetration into the scaffolds,enhanced production of bone marrow cells,and improved tissue-engineered bone formation.The goal of this study was to promote more extensive bone formation in the composites of porous ceramics and bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs）.Methods BMSCs/β-tricalcium phosphate （β-TCP） composites were subcultured for 2 weeks and then subcutaneously implanted into syngeneic rats that were split into a low-intensity pulsed ultrasound （LIPUS） treatment group and a control group.These implants were harvested at 5,10,25,and 50 days after implantation.The samples were then biomechanically tested and analyzed for alkaline phosphate （ALP） activity and osteocalcin （OCN） content and were also observed by light microscopy.Results The levels of ALP activity and OCN content in the composites were significantly higher in the LIPUS group than in the control group.Histomorphometric analysis revealed a greater degree of soft tissue repair,increased blood flow,better angiogenesis,and more extensive bone formation in the LIPUS groups than in the controls.No significant difference in the compressive strength was found between the two groups.Conclusion LIPUS treatment appears to enhance bone formation and angiogenesis in the BMSCs/β3-TCP composites.     

Tissue-engineered calcium phosphate cement in rabbit femoral condylar bone defects

Background  Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a favorable bone-graft substitute, with excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. However, its reduced osteoinductive ability may limit the utility of CPC. To increase its osteoinductive potential, this study aimed to prepare tissue-engineered CPC and evaluate its use in the repair of bone defects. The fate of transplanted seed cells in vivo was observed at the same time.

Methods  Tissue-engineered CPC was prepared by seeding CPC with encapsulated bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) expressing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). Tissue-engineered CPC and pure CPC were implanted into rabbit femoral condyle bone defects respectively. Twelve weeks later, radiographs, morphological observations, histomorphometrical evaluations, and in vivo tracing were performed.

Results  The radiographs revealed better absorption and faster new bone formation for tissue-engineered CPC than pure CPC. Morphological and histomorphometrical evaluations indicated that tissue-engineered CPC separated into numerous small blocks, with active absorption and reconstruction noted, whereas the residual CPC area was larger in the group treated with pure CPC. In the tissue-engineered CPC group, in vivo tracing revealed numerous cells expressing both GFP and rhBMP-2 that were distributed in the medullar cavity and on the surface of bony trabeculae.

Conclusion  Tissue-engineered CPC can effectively repair bone defects, with allogenic seeded cells able to grow and differentiate in vivo after transplantation.

     

Reconstruction of orbital defect in rabbits with composite of calcium phosphate cement and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2

Background Calcium phosphate cement （CPC） is a biocompatible and osteoconductive bone substitute, and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 （rhBMP-2） has strong osteoinductibility, therefore we developed a composite bone substitute with CPC and rhBMP-2 and evaluate its reconstruction effect in rabbit orbital defect.Methods Thirty-six rabbits were randomly divided into two groups and a 5 mmx5 mmx2 mm bone defect in the infraorbital rim was induced by surgery in each orbit （72 orbits in all）. The orbital defects were treated with pure CPC or composite of CPC and rhBMP-2. The osteogenesis ability of different bone substitute was evaluated by gross observation, histological examination, histomorphometrical evaluation, compressive load-to-failure testing, and scanning electron microscope （SEM）.Results Gross observation showed that both bone substitutes were safe and effective for reconstruction of orbital defect. However, histological examination, histomorphometrical evaluation and SEM showed that CPC/rhBMP-2 group had faster speed in new bone formation and degradation of substitute material than CPC group. Compressive load-to-failure testing showed that CPC/rhBMP-2 group had stronger compressive strength than CPC group at every stage with significant difference （P ＜0.05）.Conclusion Composite of CPC/rhBMP-2 is an ideal bioactive material for repairing orbital defect, with good osteoconductibility and osteoinductibility.     

Osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells regulated by osteoblasts under EMF exposure in a co-culture system

This study examined the osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields （EMF） under the simulated in vivo conditions. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） and rat osteoblasts were co-cultured and exposed to 50 Hz, 1.0 mT EMF for different terms. Unexposed single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were set as controls. Cell proliferation features of single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were studied by using a cell counting kit （CCK-8）. For the co-culture system, cells in each group were randomly chosen for alkaline phosphatase （ALP） staining on the day 7. When EMF exposure lasted for 14 days, dishes in each group were randomly chosen for total RNA extraction and von Kossa staining. The mRNA expression of osteogenic markers was detected by using real-time PCR. Our study showed that short-term EMF exposure （2 h/day） could obviously promote prolifera- tion of BMSCs and osteoblasts, while long-term EMF （8 h/day） could promote osteogenic differen- tiation significantly under co-cultured conditions. Under EMF exposure, osteogenesis-related mRNA expression changed obviously in co-cultured and single-cultured cells. It was noteworthy that most osteogenic indices in osteoblasts were increased markedly after co-culture except Bmp2, which was increased gradually when ceils were exposed to EMF. Compared to other indices, the expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was increased sharply in both single-cultured and co-cultured groups when they were exposed to EMF. The mRNA expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was approximately four times higher in 8-h EMF group than that in the unexposed group. Our results suggest that Bmp2-mediated cellular interaction induced by EMF exposure might play an important role in the osteogenic differ- entiation of BMSCs.     

Expression of BMP-7 and its receptors in renal tubolo-interstitial fibrosis induced with unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats

Objective:To study the changes of the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7) and its receptors(BMPR- Ⅰ ,ALK2,ALK3 and ALK6) in the renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced with unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats. Methods: Sixty Wistar male rats were divided randomly into the normal control,sham-operation and unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO) groups and the rats were killedon the 1^st , 3^rd, 7^th and 14^th postoperative days respectively. The mRNA level of BMP-7, BMPR- Ⅰ , ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6 was determined with RT-PCR. The site and level of protein expression of BMP-7 were observed with immunohistochemical staining. Results: The mRNA level of BMP-7, BMPR- Ⅰ ,ALK2 and ALK3 was significantly decreased in the rats of UUO group than in those of the sham-operation group but the mRNA level of ALK6 showed no obvious changes in all the rats. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the protein of BMP-7 was mainly expressed in the renal tubules and interstitial tissue of the kidneys in normal rats but it was decreased gradually along with the unilateral ureteral obstruction. Conclusion: It is found that the loss of BMP-7 and its receptors including BMPR- Ⅰ ,ALK2 and ALK3 occursin the early phase of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis before the appearance of other pathological changes in the kidney and may play an important role in the occurrence and progress of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.     

Experimental Study on Low Intensity Ultrasound and Tissue Engineering to Repair Segmental Bone Defects

In order to evaluate the efficacy of low intensity ultrasound and tissue engineering technique to repair segmental bone defects, the rabbit models of 1.5-cm long rabbit radial segmental os-teoperiosteum defects were established and randomly divided into 2 groups. All defects were implanted with the composite of calcium phosphate cement and bone mesenchymal stem cells, and additionally those in experimental group were subjected to low intensity ultrasound exposure, while those in control group to sham exposure. The animals were killed on the postoperative week 4, 8 and 12 respectively, and specimens were harvested. By using radiography and the methods of biome-chanics, histomorphology and bone density detection, new bone formation and material degradation were observed. The results showed that with the prolongation of time after operation, serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) levels in both groups were gradually increased, especially in experimental group, reached the peak at 6th week (experimental group: 1.26 mmol/L; control group: 0.58 mmol/L), suggesting the new bone formation in both two group, but the amount of new bone formation was greater and bone repairing capacity stronger in experimental group than in control group. On the 4th week in experimental group, chondrocytes differentiated into woven bone, and on the 12th week, remodeling of new lamellar bone and absorption of the composite material were observed. The mechanical strength of composite material and new born density in experimental group were significantly higher than in control group, indicating that low intensity ultrasound could not only effectively increase the formation of new bone, but also accelerate the calcification of new bone. It was concluded that low intensity ultrasound could evidently accelerate the healing of bone defects repaired by bone tissue engineering.     

COA: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Promoted Transforming Growth Factor β3 Induced Chondrogenesis of Human Osteoarthritic Synovium-Derived Stem Cells

