髋前入路带血管蒂骨(膜)瓣转移治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的 探讨髋前入路治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的显微外科手术方法。方法 经髋前入路选用带旋股外侧血管升支髂骨（膜）瓣、带旋股外侧血管横支大转子骨瓣、带旋股外侧血管降支骨膜支股骨骨膜瓣及旋髂骨（膜）瓣不同组合治疗不同病变的股骨头缺血性坏死３０８例（３５１侧）,术后随访１～１３年。结果 根据疼痛、行走距离、关节活动度、Ｘ线评价分析。取得了满意的治疗效果。结论 髋前入路带血管蒂骨（膜）瓣转移。四种不同的骨（膜）     

关节镜下应用带血管蒂骨瓣转移治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的 报道在关节镜监视下应用带血管蒂骨瓣转移微创治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的临床效果。方法 对Ficat Ⅱ～Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死施行关节镜监视下带旋股外侧血管升支髂骨瓣转移术、带旋股外侧血管横支大转子骨瓣逆行转移术、带旋股外侧血管升支臀中肌支大转子骨瓣转移术治疗53例，切口长度为9～15cm。结果 术后随访1．5～4年，根据疼痛、行走距离、关节活动度和X线检查评价分析，疗效满意。结论 关节镜监视下带血管蒂骨瓣转移微创治疗股骨头缺血坏死具有对髋关节周围组织损伤小，能保持关节完整性，清除坏死骨准确、彻底等优点。     

带血管蒂大转子骨瓣及联合髂骨(膜)瓣治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的：为完善带血管蒂的不同骨瓣转移术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死。方法：应用带旋股外侧血管横支的大转子骨瓣，联合升支髂骨瓣和旋髂深血管蒂的髂骨（膜）瓣３种方法。６种术式对股骨头进行了修复和再造，临床应用１９１例２２０侧。结果：１１５例１３０侧经１年６个月至１１年随访取得了良好的效果。结论：带血管蒂的大转子骨瓣联合髂骨（膜）瓣转移的方法适合青壮年股骨头缺血性坏死的各期病变的治疗。     

带血管蒂大转子骨瓣及联合髂骨（膜）膜治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的：为完善带血管蒂的不同骨瓣转移术治疗股骨头坏血性坏死。方法；应用带旋股外侧血管横支的大转子骨瓣，联合升支髂骨瓣和旋髂深血管蒂的髂骨（膜）瓣３种方法。６种术式对股骨头进行了修复和再造，临床应用１９１例２２０侧。结果；１１５例１３０侧经１年６个月至１１年随访取得了良好的效果。结论：带血管蒂的大转子骨瓣联合髂骨（膜）瓣转移的方法适合青壮年股骨头缺血性坏死的各期病变的治疗。     

带双血管蒂大转子骨瓣转移治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的 探讨应用旋股外侧血管横支及升支、臀中肌支双血管蒂大转子骨瓣转移的方法治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的临床效果。方法应用带旋股外侧血管横支及升支、臀中肌支双血管蒂大转子骨瓣转移术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死32例（32髋），其中男18例，女14例；Ficat Ⅱ期15侧，Ⅲ期17例。术后平均随访25个月（15-38个月），根据Harris髋关节功能评分标准进行临床评价，根据手术前后Ficat分期改变进行影像学评价，对其中的9例进行手术前后数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查以明确坏死股骨头血运重建状况。结果术后两髋改行人工全髋关节置换。股骨头得到重建的病例，术后Harris髋关节功能评分明显提高（术前平均55分，术后88．6分），本组临床成功率为90．6％，影像学成功率为87．5％。9例重建股骨头手术前后DSA评估提示血管蒂充盈好，骨瓣血运丰富。结论旋股外侧血管横支及升支、臀中肌支双血管蒂大转子骨瓣转移的方法治疗股骨头缺血性坏死骨瓣血供确切，股骨头血运重建良好，早期疗效满意。     

髋关节发育不良合并股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗

目的 :为了探讨髋关节发育不良引起的股骨头缺血坏死的治疗方法。方法 :根据髋关节发育不良的程度 ,应用带旋股外侧血管横支大转子骨瓣和升支髂骨瓣转移进行股骨头的修复和再造。结果 :经 2～ 8年随访 ,所有患者髋关节功能均有不同程度的改善。结论 :带血管蒂大转子骨瓣和髂骨瓣转移方法适用于髋关节发育不良引起的股骨头缺血性坏死。     

经髋关节外科脱位入路自体髂骨瓣打压植骨治疗中青年ARCO Ⅱ、Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的探讨经髋关节外科脱位入路自体髂骨瓣打压植骨治疗中青年ARCOⅡ、Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2015-02—2017-08诊治的52例(53髋)中青年ARCOⅡ、Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死,经髋关节外科脱位入路行股骨大粗隆截骨,彻底清除股骨头内坏死骨肌硬化带,将松质骨打压植骨,将游离髂骨块修整后打压植入股骨后外侧柱或前外侧柱进行支撑。结果 52例均获得随访,随访时间平均20(8~38)个月。2例(2髋)术后1年因髋关节严重塌陷行全髋关节置换术。末次随访时髋关节功能Harris评分为(83.2±5.8)分,较术前明显提高。总体稳定情况:好转29髋,稳定14髋,加重8髋。结论经髋关节外科脱位入路自体髂骨瓣打压植骨治疗中青年ARCOⅡ、Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死的短期疗效满意,术中在不破坏股骨头血供的基础上直视下对坏死骨、硬化骨清除,可利用股骨大粗隆处松质骨及髂骨瓣重建股骨头外侧及前外侧生物学及生物力学稳定,但远期疗效有待进一步观察。     

保留股骨头手术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死1005例临床分析

目的探讨股骨头缺血性坏死保留股骨头的外科治疗方法。方法对采用带旋股外侧血管升支髂骨瓣、带旋股外侧血管横支大转子骨瓣、带旋股外侧血管降支骨膜支骨膜瓣及旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣及联合骨瓣方法治疗并获得临床随访的1005例患者（1226髋）进行回顾分析。其中男性579例（695髋）,女性426例（53l髋）;年龄17～65岁,平均年龄37.4岁;Ficat Ⅱ期485髋,Ⅲ期473髋,Ⅳ期268髋;Harris髋关节功能评分平均56.2分;术后随访1.5～15年,平均随访5.1年。根据Harris髋关节功能评分标准进行临床评价,根据手术前后Ficat分期改变进行影像学评价。结果57例61髋于术后1～6年改行人工全髋关节置换术。股骨头得到重建的病例,术后Harris髋关节功能评分提高至平均85.8分,其中临床成功率为89.4％（104l髋）,影像学成功率为75.4％（878髋）。Ficat Ⅱ期优良率为95.3％,Ⅲ期为87.9％,Ⅳ期为60.8％。结论应用显微外科技术,针对不同程度的股骨头缺血性坏死采用单纯或联合带血管蒂骨（膜）瓣转移,是青壮年股骨头缺血性坏死患者保留股骨头的有效治疗方法。     

带旋股外侧血管大转子骨瓣移植治疗成年股骨颈骨折

目的：探讨带旋股外侧血管大转子骨瓣移植治疗成年股骨颈骨折的方法和疗效。方法：采用带旋股外侧血管横支为蒂大转子骨瓣加松质骨镙钉内固定,治疗成年股骨颈骨折8例。结果：术后随访10个月～3年,8例骨折均愈合,未发生骨折不愈和股骨头缺血性坏死,患者髋关节功能恢复良好。结论：该术式操作相对简便,可提高成年股骨颈骨折的愈合率,避免发生骨不连和股骨头缺血性坏死等严重并发症。     

带血管蒂大转子骨膜骨瓣治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

带血管蒂大转子骨膜骨瓣治疗股骨头缺血性坏死江甫祥赵庆安李志毅向炼股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗方法较多，但疗效并不满意。我们从１９９１年６月～１９９５年１２月采用带血管蒂大转子骨膜骨瓣治疗股骨头缺血性坏死２２例，经长期随访，疗效满意。１临床资料１１性...     