Background Synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) with greater chondrogenic potential are attracting more considerable attention as a cell source for cartilage regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) on transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-β3)-induced chondrogenesis of SDSCs isolated from human osteoarthritic synovium in a pellet culture system. Methods Nucleated cells isolated from human osteoarthritic synovium were plated at an optimal cell density to allow the selective proliferation of SDSCs. The clonogenicity, stem cell marker expression and multi-differentiation potential were determined by CFU assay, flow cytometry assay and specific staining including alizarin red S staining, Oil red staining and alcian blue staining, respectively. SDSCs pellet was cultured in chondrogenic medium without or with TGF-β3 or/and BMP-2. At day 21, the diameter and the weight of the pellets were measured. Chondrogenic differentiation of SDSCs was evaluated by Safranin O staining, immunohistochemical staining of collagen type II, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) synthesis and mRNA expression of collagen type II (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN), SOX9, link-protein (HAPLN1), collagen type X (COL10A1) and BMP receptor II (BMPR-II). Results Cells isolated under the optimized culturing density (104/60cm2) showed clonogenicity and multi-differentiation potential. These cells were positive (>99% positive) for CD44, CD90, CD105 and negative (<10% positive) for CD34 and CD71. SDSCs differentiated to a chondrocytic phenotype in chondrogenic medium containing TGF-β3 with or without BMP-2. Metachromatic staining of the extracellular matrix with Safarnin O was positive and the expression of collagen type II was detected. The combination of TGF-β3 and BMP-2 produced cell pellets with larger diameter and weight, produced more sGAGs, expression higher levels of collagen type II and chondrogenic markers, except COL10A1, than medium with TGF-β3 alone. Conclusions SDSCs could be isolated from human osteoarthritic synovium. Supplementation of BMP-2 significantly promoted the in vitro TGF-β3-induced chondrogenic differentiation of SDSCs.     

掺锶磷酸钙骨水泥材料生物学性能的动物实验

目的: 评价新型磷酸钙骨水泥(calcium phosphate cement,CPC)的生物相容性以及成骨效果,为其进一步的临床应用提供实验数据。方法: 选择新西兰大白兔30只,以其双后腿外侧髁(60个)为实验对象,随机分为CPC组、CPC+Bio-Oss组、Bio-Oss组和空白对照组4组,在兔双侧后腿外侧髁制造直径6 mm、深7 mm的骨缺损模型,按照组别分别植入CPC、Bio-Oss、CPC+Bio-Oss混合物(CPC与Bio-Oss骨粉质量比为4 ∶1)。实验动物分别在手术第4周、第12周、第24周处死,取骨缺损周围组织,HE染色进行组织学评价,并计算新骨生成率(bone ingrowth fraction,BIF); 利用免疫组织化学染色,计算阳性区域平均光密度(mean optical density,MOD), 检测术后第4周各组样本BMP-2和COL-Ⅰ的表达情况,评价各组样本在不同时间点的骨愈合情况。结果: HE染色发现,在相同时间点,与空白对照组相比, CPC组、CPC+Bio-Oss组、Bio-Oss组的BIF值明显较高(P<0.01), 其中,CPC组BIF低于Bio-Oss组和CPC+Bio-Oss组(P<0.01),CPC+Bio-Oss组与Bio-Oss组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。免疫组织化学染色结果显示,与空白对照组相比,CPC组BMP-2和COL-Ⅰ的MOD值较高,但低于Bio-Oss组和CPC+Bio-Oss组(P<0.01), CPC+Bio-Oss组BMP-2和COL-Ⅰ的MOD与Bio-Oss组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论: 新型磷酸钙骨水泥具有良好的生物相容性,可以促进早期成骨,成骨效果稳定,长期有效。     

缓释微囊化杜仲提取物复合钙磷骨水泥修复兔骨缺损

目的 探讨磷酸钙骨水泥（CPC）/杜仲微囊复合材料修复骨缺损的效果和最佳比例.方法 在新西兰兔双侧股骨髁部形成洞型骨缺损,实验侧骨缺损分为A、B组,分别置入含0.304、0.608mg/ml微囊杜仲提取物的CPC复合材料,对照侧置入CPC为C组,空白侧不填充为D组.在术后2、4、8、12周时取出股骨,进行大体观察、X线摄片、病理学观察及骨形成蛋白-2（BMP-2）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）免疫组化染色.结果 X线摄片提示术后12周B组植入材料无残留,A组有少量材料存留,C组材料明显存在.病理学观察术后4周B组骨水泥材料中成骨细胞生长活跃,A、C组仅在宿主骨表面有成骨细胞和新生血管 12周时A、B组髓腔贯通,C组髓腔未贯通,同时B组材料完全降解,A、C组材料未完全降解.统计学分析术后4周BMP-2因子实验组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 杜仲提取物给微囊包裹,以0.608mg/ml比例与CPC复合修复兔股骨髁缺损使杜仲有效成分缓释,诱导新骨形成作用强、降解时间快、优于CPC且比例较适宜.     

鹿角壮骨胶囊对股骨头坏死患者血清BGP,BMP-2,TGF-β_1,VEGF及骨密度的影响

目的观察鹿角壮骨胶囊对股骨头坏死患者血清骨钙素(BGP)、骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)及骨密度的影响。方法 117例(133髋)股骨头坏死患者,随机分为治疗组60例(68髋),口服院内制剂鹿角壮骨胶囊治疗,对照组57例(65髋),采用口服仙灵骨葆胶囊。两组服药方法为每日3次,每次3粒,每日总剂量450mg,均以3个月为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。两组分别于治疗前后采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测患者血清中BGP、BMP-2、TGF-β1、VEGF含量水平及采用双能X线骨密度仪检测股骨的骨密度。结果治疗组治疗2个疗程后血清BGP、BMP-2、VEGF含量水平及股骨颈、股骨粗隆、Ward’s三角骨密度高于对照组(P<0.01);而治疗组血清TGF-β1水平低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论鹿角壮骨胶囊对股骨头坏死的治疗作用可能与促进骨钙素、骨形态发生蛋白-2、血管内皮细胞生长因子合成及降低转化生长因子-β1的表达水平、改善骨密度有关。     

外源性激素致股骨头坏死VEGF与BMP-2表达的研究

目的探讨激素致股骨头坏死（ONFH）股骨头局部血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）与骨形态发生蛋白-2（BMP-2）的表达情况及意义。方法收集经全髋置换术取下的激素性ONFH股骨头标本35例作为实验组,新鲜股骨颈骨折股骨头标本32例作为对照组。所有标本经固定、脱钙后,制成切片,光镜观察其病理变化,并运用免疫组化技术分别对其VEGF和BMP-2的表达情况进行检测。结果实验组组织结构紊乱,破碎,骨小梁稀疏、不完整,有大量的空骨陷窝,而对照组骨小梁相对较完整、排列整齐,骨细胞清晰可见,偶见空骨陷窝。实验组VEGF和BMP-2阳性表达的强度及面积均明显低于对照组,结果有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论激素性ONFH股骨头局部VEGF和BMP-2的表达降低,极有可能是导致其自身修复能力不足的重要原因,增加股骨头局部VEGF与BMP-2的表达可能有助于ONFH的修复。     

组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥修复兔股骨远端骨缺损的评价

背景：磷酸钙骨水泥是一种良好的骨移植替代材料,具有优异的组织相容性和骨引导性能。但是骨诱导性能不佳限制了其广泛应用。本研究目的是评价具有骨诱导活性的组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥修复骨缺损的效果,并观察了种子细胞在体内的增殖、分化和转归情况。 方法：通过将微囊化rhBMP-2基因修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞种植入磷酸钙骨水泥中来制备组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥。rhBMP-2基因修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞可以共表达绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）与重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2（rhBMP-2）。制备兔双侧股骨髁骨缺损模型,将组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥随机植入一侧骨缺损中,单纯磷酸钙骨水泥植入对侧骨缺损中,做自身对照。12w后取材,进行X线片检查、组织形态学观察、骨计量学评价和种子细胞体内示踪观察。 结果：X线片显示两种骨水泥对骨缺损填充良好,组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥吸收速度和新骨形成速度较快。组织学观察与骨计量学评价结果示组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥被分解成无数个小块,可以看到活动动性骨吸收和骨重建现象,单纯骨水泥组中残余骨水泥面积相对较大。体内示踪结果显示,术后12w组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥组中仍有大量的细胞同时表达GFP和rhBMP-2,这些细胞不仅分布于髓腔中,也分布于骨表面。 结论：组织工程化磷酸骨水泥可以有效地修复骨缺损,同种异体移植种子细胞可以在体内存活并分化。     

不同应力对坏死股骨头自身修复过程中血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的 探讨不同应力刺激下犬股骨头缺血性坏死后自身修复过程中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白及mRNA的表达变化及意义.方法 健康比格犬24只,通过液氮冷冻法制成犬股骨头坏死,并对坏死股骨头施以不同的应力,根据承受应力环境不同分为低高及中应力组(B、C、D组).对照组(A组)股骨头不做处理.分别于术后4、8周处死实验犬,取股骨头标本,行HE染色观察组织病理学改变,免疫组化染色及定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测VEGF蛋白及mRNA的表达变化.结果 HE染色提示:D组关节软骨、骨小梁的结构和形态较B、C组改善;免疫组化提示:D组股骨头内VEGF蛋白面积积光度在术后第4、8周显著高于其他各组;RT-PCR检测最示:D组股骨头VEGF mRNA的表达率在术后第4、8周高于其他各组,第8周高于第4周(均P＜0.05).结论适当的应力刺激能有效促进犬股骨头骨组织中VEGF蛋白及mRNA的表达,进而有助于促进血管的新生和软骨下骨的重建,可能有利于坏死股骨头的修复.     