股骨头缺血性坏死修复重建术后与全髋关节置换术后异位骨化的比较

目的 研究股骨头缺血性坏死修复重建术后与全髋关节置换术后异位骨化的发生率。方法1994年6月～2004年12月，收治因股骨头缺血性坏死行修复重建患者共1005例，其中随机选择Ficat和AlertX线分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者74例（A组），观察异位骨化的发生率；与随机从465例同期全髋关节置换患者中选取80例（B组）的异位骨化发生率进行比较。结果A、B组术后均获随访2-10年，平均6．5年。修复重建术组发生异位骨化4例，异位骨化率5．4％；全髋关节置换术组发生异位骨化18例，异位骨化率22．5％；两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论股骨头缺血性坏死修复重建术后异位骨化发生率较低，适用于青壮年患者。全髋关节置换术后异位骨化发生率较高，适用于老年患者。     

开窗病灶清除植骨术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的　寻求治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的简便而有效的手术方法。方法　设计一种于股骨头颈交界处开窗、坏死骨清除减压、髂骨松质骨填充植骨术 ,术后配合牵引髋关节 ,早期持续被动功能锻炼的方法 ,治疗股骨头缺血性坏死 2 0例 2 9个股骨头。结果　 2 0例 2 9个股骨头经 1～ 3年随访 ,效果满意。髋痛消失 ,髋关节功能良好 ,行走及下蹲正常或基本正常。结论　此术式可彻底清除坏死骨 ,消除血供障碍因素 ,为重建血运修复骨质创造条件 ,在病灶清除后的股骨头空腔内 ,填充大量松质骨支撑软骨面 ,为骨修复提供成骨条件。早期髋关节持续被动功能锻炼对关节软骨的修复和预防关节粘连是极为有利的。此法操作简便 ,创伤小 ,效果好。     

股骨头缺血坏死发病机理的实验研究

目的：探讨股骨头坏死的发病机理,为正确指导临床治疗,防治股骨头缺血坏死提供一个可靠依据。方法：20只新西兰大白兔随机分为两组：模型组和空白对照组。向模型组动物腹腔内注射醋酸氢化泼尼松,造成股骨头缺血性坏死模型,在第8次注射激素后第4天模型Ⅰ组和对照Ⅰ组各取5只动物进行取材实验,于注射激素后第30天模型Ⅱ组和对照Ⅱ组各取5只进行同上实验,观察模型组和对照组的一般情况,、股骨头外观、股骨头,则定骨密度,结果：模型组动物较对照组股骨头骨质疏松,易于剖开凿切,镜下空骨陷窝数增多,脂肪细胞增多,骨小梁变细、稀疏中断、骨密度明显减低,结论：认为股骨头缺血坏死发病期经历了一个共同的病理过程,即骨质疏松。     

旋髂深血管蒂骨瓣移植预防先髋术后股骨头坏死

目的探索发育性髋关节脱位术后股骨头坏死的预防措施。方法对20例发育性髋关节脱位分为A、B两组，A组常规切开复位加带旋髂深血管蒂骨瓣移植，B组单行常规切开复位。结果A组病例获1～6g随访，平均3．5年，股骨头坏死2例，Ficat分期I期，A组髋关节功能评定：优6例，良2例，差2例。B组病例获4～14年随访，平均7．8年，股骨头无菌坏死5例，Ficat分期：ⅡA期1例、ⅡB期2例、Ⅲ期2例，B组髋关节功能评定：优4例，良1例，差5例。结论带旋髂深血管蒂骨瓣移植能有效预防发育性髋关节脱位术后股骨头坏死，改善关节功能。     

实验性动物股骨头坏死模型的制备及其病理生理机制

目的 探讨股骨头坏死的病理演进机制及预后。方法 采用１２Ｎ盐酸、１２Ｎ氢氧化钠依次注入家兔股骨头内灭活骨细胞、骨髓组织及破坏股骨头内的微循环。结果 在短时期 复制出进展期的股骨头坏死模型,６周左右好可出现典型的骨坏死病理。结论 病因、骨吸收及骨有效重建的平衡状态、生物力学三方面因素综合作用,决定股骨头坏死的病理演进及预后,股骨头坏死的有效修复不仅仅是坏死的骨小梁重建,还应包括遭受损害的微循环及骨髓     

Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head

Fourteen cases, 25 hips, of idiopathic necrosis of femoral head (INFH) were included in our series. The role of radiographs, isotopic bone scanning, intraosseous pressure measurement and intraosseous venography in diagnosis of INFH was evaluated. Radiological examination cannot reveal early case, while isotopic bone scanning was more sensitive. There was increase of intraosseous pressure in most diseased hips. Intraosseous venography was abnormal in all examined hips. These two tests could therefore detect early INFH. Core decompression was performed on 21 hips. The operated hips were followed for 3.5 months to 20 months. Functional evaluation of 18 hips were good or excellent. Radiographic re-examination of 20 hips remained unchanged. The postoperative intraosseous pressure measurement and intraosseous venography in examined hips revealed a decrease of intraosseous pressure and improvement of venous drainage. Core decompression is therefore an ideal method of treatment for early INFH.     

Safe Arthroscopic Access to the Central Compartment of the Hip

This technical note describes a new method that allows access to the central compartment of the hip under arthroscopic control via the peripheral compartment with less risk of labral perforation and/or cartilage scuffing. After placement of the anterolateral portal in the peripheral compartment without traction, the anterior head area with the anterior acetabular labrum and the anterior surface of the femoral head are inspected. Under arthroscopic control, a guidewire is introduced through the anterior portal in between the anterior labrum and anterior femoral head cartilage and into the central compartment. The arthroscope is then removed from the anterolateral portal, the hip distracted, and the arthroscope introduced via cannulated instruments over the guidewire into the central compartment. Further portal placement can be controlled arthroscopically.     

Umbrella-shaped, memory alloy femoral head support device for treatment of avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Purpose

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a common orthopaedic disease that is difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to explore the preliminary efficacy of a self-designed umbrella-shaped memory alloy femoral head support device in the treatment of adult patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Methods

The minimally-invasive approach involved curettage of the necrotic tissue of the femoral head, and a self-designed umbrella-shaped, memory alloy femoral head support device was implanted into the collapsed necrotic area to support the collapsed femoral head. Autologous iliac bone and artificial bone were implanted into the support device for the treatment of adult patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Results

The clinical device was used in ten patients and 18 hip joints. The support device failed in one hip joint, which subsequently underwent joint replacement surgery, and the remaining 17 implanted devices were followed up for four to 19 months. The 17 postoperative hip joints were evaluated using the percent-efficacy evaluation method for avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head in adult patients, and the efficacy rate was 82.35 %.

Conclusion

The umbrella-shaped femoral head support device can be used in Ficat stage I, stage II, and stage III adult patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head.     

早期训练对髋关节与股骨头置换术后病人功能恢复的影响

目的探讨早期功能训练对髋关节与股骨头置换术后功能恢复的影响.方法将45例行髋关节和股骨头置换手术的病人随机分为两组,观察组23例采用早期系统训练指导方法,时照组22例采用常规护理方法.结果术后2周及3个月观察组病人关节活动及功能恢复均优于对照组(均P＜0.01),并发症的发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论早期功能训练能改善关节功能,减少术后并发症,促进康复.     

Study of rotating permanent magnetic field to treat steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head

Sixty New Zealand rabbit models with steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head were exposed to a rotating permanent magnetic field (RPMF) (group A1-2 h/d for one month and group A2-2 h/d for two months), and the changes of femoral head, blood viscosity, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and pressure within the hip joint cavity were measured and statistically analysed compared to that of control group (B1 and B2) and sham group (C1 and C2). After RPMF treatment, the osteogenesis regeneration of the necrotic femoral head was markedly improved, as was shown by micro-CT. Blood viscosity, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and pressure in the hip joint cavity were found significantly reduced. RPMF could affect various critical aspects in the course of femoral head necrosis, which will be a promising measure in the prevention and treatment of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head, especially in the early stage.