骨折愈合过程中BMP-2和VEGF的表达

目的:观察骨折愈合过程中骨痂组织内骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)和血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的表达及分布情况,并探讨其作用机制。方法:以Wistar大鼠为研究对象,制作股骨骨折愈合模型,采用免疫组织化学和HE染色的方法,检测骨折不同阶段(1,3,7,14,21,28,42d)BMP-2、VEGF的表达、变化和分布。结果:在骨折愈合的不同阶段,骨痂组织内表达BMP-2、VEGF的细胞来源不同,同时表达程度也存在差异。结论:骨折愈合的不同时期,BMP-2、VEGF有着各自的表达和分布特点,并共同调节骨祖细胞的增殖和成骨细胞、软骨细胞的分化,最终完成骨折修复。     

激素性股骨头坏死VEGF与BMP-2mRNA表达的实验研究

目的探讨激素性股骨头坏死（ONFH）中VEGF（血管内皮生长因子）蛋白、bFGF（碱性成纤维细胞生长因子）与BMP-2（骨形态发生蛋白-2）mRNA表达的情况及意义。方法收集经全髋置换术取下的激素性ONFH股骨头标本23例作为实验组,新鲜股骨颈骨折标本20例作为对照组。所有标本取材后经固定、脱钙后,制成切片,光镜及电镜观察其病理变化及骨修复情况,并以免疫组化和原位杂交技术对其VEGF蛋白、bFGF与BMP-2mRNA的表达情况进行检测。结果实验组组织结构紊乱、破碎,骨小梁稀疏,髓腔内脂肪细胞增生、肥大;对照组骨小梁相对较完整、排列整齐,骨细胞清晰可见。实验组VEGF蛋白、bFGF与BMP-2mRNA阳性表达的强度及面积均明显低于对照组,结果有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论激素性ONFH的发生与脂肪代谢紊乱关系密切;股骨头局部VEGF蛋白、bFGF与BMP-2mRNA的表达降低,可能是导致其自身修复能力不足的重要原因。     

淫羊藿对肾阳虚雄性大鼠股骨骨形态发生蛋白-7表达的实验研究

目的 观察淫羊藿对醋酸泼尼松所致的肾阳虚雄性SD大鼠股骨骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)表达的影响.方法 3月龄雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为正常组、肾阳虚模型组、淫羊藿组,灌胃给药90 d后,RT-PCR检测股骨BMP-7 mRNA的表达,免疫组化检测股骨BMP-7的表达.结果 醋酸泼尼松致肾阳虚大鼠股骨BMP-7 mRNA和BMP-7的表达明显下降(P＜0.05),淫羊藿能在mRNA水平(P＜0.05)和蛋白水平上提高股骨BMP-7的表达.结论 淫羊藿可提高股骨中BMP-7的表达来诱导成骨,修复骨损伤.     

外周血干细胞动员后移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效比较

目的 探讨外周血干细胞动员后移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的效果. 方法 将30只新西兰大白兔随机分为空白组、对照组和实验组;给予实验组兔重组人粒细胞刺激因子（CSF）0.2 ml/次,1次/d,进行外周血干细胞动员,在第7天后抽取外周血10 ml并对于细胞进行分离;对照组和实验组动物利用甲强龙联合内毒素法建立兔股骨头缺血性坏死模型并行MRI评价造模效果;造模6周后对照组和实验组动物行髓心减压术;并对实验组行自体外周血干细胞移植;术后6周观察动物一般情况,以及股骨头区骨组织血管情况,并行VEGF、BMP-2免疫组化染色. 结果 外周血干细胞动员后第7天外周血行单核细胞（MNC）为（21.20±2.11）×106/ml,CD34＋阳性率为（2.97±1.43）％;动员后干细胞移植后实验组动物HE染色显示股骨头区新生血管较对照组增多,骨组织修复活动较对照组增强;免疫组化染色显示实验组表达VEGF、BMP-2较对照组明显增加. 结论 CSF动员外周血干细胞可以得到足够的种子细胞,移植后可改善股骨头缺血性坏死区的微环境及血运,达到促进股骨头区组织的修复.